Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/puθráh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *putrás.

Noun

*puθráh m

1. son

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*puθráh	*puθrā́(w)	*puθrā́h(ah)
vocative	*púθra	*púθrā(w)	*púθrāh(ah)
accusative	*puθrám	*puθrā́(w)	*puθrā́nh
instrumental	*puθráH	*puθráybʰyā(m)	*puθrā́yš
ablative	*puθrā́t	*puθráybʰyā(m)	*puθráybʰyah
dative	*puθrā́y	*puθráybʰyā(m)	*puθráybʰyah
genitive	*puθráhya	*puθráyāh	*puθrā́naHam
locative	*puθráy	*puθráyaw	*puθráyšu

Derived terms

• *bagapuθrah

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian:
    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (pūra)
      • Wakhi: [Term?] (/⁠pɨtr, pətr⁠/)

        Arabic script: پوْتر, پوتر

        Cyrillic script: пытр (pitr), пәтр

    • Ossetian: фырт (fyrt)
  • Bactrian: πουρο (pouro)
    • → Classical Persian: پور (pūr)

      Dari: پور (pūr)

      Iranian Persian: پور (pūr)

      Tajik: пур (pur)

  • Khwarezmian: پر (pr /⁠*pir ~ *pər⁠/)
  • Sogdian: (/⁠pəšē ~ pišē ~ piθrē⁠/)

    Sogdian script: 𐼾𐽁𐼷 (pšy), 𐼾𐼷𐼹𐽀𐼰𐼸 (pyδrʾk)

    Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫢𐫏 (pšy)

    Syriac script: ܦܝܯܪܐܟ (pyδrʾk)

• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: پسگ (pussag)
  • Northern Kurdish: pis (as in pismam, "uncle's son, male cousin"), por (as in pispor, "specialist")
  • Old Median:
    • Middle Median:
      • Kermanic:
        • Khunsari: pīr
        • Mahallati: pǖr
        • Nayini: pūr, pur
  • Parthian: (/⁠puhr⁠/)

    Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫇𐫍𐫡 (pwhr)

    Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭁𐭓𐭉 (BRY)

    • → Middle Persian: (/⁠puhr ~ buhr⁠/)

      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭥𐭤𐭫 (pwhl)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwhl)

  • Semnani: pīr
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: 𐎱𐎢𐏂 (p-u-ç /⁠puçaʰ⁠/)
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠pus, pusar⁠/)

      Middle Persian: 𐭡𐭥𐭤 (BRE)

      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫇𐫘 (pws), 𐫛𐫇𐫘𐫡 (pwsr)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pws), [Book Pahlavi needed] (BRE); [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwsl), [Book Pahlavi needed] (BREl)

      • Classical Persian: پس (pus), پسر (pusar)

        Dari: پس (pus), پسر (pesar)

        Iranian Persian: پس (pos), پسر (pesar)

        Tajik: пус (pus), писар (pisar)

      • Kumzari: پس (pas)
      • Lari: پس (pus) , پسر (pusar)