acetum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin acetum

Noun

acetum (plural acetums)

1. (obsolete) vinegar (sometimes medicated)

Anagrams

• cumate, mucate

---

Latin

Etymology

From aceō (“to be sour”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /aˈkeː.tum/, [äˈkeːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /aˈt͡ʃe.tum/, [ɑˈt͡ʃɛːt̪um]

Noun

acētum n (genitive acētī); second declension

1. vinegar
   • 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 4.37:

     Nepōtātus sūmptibus omnium prōdigōrum ingenia superāvit, commentus novum balneārum ūsum, portentōsissima genera cibōrum atque cēnārum, ut calidīs frīgidīsque unguentīs lavārētur, prētiōsissima margarīta acētō liquefacta sorbēret, convīvīs ex aurō pānēs et obsōnia appōneret, aut frūgī hominem esse oportere dictitāns aut Caesarem.

     • 1889 translation by Alexander Thomson

       In the devices of his profuse expenditure, he surpassed all the prodigals that ever lived; inventing a new kind of bath, with strange dishes and suppers, washing in precious unguents, both warm and cold, drinking pearls of immense value dissolved in vinegar, and serving up for his guests loaves and other victuals modelled in gold; often saying, " that a man ought either to be a good economist or an emperor."

2. (figuratively) wit, shrewdness

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	acētum	acēta
Genitive	acētī	acētōrum
Dative	acētō	acētīs
Accusative	acētum	acēta
Ablative	acētō	acētīs
Vocative	acētum	acēta

Derived terms

• acētābulum
• acētāria
• acetulum
  • Old French: aisin
    • → Middle Dutch: aisine, aysijn, aysine
      • Dutch: azijn
        • Afrikaans: asyn
      • Limburgish: azien, ezien
• *acētillum (Late Latin)
  • Old French: aisil
    • → Middle English: aisel, aisille, aysel
      • English: eisel, eisell (obsolete)
      • → Welsh: aesel

Descendants

• Lombard: asee
• Italo-Dalmatian
  • Dalmatian: acait
  • Istriot: azì
  • Italian: aceto
  • Neapolitan: acìto
  • Sicilian: acitu
• Rhaeto-Romance
  • Friulian: asêt
  • Romansch: aschieu, ischiu, aschaid
• Sardinian: achedu, aghedu, achetu
• Venetian: axedo, axédo, axéo
• West Iberian
  • Old Portuguese: azedo
    • Galician: acedo
    • Portuguese: azedo
  • Spanish: acedo

Borrowings

• English: acetate, acetum
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍄 (akeit), 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐍄 (akēt)
• Middle Dutch: edic
  • Dutch: edik, eek
  • Limburgish: aek
• Middle Low German: edik
  • German Low German: Etig, Ätig
  • → Old Norse: edik
    • Danish: eddike
    • Faroese: edikur
    • Icelandic: edik
    • Norwegian Bokmål: eddik, acet-, aceto-, acetat
    • Swedish: ättika
    • Westrobothnian: ätik, etik
• Old English: æċed, eċed, æċċed
• Old High German: ezzih (see there for further descendants)
• Old Irish: aicét, aigéd
  • Irish: aigéad (“acid”)
• Slavic: *ocьtъ (see there for further descendants)
• West Frisian: jittik

References

• acetum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• acetum in Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1891
• acetum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• acetum in Gaffiot, Félix, Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette, 1934
• acetum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor, Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1898