Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yẹ̄miĺč

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yẹ̄miĺč

1. fruits

Declension

Declension of *yẹ̄miĺč

	singular 3)
nominative	*yẹ̄miĺč
accusative	*yẹ̄miĺčig, *yẹ̄miĺčni1)
genitive	*yẹ̄miĺčniŋ
dative	*yẹ̄miĺčke
locative	*yẹ̄miĺčde
ablative	*yẹ̄miĺčden
allative	*yẹ̄miĺčgerü
instrumental 2)	*yẹ̄miĺčin
equative 2)	*yẹ̄miĺčče
similative 2)	*yẹ̄miĺčleyü
comitative 2)	*yẹ̄miĺčligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

• Proto-Turkic: *yẹ̄miĺčen

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Proto-Bulgar:
    • Volga Bulgar:
      • Chuvash: ҫимӗҫ (śimĕś)
    • → Hungarian: gyümölcs
• Proto-Common Turkic: *yẹ̄miš

• Oghuz:
  • Proto-Oghuz: *yẹ̄miş
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: ييمش (yimiş)
      • Azerbaijani: yemiş
      • Gagauz: emiş
      • Ottoman Turkish: یمش (yemiş), یمیش (yemiş)
        • Turkish: yemiş
        • → Armenian: եմիշ (emiš)
        • → Egyptian Arabic: يميش (yamīš), يامش (yāmiš)
        • → Northern Kurdish: êmîş
        • → Macedonian: емиш (emiš)
        • → Serbo-Croatian:

          Cyrillic script: јемиш

          Latin script: jemiš

    • Salar: yimiş
    • Turkmen: iýmiş
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: يَمِشْ (yemiş)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (yémiş)
      • Chagatai: [script needed] (yémiş)
        • Uyghur: [script needed] (yemiş)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: емеш (yemeş)
    • Tatar: йимеш (yimeş), җимеш (cimeş)
    • → Udmurt: емыш (jemyš)
  • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Cuman: yemis
      • Mamluk-Kipchak: يامش (yemiş)
      • Crimean Tatar: yemiş
      • Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (ǯemiš)
      • Kumyk: емиш (yemiş)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: жеміс (jemıs)
      • Karakalpak: jemis
      • → Middle Mongol: ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ (ǰimis)
        • Buryat: жэмэс (žemes)
        • Mongolian: жимс (žims)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жимеш (jimeş)
      • Southern Altai: јемиш (ǰemiš)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yemiş)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: чемиш (çemiş)
    • Yeniseian Turkic:
      • Khakas: ниміс (nimìs)

See also

Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
Barley	barley: *arpa	Pea	beans, peas: *burčak	Wheat	farro, wheat: *bugday
Jujube	jujube: *yidge	Alaska wild berries	berry: *yidgelek	Strawberry	strawberry: *čige, *čigelek
Apple	apple: *almïla	Walnuts	walnut: *yaŋgak	Honey	honey: *bal
Millet	millet: *tarïg	Onion	onion: *sōgun	Salt	salt: *tūŕ
Egg	egg: *yumurtka	Butter	butter: *yāg	Mushroom	mushroom: *kömbe
Radish	radish: *turp, *turma	Carrot	carrot: *turma	Hazelnuts	hazelnut: *bōńurï

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972), “yémiş”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 938
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “yemiş”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969), Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 197
• Róna-Tas, András; Berta, Árpád; Károly, László (2011), West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume I, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 417-418