Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/legō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to collect”).[1]
Verb
[edit]*legō first-singular present indicative[1]
Inflection
[edit]| Inflection of *legō (third conjugation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | *legō | ||
| Perfect | *lēgai | ||
| Aorist | — | ||
| Past participle | *lektos | ||
| Present indicative | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | *legō | *legōr | |
| 2nd sing. | *leges | *legeso | |
| 3rd sing. | *leget | *legetor | |
| 1st plur. | *legomos | *legomor | |
| 2nd plur. | *legetes | *legemanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *legont | *legontor | |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | *legēs | *legēso? | |
| 3rd sing. | *legēd | *legētor | |
| 1st plur. | *legēmos? | *legēmor | |
| 2nd plur. | *legētes | *legēmanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *legēnt? | *legēntor | |
| Present optative | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | *legām | *legār | |
| 2nd sing. | *legās | *legāso | |
| 3rd sing. | *legād | *legātor | |
| 1st plur. | *legāmos | *legāmor | |
| 2nd plur. | *legātes | *legāmanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *legānd | *legāntor | |
| Perfect indicative | Active | ||
| 1st sing. | *lēgai | ||
| 2nd sing. | *lēgistai? | ||
| 3rd sing. | *lēgei | ||
| 1st plur. | *lēgme? | ||
| 2nd plur. | *lēge | ||
| 3rd plur. | *lēgēri | ||
| Aorist indicative | Active | ||
| 1st sing. | — | ||
| 2nd sing. | — | ||
| 3rd sing. | — | ||
| 1st plur. | — | ||
| 2nd plur. | — | ||
| 3rd plur. | — | ||
| Present imperative | Active | Passive | |
| 2nd sing. | *lege | *legeso | |
| 2nd plur. | *legete | — | |
| Future imperative | Active | ||
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *legetōd | ||
| Participles | Present | Past | |
| *legents | *lektos | ||
| Verbal nouns | Supine | ||
| Accusative | Ablative/Dative | ||
| *lektum | *lektūd? /
*lektou? |
||
| s-derivative | |||
| *legesi | |||
| The optative is only classified as such because it might reflect the PIE optative. However, the etymology of these formations is disputed, and it would evolve into the subjunctive in both Latin and Sabellic. The regular PIE subjunctive is the source of the Latin future. | |||
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₂leg- (“to care”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Verb
[edit]*legō first-singular present indicative
- to care
Inflection
[edit]| Inflection of *legō (third conjugation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | *legō | ||
| Perfect | *lēksai | ||
| Aorist | — | ||
| Past participle | *lektos | ||
| Present indicative | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | *legō | *legōr | |
| 2nd sing. | *leges | *legeso | |
| 3rd sing. | *leget | *legetor | |
| 1st plur. | *legomos | *legomor | |
| 2nd plur. | *legetes | *legemanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *legont | *legontor | |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | *legēs | *legēso? | |
| 3rd sing. | *legēd | *legētor | |
| 1st plur. | *legēmos? | *legēmor | |
| 2nd plur. | *legētes | *legēmanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *legēnt? | *legēntor | |
| Present optative | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | *legām | *legār | |
| 2nd sing. | *legās | *legāso | |
| 3rd sing. | *legād | *legātor | |
| 1st plur. | *legāmos | *legāmor | |
| 2nd plur. | *legātes | *legāmanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *legānd | *legāntor | |
| Perfect indicative | Active | ||
| 1st sing. | *lēksai | ||
| 2nd sing. | *lēksistai? | ||
| 3rd sing. | *lēksei | ||
| 1st plur. | *lēksme? | ||
| 2nd plur. | *lēkse | ||
| 3rd plur. | *lēksēri | ||
| Aorist indicative | Active | ||
| 1st sing. | — | ||
| 2nd sing. | — | ||
| 3rd sing. | — | ||
| 1st plur. | — | ||
| 2nd plur. | — | ||
| 3rd plur. | — | ||
| Present imperative | Active | Passive | |
| 2nd sing. | *lege | *legeso | |
| 2nd plur. | *legete | — | |
| Future imperative | Active | ||
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *legetōd | ||
| Participles | Present | Past | |
| *legents | *lektos | ||
| Verbal nouns | Supine | ||
| Accusative | Ablative/Dative | ||
| *lektum | *lektūd? /
*lektou? |
||
| s-derivative | |||
| *legesi | |||
| The optative is only classified as such because it might reflect the PIE optative. However, the etymology of these formations is disputed, and it would evolve into the subjunctive in both Latin and Sabellic. The regular PIE subjunctive is the source of the Latin future. | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Latin: *legō (only in dī-ligō, intel-legō, neg-legō (these may be derivatives of Latin legō, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-, but were at least influenced by this verb))
- ⇒ Latin: *religō (“to observe”)
- ⇒ Latin: religiō (“reverence”) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Latin: *religō (“to observe”)
- Oscan: leíguss
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “legō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 332-3
Categories:
- Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Italic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Italic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leǵ-
- Proto-Italic lemmas
- Proto-Italic verbs
- Proto-Italic third conjugation verbs
- Proto-Italic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂leg-