blasphemo

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek βλάσφημος (blásphēmos)

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *-eyéti

Proto-Indo-European *-esyéti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti

Ancient Greek -έω (-éō)

Ancient Greek βλασφημέω (blasphēméō)bor.

Latin blasphēmō

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βλασφημέω (blasphēméō).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [bɫasˈpʰeː.moː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [blasˈfɛː.mo]

Verb

blasphēmō (present infinitive blasphēmāre, perfect active blasphēmāvī, supine blasphēmātum); first conjugation (Late Latin)

to blaspheme, reproach, revile
- Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 3:29:
  qui autem blasphemaverit in Spiritum Sanctum non habet remissionem in aeternum sed reus erit aeterni delicti
  But he that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never forgiveness, but is in danger of eternal damnation.

Conjugation

Perfective forms are post-Classical (see quote above).

Conjugation of blasphēmō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	blasphēmō	blasphēmās		blasphēmat	blasphēmāmus	blasphēmātis		blasphēmant
	imperfect	blasphēmābam	blasphēmābās		blasphēmābat	blasphēmābāmus	blasphēmābātis		blasphēmābant
	future	blasphēmābō	blasphēmābis		blasphēmābit	blasphēmābimus	blasphēmābitis		blasphēmābunt
	perfect	blasphēmāvī	blasphēmāvistī		blasphēmāvit	blasphēmāvimus	blasphēmāvistis		blasphēmāvērunt, blasphēmāvēre
	pluperfect	blasphēmāveram	blasphēmāverās		blasphēmāverat	blasphēmāverāmus	blasphēmāverātis		blasphēmāverant
	future perfect	blasphēmāverō	blasphēmāveris		blasphēmāverit	blasphēmāverimus	blasphēmāveritis		blasphēmāverint
passive	present	blasphēmor	blasphēmāris, blasphēmāre		blasphēmātur	blasphēmāmur	blasphēmāminī		blasphēmantur
	imperfect	blasphēmābar	blasphēmābāris, blasphēmābāre		blasphēmābātur	blasphēmābāmur	blasphēmābāminī		blasphēmābantur
	future	blasphēmābor	blasphēmāberis, blasphēmābere		blasphēmābitur	blasphēmābimur	blasphēmābiminī		blasphēmābuntur
	perfect	blasphēmātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	blasphēmātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	blasphēmātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	blasphēmem	blasphēmēs		blasphēmet	blasphēmēmus	blasphēmētis		blasphēment
	imperfect	blasphēmārem	blasphēmārēs		blasphēmāret	blasphēmārēmus	blasphēmārētis		blasphēmārent
	perfect	blasphēmāverim	blasphēmāverīs		blasphēmāverit	blasphēmāverīmus	blasphēmāverītis		blasphēmāverint
	pluperfect	blasphēmāvissem	blasphēmāvissēs		blasphēmāvisset	blasphēmāvissēmus	blasphēmāvissētis		blasphēmāvissent
passive	present	blasphēmer	blasphēmēris, blasphēmēre		blasphēmētur	blasphēmēmur	blasphēmēminī		blasphēmentur
	imperfect	blasphēmārer	blasphēmārēris, blasphēmārēre		blasphēmārētur	blasphēmārēmur	blasphēmārēminī		blasphēmārentur
	perfect	blasphēmātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	blasphēmātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	blasphēmā		—	—	blasphēmāte		—
active	future	—	blasphēmātō		blasphēmātō	—	blasphēmātōte		blasphēmantō
passive	present	—	blasphēmāre		—	—	blasphēmāminī		—
passive	future	—	blasphēmātor		blasphēmātor	—	—		blasphēmantor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		blasphēmāre		blasphēmārī		blasphēmāns		—
future		blasphēmātūrum esse		blasphēmātum īrī		blasphēmātūrus		blasphēmandus
perfect		blasphēmāvisse		blasphēmātum esse		—		blasphēmātus
future perfect		—		blasphēmātum fore		—		—
perfect potential		blasphēmātūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		blasphēmandī	blasphēmandō		blasphēmandum	blasphēmandō	blasphēmātum		blasphēmātū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

→ Catalan: blasfemar
→ Galician: blasfemar
→ Italian: blasfemare
→ Old French: blasfemer
- French: blasphémer
- → Middle English: blasfemen
  - English: blaspheme
→ Portuguese: blasfemar
→ Romanian: blasfema, blasfemare
→ Romansh: blasfemar
→ Spanish: blasfemar

Inherited reflexes of the variant blastēmāre (attested in an imperial inscription from Gaul):

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: blãstimari
- Romanian: blestema
Dalmatian:
- >? blasmur
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: ghjastimà
- Italian: biastemmare (archaic) ⇒ bestemmiare
- Sicilian: jastimari, iastimari, gastimari, jastimiari
Padanian:
- Emilian: biastmèr
- Friulian: blestemâ
- Istriot: bas'ciamà
- Ladin: biastemèr
- Ligurian: giastemâ
- Romansh: blastemmar, blastmer
- Venetan: bestiemar, biastemar, bestemar, biaxemar
Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: blasmar
- Catalan: blasmar, blastomar
- Old French: blasmer (see there for further descendants)
- Old Occitan: blasmar
  - Occitan: blaimar, blasmar
Ibero-Romance:
- Portuguese: lastimar
- Spanish: lastimar
  - → Sicilian: lastimari
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: fraltimare, frastimai, frastimare, frestimai, brastimare

References

“blasphemo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“blasphemo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.