Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swéh₂dus
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From *sweh₂d- (“sweet”) + *-us (Caland system suffix).
Adjective[edit]
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *swéh₂dus | *suh₂déwih₂ | |
| genitive | *suh₂déws | *suh₂duyéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *swéh₂dus | *swéh₂duh₁(e) | *swéh₂dewes |
| vocative | *swéh₂du | *swéh₂duh₁(e) | *swéh₂dewes |
| accusative | *swéh₂dum | *swéh₂duh₁(e) | *swéh₂dums |
| genitive | *suh₂déws | *? | *suh₂déwoHom |
| ablative | *suh₂déws | *? | *suh₂dúmos |
| dative | *suh₂déwey | *? | *suh₂dúmos |
| locative | *suh₂déw, *suh₂déwi | *? | *suh₂dúsu |
| instrumental | *suh₂dúh₁ | *? | *suh₂dúmis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suh₂déwih₂ | *suh₂déwih₂h₁(e) | *suh₂déwih₂es |
| vocative | *suh₂déwih₂ | *suh₂déwih₂h₁(e) | *suh₂déwih₂es |
| accusative | *suh₂déwih₂m̥ | *suh₂déwih₂h₁(e) | *suh₂déwih₂m̥s |
| genitive | *suh₂duyéh₂s | *? | *suh₂duyéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *suh₂duyéh₂s | *? | *suh₂duyéh₂mos |
| dative | *suh₂duyéh₂ey | *? | *suh₂duyéh₂mos |
| locative | *suh₂duyéh₂, *suh₂duyéh₂i | *? | *suh₂duyéh₂su |
| instrumental | *suh₂duyéh₂h₁ | *? | *suh₂duyéh₂mis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *swéh₂du | *swéh₂dwih₁ | *swéh₂duh₂ |
| vocative | *swéh₂du | *swéh₂dwih₁ | *swéh₂duh₂ |
| accusative | *swéh₂du | *swéh₂dwih₁ | *swéh₂duh₂ |
| genitive | *suh₂déws | *? | *suh₂déwoHom |
| ablative | *suh₂déws | *? | *suh₂dúmos |
| dative | *suh₂déwey | *? | *suh₂dúmos |
| locative | *suh₂déw, *suh₂déwi | *? | *suh₂dúsu |
| instrumental | *suh₂dúh₁ | *? | *suh₂dúmis |
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: քաղցր (kʻałcʻr) (partially)
- Proto-Celtic: *swādus (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *swōtuz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *hwādús (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swáHduš (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *swādwis
- Latin: suāvis (see there for further descendants)
References[edit]
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “suāvis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 594
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἡδύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*swādu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 360