Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrpъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*sьrpъ

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sírpas, from Proto-Indo-European *sr̥p-. Cognate with Latvian sirpis, Latvian sìrps; Hittite 𒊬𒉺 (šarpa-, “farming tool”), Sanskrit सृणि (sṛṇi), Ancient Greek ἅρπη (hárpē), Latin sarpō.

Noun

*sь̃rpъ or *sь̑rpъ m

1. sickle

Inflection

Declension of *sь̃rpъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sь̃rpъ	*sьrpà	*sьrpì
genitive	*sьrpà	*sьrpù	*sь̃rpъ
dative	*sьrpù	*sьrpòma	*sьrpòmъ
accusative	*sь̃rpъ	*sьrpà	*sьrpỳ
instrumental	*sьrpъ̀mь, *sьrpòmь*	*sьrpòma	*sь̃rpy
locative	*sьrpě̀	*sьrpù	*sь̃rpěxъ
vocative	*sьrpe	*sьrpà	*sьrpì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *sь̑rpъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sь̑rpъ	*sь̑rpa	*sь̑rpi
genitive	*sь̑rpa	*sьrpù	*sь̃rpъ
dative	*sь̑rpu	*sьrpomà	*sьrpòmъ
accusative	*sь̑rpъ	*sь̑rpa	*sь̑rpy
instrumental	*sь̑rpъmь, *sь̑rpomь*	*sьrpomà	*sьrpý
locative	*sь̑rpě	*sьrpù	*sьrpě̃xъ
vocative	*sьrpe	*sь̑rpa	*sь̑rpi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: сьрпъ (sĭrpŭ)
    • Belarusian: серп (sjerp)
    • Russian: серп (serp)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: серп (serp)
    • Ukrainian: серп (serp)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: срьпъ (srĭpŭ)

  • Bulgarian: сърп (sǎrp)
  • Macedonian: срп (srp)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ср̑п

    Latin script: sȓp

  • Slovene: sȓp (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: srp
    • Czech: srp
  • Polabian: sarp
  • Polish: sierp
  • Slovak: srp
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: sеrр
    • Upper Sorbian: serp

• Non-Slavic:
• → Proto-Finnic: *cirppi (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “серп”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress