Sumatra

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian Sumatera, from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra, “sea”). Mentioned in the 11th century in Sanskrit as समुद्रभूमि (samudrabhūmi, “land of Sumatra”), gradually replacing the earlier सुवर्णद्वीप (suvarṇadvīpa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːˈmɑːtɹə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Proper noun

Sumatra

2. The largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island.

Holonyms

• Greater Sunda Islands

Derived terms

• Sumatran

Translations

the largest island of Indonesia

• Acehnese: Ruja
• Afrikaans: Soematra
• Albanian: Sumatra
• Amharic: ሱማትራ (sumatra)
• Arabic: سُومَطْرَة f (sūmaṭra)
• Armenian: Սումատրա (Sumatra)
• Azerbaijani: Sumatra
• Balinese: Sumatra
• Banjarese: Sumatera, Sumatra
• Belarusian: Сума́тра f (Sumátra)
• Bengali: সুমাত্রা (bn) (śumatra)
• Bulgarian: Сума́тра f (Sumátra)
• Burmese: ဆူမတြာ (hcuma.tra)
• Catalan: Sumatra (ca)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 蘇門答臘 / 苏门答腊 (sou¹ mun⁴ daap³ laap⁶)

  Mandarin: 蘇門答臘 / 苏门答腊 (zh) (Sūméndálà)

• Czech: Sumatra (cs) f
• Danish: Sumatra
• Dutch: Sumatra (nl)
• Estonian: Sumatra (et)
• Finnish: Sumatra (fi)
• French: Sumatra (fr) f
• Georgian: სუმატრა (sumaṭra)
• German: Sumatra (de) n
• Gorontalo: Sumatra (gor)
• Greek: Σουμάτρα (el) (Soumátra)
• Hebrew: סומטרה
• Hindi: सुमात्रा (hi) m (sumātrā)
• Hungarian: Szumátra (hu)
• Icelandic: Súmatra
• Indonesian: Sumatera (id)
• Italian: Sumatra
• Japanese: スマトラ (Sumatora)
• Javanese: Sumatra
• Kazakh: Суматра (Sumatra)
• Khmer: សូម៉ាត្រា (soomaatraa)
• Korean: 수마트라 (Sumateura)
• Latin: Sumatra
• Latvian: Sumatra
• Lithuanian: Sumatra
• Macedonian: Сума́тра f (Sumátra)
• Madurese: Somattra
• Malagasy: Somatra
• Malay: Sumatera (ms)
• Malayalam: സുമാത്ര (sumātra)
• Marathi: सुमात्रा (sumātrā)
• Minangkabau: Sumatera
• Nepali: सुमात्रा (sumātrā)
• Odia: ସୁମାତ୍ରା (sumātrā)
• Persian: سوماترا (fa)
• Polish: Sumatra (pl) f
• Portuguese: Sumatra, Samatra
• Romanian: Sumatra
• Russian: Сума́тра (ru) f (Sumátra)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Суматра f

  Roman: Sumatra (sh) f

• Slovak: Sumatra
• Slovene: Sumatra
• Spanish: Sumatra, Sumatera
• Sundanese: Sumatra
• Swedish: Sumatra (sv)
• Tagalog: Sumatra
• Tamil: சுமாத்திரா (cumāttirā)
• Thai: สุมาตรา (sùmâatdtraa)
• Toba Batak: Sumatra
• Turkish: Sumatra (tr)
• Ukrainian: Сума́тра f (Sumátra)
• Urdu: سماٹرا
• Uzbek: Sumatra

Noun

Sumatra (plural Sumatras)

1. (Singapore, formerly) A squall or violent rainstorm coming from the south.
   • 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 119:

     In the Straits of Malacca one encounters a squall every night; there they are known by the name of Sumatras, crossing as they do from the island bearing that name.

2. A chicken of a breed native to the island of Sumatra, formerly used in cock-fighting and now mainly kept for exhibition.

References

• (squall or rainstorm): Henry Yule; A[rthur] C[oke] Burnell (1903), “Sumatra”, in William Crooke, editor, Hobson-Jobson […] , London: John Murray, […].

