User:Jaspet/Proto-Afro-Asiatic

This page is intended to be an appendix for Proto-Afro-Asiatic reconstructions.

Current Proto-Afro-Asiatic redlinks

See User:Jaspet/Afro-Asiatic protolanguage redlinks#Proto-Afro-Asiatic for a list of Proto-Afro-Asiatic reconstructions, mentioned in Wiktionary entries, which lack entries of their own (are redlinks).

General References

• Bomhard, Allan R.; Kerns, John C. (1994) The Nostratic Macrofamily: A Study in Distant Linguistic Relationship →ISBN

• Bomhard, Allan R. (2014) Afrasian Comparative Phonology and Vocabulary‎^[3], Charleston, South Carolina, →ISBN.

• Ehret, Christopher (1995) Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): Vowels, Tone, Consonants, and Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics; 126)‎^[4], Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, →ISBN.

• Orel, Vladimir E.; Stolbova, Olga V. (1995) Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary: Materials for a Reconstruction (Handbuch der Orientalistik, Erste Abteilung). Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill.

Reconstruction:Proto-Afro-Asiatic/ḳ(ʷ)aras-

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic

Alternative reconstructions

• *ḳVrVs- (“to freeze”)

Etymology

Derived from the root *ḳ(ʷ)ar- (“to be cold”) plus probably *-as (causative suffix).

Root

*ḳ(ʷ)aras-

1. (transitive) to freeze; (stative) to be freezing

Reconstruction:Proto-Afro-Asiatic/ḳ(ʷ)ar(ar)-

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic

Alternative reconstructions

• *ḳar- (“to be cold”) and *ḳʷVrVr- (“cold”) separately
• *k’ʷar- (“to be cold; cold, coldness”)

Root

ḳ(ʷ)ar(ar)-

1. (stative) to be cold

Derived terms

• *ḳ(ʷ)aras- (“to freeze”)

Descendants

• Proto-Chadic:
  • Proto-West Chadic: *ḳarar- (“cold (of water, weather)”)
    • Hausa: ƙararaa (“cold (of water, weather)”)
• Proto-Cushitic: *ḳor(r)- (“intense cold”)
• Proto-Semitic: *ḳar-ar- (“to be cold”)