amargar

Catalan

Etymology

From Late Latin amāricāre, present active infinitive of amāricō, from Latin amārus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /ə.məɾˈɡa/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ə.mərˈɡa/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /a.maɾˈɡaɾ/

Verb

amargar (first-person singular present amargo, past participle amargat)

1. to embitter

Conjugation

Conjugation of amargar (first conjugation)

infinitive			amargar
present participle			amargant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		amargat		amargada
		plural		amargats		amargades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	amargo	amargues	amarga	amarguem	amargueu	amarguen
	imperfect	amargava	amargaves	amargava	amargàvem	amargàveu	amargaven
	future	amargaré	amargaràs	amargarà	amargarem	amargareu	amargaran
	preterite	amarguí	amargares	amargà	amargàrem	amargàreu	amargaren
	conditional	amargaria	amargaries	amargaria	amargaríem	amargaríeu	amargarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	amargui	amarguis	amargui	amarguem	amargueu	amarguin
	imperfect	amargués	amarguessis	amargués	amarguéssim	amarguéssiu	amarguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
		—	amarga	amargui	amarguem	amargueu	amarguin

Related terms

• amarg

Further reading

• “amargar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

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Ladino

Verb

amargar (Latin spelling)

1. to embitter, sadden

Related terms

• amargo

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Portuguese

Etymology

From Late Latin amāricāre, present active infinitive of amāricō, from Latin amārus.

Pronunciation

• (Paulista) IPA^(key): /a.maɾ.ˈɡa(ɾ)/, /a.maɹ.ˈɡa(ɹ)/
• (South Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.maɾ.ˈɡa(ɾ)/, /a.maɻ.ˈɡa(ɻ)/

Verb

amargar (first-person singular present indicative amargo, past participle amargado)

1. to embitter (to cause to have an acrid taste)
2. (figuratively) to cause sorrow or grief

   Synonym: amargurar

3. (figuratively) to wallow in sorrow or grief

Conjugation

  Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb amargar

Notes:[edit] This is a regular verb of the -ar group. The last letter g is changed to gu depending on the following vowel, resulting in these three possible sequences: -ga-, -gue- and -go-. Verbs with this conjugation include: apagar, cegar, esmagar, largar, navegar, resmungar, sugar.
	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	amargar
Personal	amargar	amargares	amargar	amargarmos	amargardes	amargarem
Gerund
	amargando
Past participle
Masculine	amargado			amargados
Feminine	amargada			amargadas
Indicative
Present	amargo	amargas	amarga	amargamos	amargais	amargam
Imperfect	amargava	amargavas	amargava	amargávamos	amargáveis	amargavam
Preterite	amarguei	amargaste	amargou	amargamos amargámos	amargastes	amargaram
Pluperfect	amargara	amargaras	amargara	amargáramos	amargáreis	amargaram
Future	amargarei	amargarás	amargará	amargaremos	amargareis	amargarão
Conditional
	amargaria	amargarias	amargaria	amargaríamos	amargaríeis	amargariam
Subjunctive
Present	amargue	amargues	amargue	amarguemos	amargueis	amarguem
Imperfect	amargasse	amargasses	amargasse	amargássemos	amargásseis	amargassem
Future	amargar	amargares	amargar	amargarmos	amargardes	amargarem
Imperative
Affirmative	-	amarga	amargue	amarguemos	amargai	amarguem
Negative (não)	-	amargues	amargue	amarguemos	amargueis	amarguem

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:amargar.

Antonyms

• (to cause sorrow or grief): desamargar

Related terms

• amargo
• amargor
• amargoso
• armargura

Further reading

• “amargar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

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Spanish

Etymology

From Late Latin amāricāre, present active infinitive of amāricō, from Latin amārus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /amaɾˈɡaɾ/, [a.maɾˈɣ̞aɾ]

Verb

amargar (first-person singular present amargo, first-person singular preterite amargué, past participle amargado)

1. (transitive) to make bitter; embitter
2. (reflexive) to go bitter, get bitter

Conjugation

    Conjugation of amargar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			amargar
gerund			amargando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		amargado		amargada
		plural		amargados		amargadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	amargo	amargastú amargásvos	amarga	amargamos	amargáis	amargan
	imperfect	amargaba	amargabas	amargaba	amargábamos	amargabais	amargaban
	preterite	amargué	amargaste	amargó	amargamos	amargasteis	amargaron
	future	amargaré	amargarás	amargará	amargaremos	amargaréis	amargarán
	conditional	amargaría	amargarías	amargaría	amargaríamos	amargaríais	amargarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	amargue	amarguestú amarguésvos2	amargue	amarguemos	amarguéis	amarguen
	imperfect (ra)	amargara	amargaras	amargara	amargáramos	amargarais	amargaran
	imperfect (se)	amargase	amargases	amargase	amargásemos	amargaseis	amargasen
	future1	amargare	amargares	amargare	amargáremos	amargareis	amargaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		amargatú amargávos	amargue	amarguemos	amargad	amarguen
	negative		no amargues	no amargue	no amarguemos	no amarguéis	no amarguen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of amargar (g-gu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive amargar
	dative	amargarme	amargarte	amargarle, amargarse	amargarnos	amargaros	amargarles, amargarse
	accusative	amargarme	amargarte	amargarlo, amargarla, amargarse	amargarnos	amargaros	amargarlos, amargarlas, amargarse
with gerund amargando
	dative	amargándome	amargándote	amargándole, amargándose	amargándonos	amargándoos	amargándoles, amargándose
	accusative	amargándome	amargándote	amargándolo, amargándola, amargándose	amargándonos	amargándoos	amargándolos, amargándolas, amargándose
with informal second-person singular imperative amarga
	dative	amárgame	amárgate	amárgale	amárganos	not used	amárgales
	accusative	amárgame	amárgate	amárgalo, amárgala	amárganos	not used	amárgalos, amárgalas
with formal second-person singular imperative amargue
	dative	amárgueme	not used	amárguele, amárguese	amárguenos	not used	amárgueles
	accusative	amárgueme	not used	amárguelo, amárguela, amárguese	amárguenos	not used	amárguelos, amárguelas
with first-person plural imperative amarguemos
	dative	not used	amarguémoste	amarguémosle	amarguémonos	amarguémoos	amarguémosles
	accusative	not used	amarguémoste	amarguémoslo, amarguémosla	amarguémonos	amarguémoos	amarguémoslos, amarguémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative amargad
	dative	amargadme	not used	amargadle	amargadnos	amargaos	amargadles
	accusative	amargadme	not used	amargadlo, amargadla	amargadnos	amargaos	amargadlos, amargadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative amarguen
	dative	amárguenme	not used	amárguenle	amárguennos	not used	amárguenles, amárguense
	accusative	amárguenme	not used	amárguenlo, amárguenla	amárguennos	not used	amárguenlos, amárguenlas, amárguense

Derived terms

• amargado

Related terms

• amargo

Further reading

• “amargar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014