Anagrams

• Muratas, Tamuras, traumas

Cebuano

Etymology

From Indonesian Sumatra, from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra, “sea”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ca‧tag‧bo

Proper noun

Sumatra

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)
2. a surname from Sanskrit

Czech

Proper noun

Sumatra f (relational adjective sumaterský, demonym Sumatřan, female demonym Sumatřanka)

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Declension

Declension of Sumatra (sg-only hard feminine)

	singular
nominative	Sumatra
genitive	Sumatry
dative	Sumatře
accusative	Sumatru
vocative	Sumatro
locative	Sumatře
instrumental	Sumatrou

Further reading

• “Sumatra”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “Sumatra”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian Sumatra or Latin Sumatra (from Italian), used by Ludovico di Varthema in his travelogue, ultimately from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌsyˈmaː.traː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Su‧ma‧tra

Proper noun

Sumatra n

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island) [from 16th c.]

Derived terms

• Sumatraan

Finnish

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑtrɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝t̪rɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -umɑtrɑ
• Syllabification^(key): Su‧mat‧ra
• Hyphenation^(key): Su‧mat‧ra

Proper noun

Sumatra

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Declension

Inflection of Sumatra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		Sumatra	(Sumatrat)
genitive		Sumatran	(Sumatrojen)
partitive		Sumatraa	(Sumatroja)
illative		Sumatraan	(Sumatroihin)
		singular	plural
nominative		Sumatra	(Sumatrat)
accusative	nom.	Sumatra	(Sumatrat)
	gen.	Sumatran
genitive		Sumatran	(Sumatrojen) (Sumatrain rare)
partitive		Sumatraa	(Sumatroja)
inessive		Sumatrassa	(Sumatroissa)
elative		Sumatrasta	(Sumatroista)
illative		Sumatraan	(Sumatroihin)
adessive		Sumatralla	(Sumatroilla)
ablative		Sumatralta	(Sumatroilta)
allative		Sumatralle	(Sumatroille)
essive		Sumatrana	(Sumatroina)
translative		Sumatraksi	(Sumatroiksi)
abessive		Sumatratta	(Sumatroitta)
instructive		—	(Sumatroin)
comitative		See the possessive forms below.
Plural forms of this word are not commonly used, but might be found in figurative uses, in some set phrases or in colloquial language.

