Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kāp

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 匣 (haep) Compare to Proto-Mongolic *kabtaga(n) (“sack”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?). Not to be confused with *kap- (“to close”).

Noun

*kāp

1. sack

Derived terms

• *kāpa- (“to surround”)
• *kāpla- (“to cover”)
  • *kāplama (“covering, coating”)
• *kāplïg
• *kāpsa- (“to include”)
• *kāpsïŕ

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: قَابْ (qap)
    • Azerbaijani: qab
      • → Talysh: ğab
      • → Persian: قاب (qâb)
        • → Pashto: غاب (ğāb)
    • Gagauz: kap (kab-)
    • Ottoman Turkish: قاب (kab)
      • Turkish: kap (kab-)
  • Salar: xap
  • Turkmen: gāp (gāb-)
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qap)
    • Uyghur: قاپ (qap)
    • Uzbek: qop
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ҡап (qap), (diminutive) ҡапсыҡ (qapsıq)
    • Tatar: [script needed] (qap)
  • West-Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: qap
    • Kumyk: [script needed] (qap)
    • Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (qap)
    • Karaim: [script needed] (qap)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: qap
      • Kazakh: қап (qap)
      • Nogai: [script needed] (qap)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: кап (kap)
      • Southern Altai: кап (kap)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: kāp
    • Western Yugur: qap
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: [script needed] (qap)
      • Tofa: [script needed] (qap)
    • Yenisei:
      • Shor: [script needed] (qap)
      • Khakas: [script needed] (xap)

References

• Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*Kāp”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill