Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ārï

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Räsänen reconstructs this root as *hārγï, which is then compared with Finnish paarma (“horsefly, gadfly”).

Chuvash and Kipchak languages at large seem to have adopted the compound *bal-kūrtnï (literally “honey maggot”) instead of *ārï.

Noun

*ārï

1. bee, wasp

Declension

Declension of *ārï

	singular 3)
nominative	*ārï
accusative	*ārïg, *ārïnï1)
genitive	*ārïnïŋ
dative	*ārïka
locative	*ārïda
ablative	*ārïdan
allative	*ārïgaru
instrumental 2)	*ārïn
equative 2)	*ārïča
similative 2)	*ārïlayu
comitative 2)	*ārïlïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Alternative reconstructions

• *(h)ārgï (per Räsänen)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • >? Bulgar: *ura
    • ⇒? Chuvash: тӗкӗлтура (tĕk̬ĕlt̬ura, “humble bee”) (tĕk̬ĕlt̬ĕ + *ura)

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: hârı
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: arı
    • Gagauz: aarı
    • Ottoman Turkish: آری (arı)
      • Turkish: arı
      • → Crimean Tatar: arı
  • Turkmen: ary
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: اَرِی (arı)
    • Chagatai: اری (arı)
      • Uzbek: ari
        • → Tajik: ору (oru)
      • Uyghur: ھەرە (here)
• Kipchak:
  • Mamluk-Kipchak: ارو (aru)
  • Kipchak-Nogai:
    • Kazakh: ара (ara)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: аары (aarı)
    • Southern Altai: адару (adaru), аару (aaru)
• Siberian Turkic:
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽶 (ʾʾry /⁠arï⁠/, “insect, bee”)
  • North Siberian Turkic:
    • Yakut: ыҥырыа (ïŋïrïa)
  • South Siberian Turkic:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: аар (aar)
      • Shor: аары (ārı)
    • Tofa: ары (arı)
    • Tuvan: ары (arı)
      • Kuu-Kizhi: ару (aru), ары (arï)
      • Kumandy-Kizhi: аары (aarï)

See also

Animals in Turkic
Dog	dog: *ï̄t	Hunting Dog	hunting dog: *eker	Hen	hen: *tiakïgu
Lark	lark: *torgay	Pigeon	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	Quail	quail: *bïldurčïn
Sparrow	sparrow: *serče	Hawk	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	Goose	goose: *kāŕ
Wolf	wolf: *bȫrü	Cow	cow: *ingek	Calf	calf: *buŕagu
Camel	camel: *tebe	Young Camel	young of camel: *kȫĺek, *botu	Horse	horse: *at
Foal	foal: *kulun	Worm	worm: *kūrt	Snake	snake: *yï̄lan
Fox	fox: *tilkü	goat	goat: *keči	He-goat	he-goat: *teke
Lion	lion: *arsïlan	Fish	fish: *bālïk	Abramis brama	carp bream: *čapak
Donkey	donkey: *eĺčgek	Carp	carp: *siāŕgan	Catfish	catfish: *yāyïn
Beaver	beaver: *kunduŕ	Hedgehog	hedgehog: *kirpi	Badger	badger: *borsmuk
Fly	fly, mosquito: *siŋek	Bee	wasp, bee: *ārï	Gadlfy	gadfly: *bȫgen
Moth	moth: *küńe	Louse	louse: *bït	Earthworm	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
Yak	yak: *kotuz	Colt	colt: *sïp	Dragon	dragon: *siāŕgan
Worm	worm: *kūrt	Deer	deer: *keyik, *sïgun, *bulan, *bugu	Lizard	lizard: *keleŕ

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972), “arı:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 196, 197
• Räsänen, Martti (1969), Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 25, 26
• Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill