Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pr̥h₂wós
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]| 10 | ||||
| 1 | 2 → | 10 → | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: *h₁óynos, *sḗm Ordinal: *pr̥h₂wós Adverbial: *somHós Fractional: *sēmi Prefix: *sm̥- | ||||
Etymology
[edit]From *preh₂- (“before, in front”) + *-wós.
Adjective
[edit]Inflection
[edit]| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *pr̥h₂wós | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ | |
| genitive | *pr̥h₂wósyo | *pr̥h₂wéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *pr̥h₂wós | *pr̥h₂wóh₁ | *pr̥h₂wóes |
| vocative | *pr̥h₂wé | *pr̥h₂wóh₁ | *pr̥h₂wóes |
| accusative | *pr̥h₂wóm | *pr̥h₂wóh₁ | *pr̥h₂wóms |
| genitive | *pr̥h₂wósyo | *? | *pr̥h₂wóHom |
| ablative | *pr̥h₂wéad | *? | *pr̥h₂wómos, *pr̥h₂wóbʰos |
| dative | *pr̥h₂wóey | *? | *pr̥h₂wómos, *pr̥h₂wóbʰos |
| locative | *pr̥h₂wéy, *pr̥h₂wóy | *? | *pr̥h₂wóysu |
| instrumental | *pr̥h₂wóh₁ | *? | *pr̥h₂wṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ | *pr̥h₂wéh₂h₁(e) | *pr̥h₂wéh₂es |
| vocative | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ | *pr̥h₂wéh₂h₁(e) | *pr̥h₂wéh₂es |
| accusative | *pr̥h₂wā́m | *pr̥h₂wéh₂h₁(e) | *pr̥h₂wéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *pr̥h₂wéh₂s | *? | *pr̥h₂wéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *pr̥h₂wéh₂s | *? | *pr̥h₂wéh₂mos, *pr̥h₂wéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ey | *? | *pr̥h₂wéh₂mos, *pr̥h₂wéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *pr̥h₂wéh₂, *pr̥h₂wéh₂i | *? | *pr̥h₂wéh₂su |
| instrumental | *pr̥h₂wéh₂h₁ | *? | *pr̥h₂wéh₂mis, *pr̥h₂wéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *pr̥h₂wóm | *pr̥h₂wóy(h₁) | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ |
| vocative | *pr̥h₂wóm | *pr̥h₂wóy(h₁) | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ |
| accusative | *pr̥h₂wóm | *pr̥h₂wóy(h₁) | *pr̥h₂wéh₂ |
| genitive | *pr̥h₂wósyo | *? | *pr̥h₂wóHom |
| ablative | *pr̥h₂wéad | *? | *pr̥h₂wómos, *pr̥h₂wóbʰos |
| dative | *pr̥h₂wóey | *? | *pr̥h₂wómos, *pr̥h₂wóbʰos |
| locative | *pr̥h₂wéy, *pr̥h₂wóy | *? | *pr̥h₂wóysu |
| instrumental | *pr̥h₂wóh₁ | *? | *pr̥h₂wṓys |
Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- >? Proto-Albanian: *paru
- Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: հարաւ (haraw) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pírˀwas[5]
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *furwōstaz, *furwistaz
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hwás (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *pärwe[1]
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “parwe”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 383: “PTch *pärwe; PIE *pr̥hₐwó-”
- ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems][1] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 653
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πρῷρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1244-1245
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “pū́rva-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 401-2
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “pirmas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 357-358
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pьrvъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 430: “num. o ‘first’”