brać

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See also: brac, BRAC, brač, Brač, and braç

Old Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьrati. First attested in 1392.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /brat͡ɕ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /brat͡ɕ/

Verb[edit]

brać impf [+ prep (case) = ] [+case = ]

  1. to take (to grab with the hands)
  2. to gather
  3. to take furtively, to skim off, to pilfer
  4. to extract
  5. to pass long [+ na (accusative) = to whom]
  6. to pass responsibility [+ na (accusative)] or [+ ku (dative) = what reponsibility]
  7. to conclude; to infer
  8. to charge [+ od (genitive)], [+ u (genitive)], or [+ z (genitive) = whom], [+ za (accusative)] or [+genitive = for what]
  9. to occupy
  10. to confiscate
  11. to choose
  12. (reflexive with się) to leave, to go
  13. (reflexive with się, law) to appeal to a higher court
  14. (reflexive with się) to get prepared
  15. (reflexive with się) to personate
  16. (reflexive with się) to resist

Derived terms[edit]

nouns
verbs
verbs

Related terms[edit]

nouns

Descendants[edit]

  • Polish: brać
  • Silesian: brać

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish brać. Cognate with English bear.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /brat͡ɕ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈbrat͡ɕ/
  • Audio 1, brać(file)
  • Audio 2, brać się(file)
  • Rhymes: -at͡ɕ
  • Syllabification: brać

Verb[edit]

brać impf (perfective wziąć)

  1. (transitive) to take (to grab with the hands) [+instrumental = with what] [+ za (accusative) = by what part]
  2. (transitive) to take (grabbing with one's, to place somewhere)
  3. (transitive) to take in (to agree to take care of)
  4. (transitive) to take (to allow to join)
  5. (transitive) to take (to ensure that one has something with themself leaving somewhere)
  6. (transitive) to take, to charge (to ask for or demand a certain amount of money for something) [+ za (accusative) = for what]
  7. (transitive) to take (to have temporarily, e.g. a room at a hotel)
  8. (transitive) to take (to hire a particular person for a job or task)
  9. (transitive) to take; to get (to gain from a particular source, e.g. a resource)
    brać pomysł ― to get an idea
  10. (transitive) to take, to take away (to deprive of) [+dative = from whom]
    Synonym: zabrać
  11. (transitive) to take (to force someone to go somewhere, e.g. to the police)
  12. (transitive) to take (to ingest e.g. medicine)
  13. (transitive) to take (to conquer, to gain e.g. a city)
  14. (transitive, vulgar, of men) to take (to have sexual relations with a woman)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:uprawiać seks
  15. (transitive, colloquial) to take (to pass on the road while driving)
    Synonym: wyprzedzać
  16. (transitive) to take (to consider someone or something to be something, especially unfairly) [+ za (accusative) = for what]
  17. (transitive) to get someone to do something (to convince someone to taking a particular action) [+ na (accusative) = to what]
  18. (transitive) to take; to get (as a light verb, to be the performer or subject of an action)
    brać prysznic ― to take a shower
    brać masaż ― to get a massage
    brać ślub ― to get married
  19. (transitive, of emotions, diseases, etc.) to take (to appear in someone's body or psyche)
  20. (transitive, fishing) to bite; to take (to attach to a hook on a rod; to be caught) [+ na (accusative) = with what bait]
  21. (transitive) to take on (to accept a position or function)
  22. (transitive) to take (to defeat someone or something)
  23. (transitive) to put on (to begin wearing some article of clothing) [+ w (accusative) = what clothing]
  24. (transitive, colloquial) to take (to interest, to grab someone's attention)
  25. (intransitive, of weather) to build up
  26. (transitive) to get (to understand somehow)
  27. (transitive) to take (to get hit)
    Synonym: dostawać
  28. (transitive) to take after, to get from (to inherit some traits)
  29. (transitive) to take, to choose, to select
    Synonym: wybrać
  30. (reflexive with się) to take oneself (to grab oneself by something) [+ pod (accusative)] or [+ za (accusative) = by what]
  31. (reflexive with się) to take each other (to grab each other by something) [+ pod (accusative)], [+ w (accusative)], or [+ za (accusative) = by what]
  32. (reflexive with się) to get to (to begin to do some activity) [+ do (genitive)] or (proscribed) [+ za (accusative) = to what]
    brać się do roboty ― to get to work
  33. (reflexive with się) to be convinced (to allow oneself to be convinced to doing something) [+ na (accusative) = to what]
  34. (reflexive with się, colloquial) to take on (to begin to deal intensively with matters related to a specific person) [+ za (accusative) = whom]
  35. (reflexive with się, colloquial) to come from (to have a source from)
  36. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to be deceived
    Synonym: nabrać się
  37. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to get to (to arrive, to go to)
    Synonym: udać się
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of brać impf
person singular plural
masculine feminine neuter virile nonvirile
infinitive brać
present tense 1st biorę bierzemy
2nd bierzesz bierzecie
3rd bierze biorą
impersonal bierze się
past tense 1st brałem brałam braliśmy brałyśmy
2nd brałeś brałaś braliście brałyście
3rd brał brała brało brali brały
impersonal brano
future tense 1st będę brał,
będę brać 		będę brała,
będę brać 		będziemy brali,
będziemy brać 		będziemy brały,
będziemy brać
2nd będziesz brał,
będziesz brać 		będziesz brała,
będziesz brać 		będziecie brali,
będziecie brać 		będziecie brały,
będziecie brać
3rd będzie brał,
będzie brać 		będzie brała,
będzie brać 		będzie brało,
będzie brać 		będą brali,
będą brać 		będą brały,
będą brać
impersonal będzie brać się
conditional 1st brałbym brałabym bralibyśmy brałybyśmy
2nd brałbyś brałabyś bralibyście brałybyście
3rd brałby brałaby brałoby braliby brałyby
impersonal brano by
imperative 1st niech biorę bierzmy
2nd bierz bierzcie
3rd niech bierze niech biorą
active adjectival participle biorący biorąca biorące biorący biorące
passive adjectival participle brany brana brane brani brane
contemporary adverbial participle biorąc
verbal noun branie

Verb[edit]

brać impf (perfective wziąć)

  1. (impersonal, colloquial) to get the urge, to get a hankering (to feel a strong need or want to do something to the point where one cannot help themself) [+accusative = subject] [+ na (accusative) = for what]
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of brać
infinitive brać
present indicative bierze
past indicative brało
future indicative będzie brać
będzie brało
conditional brałoby
by brało
imperative niech bierze
Derived terms[edit]
adjectives
adverb
nouns
verbs
verbs

Trivia[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), brać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 25 times in scientific texts, 38 times in news, 26 times in essays, 32 times in fiction, and 42 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 162 times, making it the 355th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

Etymology 2[edit]

From bracia.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

brać f

  1. (collective, dated) company; band (group of people associating with each other)
Declension[edit]
Declension of brać
singular
nominative brać
genitive braci
dative braci
accusative brać
instrumental bracią
locative braci
vocative braci

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “brać”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 32

Further reading[edit]

  • brać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • brać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • “brać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2023
  • “brać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2023
  • “BRAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.03.2023
  • “BRAĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.09.2010
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 198
  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021), “brać”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 213, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 1
  • brać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
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