Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weh₁y-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*weh₁y-^[1]^[2]

to twist, wind, weave, plait
to wrap, enclose, cover

Alternative reconstructions

*wyeh₁-^[3]
*weyh₁-^[4]^[5]

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weh₁y- (23 c, 0 e)

*wéh₁y-ti
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wīˀtei ~ *weiˀtei
  - Lithuanian: vyti
  - Latvian: vīt(i)
  - Latgalian: veitʲ(i)
  - Proto-Slavic: *vìti
*uh₁y-éye-ti (“to wrap, plait”, éye-present)^[6]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *uHyáyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *uHyáyati
    - Sanskrit: व्ययति (vyáyati)
- Proto-Italic: *wijejō^[6]
  - Latin: vieō (“to bind, plait, weave”) (see there for further descendants)
*wi-né-h₁-ti^[3] (or *uh₁i-néH-ti)
- Proto-Celtic: *winīti (“to bend, enclose”)^[4] (or *winati)
  - Old Irish: ad·fen (“repay, requite”)
  - Old Irish: ar·fen
  - Old Irish: for·fen
  - Old Irish: im·fen (“enclose, hedge round”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wináHti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wináHti
    - Pali: vināti
    - Prakrit: *𑀯𑀺𑀡𑀇 (*viṇaï), *𑀯𑀼𑀡𑀇 (*vuṇaï, “weaves”)
      - Bengali: বুনা (buna)
      - Gujarati: વણવું (vaṇvũ)
      - Hindi: बुनना (bunnā)
      - Marathi: विणणे (viṇṇe)
      - Punjabi: ਬੁਨਣਾ (bunṇā)
    - ⇒ Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀡𑀡 n (viṇaṇa), 𑀯𑀼𑀡𑀡 n (vuṇaṇa, “weaving”), 𑀯𑀼𑀡𑀺𑀬 (vuṇiya, “woven”)
*uh₁i-t (zero-grade root aorist)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wīˀtei^[1] (see there for further descendants)
*wéh₁i-mn̥ ~ *uh₁i-mén-s (“plaiting”)^[6]^[2] (see there for further descendants)
*weh₁i-ro-s (“turned, twisted”)^[1]^[4]
- Proto-Celtic: *weiros (“crooked”)^[4] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *wīraz (“wire”) (see there for further descendants)
*weh₁i-s-^[1]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *weiˀš-
  - ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *weiˀšā́ˀtei
    - Proto-Slavic: *vixati
  - ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *weiˀšuras, *weiˀšulas (“whirlwind”)^[1] (see there for further descendants)
*wéh₁i-ti-s ~ *uh₁i-téy-s (“willow; that which twines or bends”)^[1] (see there for further descendants)
*uh₁i-kós^[2]
- Proto-Germanic: *waigaz (“a wall”) (see there for further descendants)
*uh₁y-ú-s^[2]
- Proto-Germanic: *wajjuz (“a wall”) (see there for further descendants)
*woh₁y-éh₂ (“branch, twig”)^[1]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wejā́ˀ^[1]
  - Proto-Slavic: *věja
    - Old Church Slavonic: вѣꙗ (věja)
    - Slovene: vȇja (tonal orthography)
    - ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *vějьka (“twig”)
      - Bulgarian: ве́йка (véjka)
      - Russian: ве́йка (véjka)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *waHyáH
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *waHyáH
    - Sanskrit: वया (vayā́)
*woyh₁-n-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *waiˀn-
  - ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *waiˀníkas (see there for further descendants)
  - ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *waiˀnukas
    - Latgalian: vaiņuks
    - Latvian: vaîņuks (dialectal)
    - Proto-Slavic: *věnъkъ (see there for further descendants)
*uh₁y-ḗn (possibly)
- Proto-Hellenic: *uyḗn
  - Ancient Greek: ὑιήν (huiḗn, “grapevine”)^[7]
*wéyh₁-ō ~ *wih₁-n-és (“(*product of the vine >) wine”) (possibly) (see there for further descendants)
*uh₁i-tó-s
- Proto-Celtic: *witos
  - Old Irish: fithe (“woven, plaited”)
*uh₁i-tu-s^[8]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Proto-Baltic:
    - Old Prussian: witwan^[9]
  - Proto-Slavic: *větvь (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *wítus
  - Ancient Greek: ἴτῠς (ítŭs, “felloe”)
    - Aeolic Greek: ϝῐ́τῠς (wĭ́tŭs)
- Proto-Italic: *witus
  - Latin: vitus (“felloe”)

Unsorted formations

Proto-Slavic: *vojь (“curve, turn”) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*viti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 522: “*uh₁i-”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*wajju-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 568: “*ueh₁i-”
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯i̯eh₁-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 695
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*wi-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421: “*weyh₁-”
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “vyā”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 604-5
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vieō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 677: “*u̯h₁i-éie”
^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 167
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἴτυς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 605
^ Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997), “witwan”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian]‎^[2] (in Lithuanian), Vilnius

[Derksen-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*viti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 522: “*uh₁i-”

[Kroonen-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*wajju-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 568: “*ueh₁i-”

[LIV-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯i̯eh₁-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 695

[Matasovic-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*wi-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421: “*weyh₁-”

[5] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “vyā”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 604-5

[DeVaan-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vieō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 677: “*u̯h₁i-éie”

[7] Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 167

[8] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἴτυς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 605

[9] Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997), “witwan”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian]‎^[2] (in Lithuanian), Vilnius

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