Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/puHrós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly from *pewH- (“to mow, harvest”) +‎ *-rós (compare Latin putō (“to prune (trees), scour (wool)”), Latvian pļaũt (“to mow, harvest”)), or perhaps *ph₂-u-ró-s, from *peh₂- (“to strike”)^[1]. Alternatively borrowed from Proto-Semitic (compare Hebrew בָּר (bar, “wheat”), Arabic بُرّ (burr, “wheat”)), or a Wanderwort^[2].

Noun

*puHrós m (non-ablauting)^[3]

wheat

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*puHrós
genitive	*puHrósyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*puHrós	*puHróh₁	*puHróes
vocative	*puHré	*puHróh₁	*puHróes
accusative	*puHróm	*puHróh₁	*puHróms
genitive	*puHrósyo	*?	*puHróHom
ablative	*puHréad	*?	puHrómos, puHróbʰos
dative	*puHróey	*?	puHrómos, puHróbʰos
locative	puHréy, puHróy	*?	*puHróysu
instrumental	*puHróh₁	*?	*puHrṓys

Descendants

Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Latvian: pûri, (obsolete spelling) Latvian: pûŗi
- Lithuanian: pūrai̇̃
- Old Prussian: pure
- Proto-Slavic:
  - Old Church Slavonic: пꙑре (pyre)
  - Russian: пыре́й (pyréj)
  - Ukrainian: пирій (pyrij)
Proto-Germanic:
- Old English: fyrs
  - English: furze
Proto-Hellenic: *pʰurós (< metathesized *pHurós^[4])
- Ancient Greek: πῡρός (pūrós)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *puHrás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *puHrás
  - Sanskrit: पूर (pūra)

References

^ Janda, Michael (2000) Eleusis: Das Indogermanische Erbe Der Mysterien (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 86) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 39-43
^ Schwyzer, Eduard (1939, 1950) Griechische Grammatik: auf der Grundlage von Karl Brugmanns Griechischer Grammatik (Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft; 1, part 3) (in German), München: C. H. Beck, page 53
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “pū-ro-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 850
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page πῡρός of 1203-1204

[1] Janda, Michael (2000) Eleusis: Das Indogermanische Erbe Der Mysterien (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 86) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 39-43

[2] Schwyzer, Eduard (1939, 1950) Griechische Grammatik: auf der Grundlage von Karl Brugmanns Griechischer Grammatik (Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft; 1, part 3) (in German), München: C. H. Beck, page 53

[3] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “pū-ro-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 850

[4] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page πῡρός of 1203-1204

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]