User:Allahverdi Verdizade/dik-

Alternative recosntruction

• *tïk- (Clauson)

Adjective

*dik-

1. vertical, upright

Descendants

• Old Turkic:
• Karluk
  • • Uyghur: تىك (tik, “steep, vertical”)
    • Uzbek: tik (“vertical, upstanding”)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: текә (tekə, “steep”)
    • Tatar: текә (tekä, “steep”)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: tik (“steep”)
    • Karachay-Balkar: тик (tik, “steep”)
    • Kumyk: тик (tik, “steep”)

• • Central Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: тік (tık, “steep”)
    • Karakalpak:
    • Nogai:
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: тик (tik), тике (tike, “steep, vertical”)
    • Southern Altai:
• Oghuz
  • Azerbaijani: dik (“steep”)
  • Gagauz: dik (“proud”)
  • Turkish: dik
  • Turkmen: dik (“steep, vertical”)
• Siberian
  • South Siberian
    • Yenisei
      • Khakas:
      • Shor:
      • Western Yugur:
    • Sayan Turkic
      • Tofa:
      • Tuvan:

Verb

*dik-

1. to put vertically

Descendants

• Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰃𐰚 (tik-, “to erect”)
• Oghur
  • Chuvash: чик (čik)
• Karluk
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (tikmēk, “to plant; to sew; to stick in”)
    • Uyghur: تىكمەك (tikmek, “to seam”)
    • Uzbek: tikmoq (“to sew”)
• Kipchak: [script needed] (kök)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: тегеү (tegew, “to sew”)
    • Tatar: тегү (tegü, “to sew”)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: tıqmaq (“to shove in”)
    • Karachay-Balkar: тигерге (tigerge, “to sew”)
    • Karaim: тикмэк (“to sew”)
    • Kumyk: тикмек (tikmek, “to sew; to build; to sting, to bite”)
  • Central Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: тігу (tıgu)
    • Karakalpak:
    • Nogai:
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: тик (tik, “to erect a yurt”)
    • Southern Altai:
• Oghuz
  • Azerbaijani: dikmək (“to lower; to bury, put into soil”), tikmək (“to sew; to build;”)
  • Gagauz: dikmää (“to plant; to sew; to set”)
  • Turkish: dikmek
  • Turkmen:
• Siberian
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: тик (“to sew”)
    • Yakut: тик (tik, “to sting, bite”)
  • South Siberian
    • Yenisei
      • Khakas:
      • Shor:
      • Western Yugur:
    • Sayan Turkic
      • Tofa:
      • Tuvan:

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*dik-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “чик”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 325
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dikmek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “tık-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 466