Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/banja

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *bānea, *bānja, balnia, from Latin balneum, balineum (“bath, bathing place”).

Noun

*banja f

1. bath, bathing, bathing place
2. dome
3. bulging, domed vessel
4. recess, depression, hollowed place

Declension

Declension of *banja (soft a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*banja	*banji	*banję̇
Accusative	*banjǫ	*banji	*banję̇
Genitive	*banję̇	*banju	*banjь
Locative	*banji	*banju	*banjasъ, *banjaxъ*
Dative	*banji	*banjama	*banjamъ
Instrumental	*banjejǫ, *banjǫ**	*banjama	*banjami
Vocative	*banje	*banji	*banję̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *banjati, *banjiti

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: банꙗ (banja)
    • Belarusian: ба́ня (bánja)
    • Russian: ба́ня (bánja)
      • → English: banya
    • Ukrainian: ба́ня (bánja)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: банꙗ (banja)

    Glagolitic: ⰱⰰⱀⱑ (banja)

  • Bulgarian: баня (banja)
  • Macedonian: бања (banja)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: ба̏ња

    Latin: bȁnja

  • Slovene: bánja (tonal orthography)

• West Slavic:
  • Czech: báň, báně
  • Polish: bania
  • Slovak: baňa
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: banja
    • Lower Sorbian: bańa, banja

• Other:
  • Hungarian: bánya
  • Romanian: baie (possibly)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “баня”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress
• Trubačev O. N., editor (1974), “*ban'a”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 01, Moscow: Nauka, page 151ff
• Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974) Słownik prasłowiański (in Polish), volume I, Wrocław: Polska Akademia Nauk, page 189f