alam
Estonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ultimately derived from ala (“area”).
Noun[edit]
alam (genitive alama, partitive alama)
- inferior, something or someone that is of a lower standing
Inflection[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | alam | alamad |
accusative | alama | alamad |
genitive | alama | alamate |
partitive | alamat | alamaid |
illative | alamasse | alamatesse alamaisse |
inessive | alamas | alamates alamais |
elative | alamast | alamatest alamaist |
allative | alamale | alamatele alamaile |
adessive | alamal | alamatel alamail |
ablative | alamalt | alamatelt alamailt |
translative | alamaks | alamateks alamaiks |
terminative | alamani | alamateni |
essive | alamana | alamatena |
abessive | alamata | alamateta |
comitative | alamaga | alamatega |
Derived terms[edit]
Hiligaynon[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Malay alam, from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
álam
Derived terms[edit]
Indonesian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Malay alam, from Classical Malay عالم (alam), from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).[1]
Noun[edit]
alam (first-person possessive alamku, second-person possessive alammu, third-person possessive alamnya)
- universe: the sum of everything that exists in the cosmos, including time and space itself.
- nature: the natural world; that which consists of all things unaffected by or predating human technology, production, and design.
- world
- Synonym: dunia
- realm: a territory or state, as ruled by a specific power, especially by a king.
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam, “flag, banner; authority, distinguished man”).[2]
Noun[edit]
alam
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Erwina Burhanuddin; Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan; R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian][1], Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC
- ^ Erwina Burhanuddin; Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan; R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian][2], Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC
Further reading[edit]
- “alam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Kavalan[edit]
Noun[edit]
alam
Lacandon[edit]
Adverb[edit]
alam
Latin[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- ālam: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈaː.lam/, [ˈäːɫ̪ä̃ˑ]
- ālam: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.lam/, [ˈäːläm]
- alam: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈa.lam/, [ˈäɫ̪ä̃ˑ]
- alam: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.lam/, [ˈäːläm]
Noun[edit]
ālam f
Verb[edit]
alam
- inflection of alō:
Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- Rhymes: -am
Noun[edit]
alam (Jawi spelling عالم, plural alam-alam, informal 1st possessive alamku, 2nd possessive alammu, 3rd possessive alamnya)
- realm, world
- field (of interest)
- (biology, taxonomy) kingdom: A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).
- Synonym: kerajaan (Indonesian)
Derived terms[edit]
- alam baqa (“afterlife”)
- alam barzakh (“Islamic afterlife”)
- alam maya (“social media”)
- alam semesta (“universe”)
Descendants[edit]
- Indonesian: alam
Further reading[edit]
- “alam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Portuguese[edit]
Verb[edit]
alam
Tagalog[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Compare Bikol Central aram. See also Malay alam.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Hyphenation: a‧lam
- IPA(key): /ʔaˈlam/, [ʔɐˈlam]
- IPA(key): /ˈʔalam/, [ˈʔa.lɐm] (now uncommon)
- Rhymes: -alam
Noun[edit]
alám or alam (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜋ᜔)
- knowledge; learning; wisdom
- understanding; sense
- Synonym: unawa
- involvement; participation
- (obsolete) goodwill; kindheartedness
- Synonyms: bait, mabuting-loob
- Malaking lubha ang alam ng loob mo.
- The kindness of your heart is too great.
- (obsolete) gentleness; meekness
- Synonym: amo
- (obsolete) affability
Adjective[edit]
alám (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜋ᜔)
Derived terms[edit]
- alaman
- alamin
- bigay-alam
- dalub-alaman
- hindi alam
- hindi ko alam
- ipaalam
- ipaalam
- ipagbigay-alam
- kaalam
- kaalam-alam
- kaalaman
- kawalang-alam
- kawalang-alam
- kinalaman
- maalam
- magbigay-alam
- magkaalaman
- makaalam
- makialam
- makipag-alam
- malaman
- mapag-alaman
- mapakialam
- nakaaalam
- nakakaalam
- pagbibigay-alam
- pagbigay-alaman
- pagbigyang-alam
- pagkaalam
- pagkakaalam
- pagmaalaman
- pagmamaalam
- pakialam
- pakialaman
- pakialamera
- pakialamero
- pakikipag-alam
- umalam
- walang-kinalaman
- walang-nalalaman
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
alam (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜋ᜔)
- (obsolete) notification or request asking permission to go
Usage notes[edit]
- Now only used in derived terms
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “alam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018
- Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves[3] (in Spanish & Tagalog), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
- San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero[4], La Noble Villa de Pila
- page 27: “Afabilidad) Alam (pp) y buena cõdiciõ”
- page 96: “Auiſar) Alam (pc) haçiendo ſaver algo a alguno”
- page 108: “Benignidad) Alam (pp) de coraçon”
- page 108: “Benigno) Alam (pp) y manſo de coraçon”
- page 110: “Bienacondicionado) Alam (pp) benigno y manſo”
- page 124: “Buena condiçion) Alam (pp) y afable”
- page 180: “Condiçion) Alam (pp) buena”
- page 183: “Consorte) Alam (pp) en lo que hiço alguno, caalam, el tal conſorte”
- page 214: “Dar) Alam [(pp)] licençia al que la pide”
- page 244: “Deſpedirſe) Alam (pp) pidiendo licençia”
- page 389: “Liçençia) Alam (pp) [pedir a] alguno para irſe”
- page 406: “Manſedumbre) Alam (pp) interior y exterior”
- page 406: “Manſo) Alam (pp) que de nada ſe altera”
- page 444: “Noble) Alam (pp) de condiçion y bondad”
- page 446: “Noſe) Alam (pp) loque [ſe me] pregunta”
- page 472: “Pedir) Alam (pp) liçençia para irſe”
- page 538: “Saber) Alam (pp) alguna coſa”
- page 538: “Sabiduria) Alam [(pp)]”
- page 602: “Voluntad) Alam (pp) buena”
Ternate[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ultimately from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
alam
References[edit]
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Tok Pisin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
alam
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian õpik-type nominals
- Hiligaynon terms borrowed from Malay
- Hiligaynon terms derived from Malay
- Hiligaynon terms derived from Arabic
- Hiligaynon terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hiligaynon lemmas
- Hiligaynon nouns
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/alam
- Rhymes:Indonesian/alam/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Indonesian/lam
- Rhymes:Indonesian/lam/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Indonesian/am
- Rhymes:Indonesian/am/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Indonesian/m
- Rhymes:Indonesian/m/1 syllable
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Arabic
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries
- Kavalan lemmas
- Kavalan nouns
- Lacandon lemmas
- Lacandon adverbs
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms
- Latin verb forms
- Malay terms derived from Arabic
- Rhymes:Malay/am
- Rhymes:Malay/am/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Biology
- ms:Taxonomy
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/alam
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms with obsolete senses
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog adjectives
- Ternate terms derived from Arabic
- Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ternate lemmas
- Ternate nouns
- Tok Pisin terms derived from English
- Tok Pisin lemmas
- Tok Pisin nouns