Possessive forms of Sumatra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Sumatrani (Sumatrani) accusative nom. Sumatrani (Sumatrani) gen. Sumatrani genitive Sumatrani (Sumatrojeni) (Sumatraini rare) partitive Sumatraani (Sumatrojani) inessive Sumatrassani (Sumatroissani) elative Sumatrastani (Sumatroistani) illative Sumatraani (Sumatroihini) adessive Sumatrallani (Sumatroillani) ablative Sumatraltani (Sumatroiltani) allative Sumatralleni (Sumatroilleni) essive Sumatranani (Sumatroinani) translative Sumatrakseni (Sumatroikseni) abessive Sumatrattani (Sumatroittani) instructive — — comitative — (Sumatroineni) Plural forms of this word are not commonly used, but might be found in figurative uses, in some set phrases or in colloquial language. second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Sumatrasi (Sumatrasi) accusative nom. Sumatrasi (Sumatrasi) gen. Sumatrasi genitive Sumatrasi (Sumatrojesi) (Sumatraisi rare) partitive Sumatraasi (Sumatrojasi) inessive Sumatrassasi (Sumatroissasi) elative Sumatrastasi (Sumatroistasi) illative Sumatraasi (Sumatroihisi) adessive Sumatrallasi (Sumatroillasi) ablative Sumatraltasi (Sumatroiltasi) allative Sumatrallesi (Sumatroillesi) essive Sumatranasi (Sumatroinasi) translative Sumatraksesi (Sumatroiksesi) abessive Sumatrattasi (Sumatroittasi) instructive — — comitative — (Sumatroinesi) Plural forms of this word are not commonly used, but might be found in figurative uses, in some set phrases or in colloquial language. first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Sumatramme (Sumatramme) accusative nom. Sumatramme (Sumatramme) gen. Sumatramme genitive Sumatramme (Sumatrojemme) (Sumatraimme rare) partitive Sumatraamme (Sumatrojamme) inessive Sumatrassamme (Sumatroissamme) elative Sumatrastamme (Sumatroistamme) illative Sumatraamme (Sumatroihimme) adessive Sumatrallamme (Sumatroillamme) ablative Sumatraltamme (Sumatroiltamme) allative Sumatrallemme (Sumatroillemme) essive Sumatranamme (Sumatroinamme) translative Sumatraksemme (Sumatroiksemme) abessive Sumatrattamme (Sumatroittamme) instructive — — comitative — (Sumatroinemme) Plural forms of this word are not commonly used, but might be found in figurative uses, in some set phrases or in colloquial language. second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Sumatranne (Sumatranne) accusative nom. Sumatranne (Sumatranne) gen. Sumatranne genitive Sumatranne (Sumatrojenne) (Sumatrainne rare) partitive Sumatraanne (Sumatrojanne) inessive Sumatrassanne (Sumatroissanne) elative Sumatrastanne (Sumatroistanne) illative Sumatraanne (Sumatroihinne) adessive Sumatrallanne (Sumatroillanne) ablative Sumatraltanne (Sumatroiltanne) allative Sumatrallenne (Sumatroillenne) essive Sumatrananne (Sumatroinanne) translative Sumatraksenne (Sumatroiksenne) abessive Sumatrattanne (Sumatroittanne) instructive — — comitative — (Sumatroinenne) Plural forms of this word are not commonly used, but might be found in figurative uses, in some set phrases or in colloquial language. third-person possessor singular plural nominative Sumatransa (Sumatransa) accusative nom. Sumatransa (Sumatransa) gen. Sumatransa genitive Sumatransa (Sumatrojensa) (Sumatrainsa rare) partitive Sumatraansa (Sumatrojaan) (Sumatrojansa) inessive Sumatrassaan Sumatrassansa (Sumatroissaan) (Sumatroissansa) elative Sumatrastaan Sumatrastansa (Sumatroistaan) (Sumatroistansa) illative Sumatraansa (Sumatroihinsa) adessive Sumatrallaan Sumatrallansa (Sumatroillaan) (Sumatroillansa) ablative Sumatraltaan Sumatraltansa (Sumatroiltaan) (Sumatroiltansa) allative Sumatralleen Sumatrallensa (Sumatroilleen) (Sumatroillensa) essive Sumatranaan Sumatranansa (Sumatroinaan) (Sumatroinansa) translative Sumatrakseen Sumatraksensa (Sumatroikseen) (Sumatroiksensa) abessive Sumatrattaan Sumatrattansa (Sumatroittaan) (Sumatroittansa) instructive — — comitative — (Sumatroineen) (Sumatroinensa) Plural forms of this word are not commonly used, but might be found in figurative uses, in some set phrases or in colloquial language.

Derived terms

• sumatralainen
• sumatrankaniini
• sumatranoranki
• sumatransarvikuono

Anagrams

• surmata

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sy.ma.tʁa/

Proper noun

Sumatra m

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Derived terms

• sumatrien

German

Pronunciation

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Proper noun

Sumatra n (proper noun, genitive Sumatras or (optionally with an article) Sumatra)

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra, “sea”).

Proper noun

Sumatra

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Descendants

• → English: Sumatra

Italian

Etymology

From Indonesian Sumatra, from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra, “sea”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suˈma.tra/
• Rhymes: -atra
• Hyphenation: Su‧mà‧tra

Proper noun

Sumatra f

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Anagrams

• smurata

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suˈma.tra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -atra
• Syllabification: Su‧ma‧tra

Proper noun

Sumatra f

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Declension

Declension of Sumatra

	singular
nominative	Sumatra
genitive	Sumatry
dative	Sumatrze
accusative	Sumatrę
instrumental	Sumatrą
locative	Sumatrze
vocative	Sumatro

Further reading

• Sumatra in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• Samatra

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suˈma.tɾɐ/

• Hyphenation: Su‧ma‧tra

Proper noun

Sumatra f

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sǔmatra/
• Hyphenation: Su‧mat‧ra

Proper noun

Sùmatra f (Cyrillic spelling Су̀матра)

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Declension

Declension of Sumatra

	singular
nominative	Sumatra
genitive	Sumatre
dative	Sumatri
accusative	Sumatru
vocative	Sumatro / Sumatra
locative	Sumatri
instrumental	Sumatrom

References

• “Sumatra”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Spanish

Alternative forms

• Sumatera

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suˈmatɾa/ [suˈma.t̪ɾa]
• Rhymes: -atɾa
• Syllabification: Su‧ma‧tra

Proper noun

Sumatra f

1. Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)

Derived terms

• rinoceronte de Sumatra
• tigre de Sumatra