Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěnь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śáiˀnas, probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱéh₃y-ō ~ *(s)ḱih₃-nés (“shade, shadow”) (alternatively reconstructed as *sḱeh₂(y)-). Akin to Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćaHyáH (“shadow”), Ancient Greek σκιά (skiá, “shadow”).

Noun

*sě̀nь f

1. shadow

Inflection

Declension of *sě̀nь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sě̀nь	*sě̀ni	*sě̀ni
genitive	*sě̀nī	*sě̀nьju, *sě̀ňu*	*sě̀nьjь, *sě̀nī*
dative	*sě̀ni	*sě̀nьma	*sě̀nьmъ
accusative	*sě̀nь	*sě̀ni	*sě̀ni
instrumental	*sě̀nьjǫ, *sě̀ňǭ*	*sě̀nьma	*sě̀nьmī
locative	*sě̀nī	*sě̀nьju, *sě̀ňu*	*sě̀nьxъ
vocative	*sěni	*sě̀ni	*sě̀ni

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

See also

• *stěnь (“shadow”)
• *těnь (“shade”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: сѣни (sěni)
    • Belarusian: се́ні (sjéni)
    • Russian: се́нь (sénʹ), се́ни (séni)
    • Ukrainian: сі́ни (síny)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: сѣнь (sěnĭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱄⱑⱀⰻ (sěni)

  • Bulgarian: сен (sen), ся́нка (sjánka)
  • Macedonian: сенка (senka)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: се̏на, сје̏на

    Latin: sȅna, sjȅna

  • Slovene: sе̣̑nса (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: síň
  • Polish: sień
  • Slovak: sieň
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: seń
    • Upper Sorbian: seń

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сень”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сен”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 609