Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъpati

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *supn-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *supn- +‎ *-ati, from *swep- (“to sleep”). Cognate with Lithuanian sapnuoti (“to dream”), Sanskrit स्वपति (svápati), स्वपिति (svápiti, “to sleep”), Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬟𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xᵛafsaiti, “to sleep”), Latin sōpīre (“to fall asleep”), Proto-Germanic *swefaną (“to sleep”), Old English swefan (“to sleep”) (whence obsolete English asweve (“to put to sleep, to stupefy”)). Also cognate with Proto-Germanic *swefnaz, Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos), Latin somnus, Old Irish súan. See also Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ (“sleep, dream”).

Verb[edit]

*sъpati impf[1][2]

  1. to sleep

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of *sъpati, *sъpa, *sъpitь (impf., intr., -a/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*sъpanьje *sъpati *sъpatъ *sъpalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *sъpavъ *sъpę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sъpaxъ *sъpa *sъpa *sъpľǫ *sъpiši *sъpitь
Dual *sъpaxově *sъpasta *sъpaste *sъpivě *sъpita *sъpite
Plural *sъpaxomъ *sъpaste *sъpašę *sъpimъ *sъpite *sъpętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sъpaaxъ *sъpaaše *sъpaaše — *sъpi *sъpi
Dual *sъpaaxově *sъpaašeta *sъpaašete *sъpivě *sъpita —
Plural *sъpaaxomъ *sъpaašete *sъpaaxǫ *sъpimъ *sъpite —
Conjugation of *sъpati, *sъpa, *sъpitь (impf., intr., -a/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*sъpanьje *sъpati *sъpatъ *sъpalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *sъpavъ *sъpę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sъpaxъ *sъpa *sъpa *sъpľǫ *sъpiši *sъpitь
Dual *sъpaxově *sъpasta *sъpaste *sъpivě *sъpita *sъpite
Plural *sъpaxomъ *sъpaste *sъpašę *sъpimъ *sъpite *sъpętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sъpaaxъ *sъpaaše *sъpaaše — *sъpi *sъpi
Dual *sъpaaxově *sъpaašeta *sъpaašete *sъpivě *sъpita —
Plural *sъpaaxomъ *sъpaašete *sъpaaxǫ *sъpimъ *sъpite —

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “спать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 192
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “спать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References[edit]

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъpati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 481
  2. ^ Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎[1], University of Vienna, page 6: “*sъpa̋ti”
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