brugga

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse brugga, from Proto-Germanic *brewwaną.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ʏkːa

Verb

brugga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bruggaði, supine bruggað)

1. to brew
2. to scheme, to plot

Conjugation

brugga – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að brugga
supine sagnbót		bruggað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		bruggandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	brugga	bruggaði		bruggi	bruggaði
	þú	bruggar	bruggaðir		bruggir	bruggaðir
	hann, hún, það	bruggar	bruggaði		bruggi	bruggaði
plural	við	bruggum	brugguðum		bruggum	brugguðum
	þið	bruggið	brugguðuð		bruggið	brugguðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	brugga	brugguðu		bruggi	brugguðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	brugga (þú), bruggaðu
plural	þið	bruggið (þið), bruggiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bruggast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að bruggast
supine sagnbót		bruggast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		bruggandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	bruggast	bruggaðist		bruggist	bruggaðist
	þú	bruggast	bruggaðist		bruggist	bruggaðist
	hann, hún, það	bruggast	bruggaðist		bruggist	bruggaðist
plural	við	bruggumst	brugguðumst		bruggumst	brugguðumst
	þið	bruggist	brugguðust		bruggist	brugguðust
	þeir, þær, þau	bruggast	brugguðust		bruggist	brugguðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	bruggast (þú), bruggastu
plural	þið	bruggist (þið), bruggisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bruggaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bruggaður	brugguð	bruggað	bruggaðir	bruggaðar	brugguð
accusative (þolfall)	bruggaðan	bruggaða	bruggað	bruggaða	bruggaðar	brugguð
dative (þágufall)	brugguðum	bruggaðri	brugguðu	brugguðum	brugguðum	brugguðum
genitive (eignarfall)	bruggaðs	bruggaðrar	bruggaðs	bruggaðra	bruggaðra	bruggaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bruggaði	bruggaða	bruggaða	brugguðu	brugguðu	brugguðu
accusative (þolfall)	bruggaða	brugguðu	bruggaða	brugguðu	brugguðu	brugguðu
dative (þágufall)	bruggaða	brugguðu	bruggaða	brugguðu	brugguðu	brugguðu
genitive (eignarfall)	bruggaða	brugguðu	bruggaða	brugguðu	brugguðu	brugguðu

Related terms

• brugg
• bruggari
• brugghús
• bruggun

Northern Sami

Etymology

Borrowed from Norwegian brygge.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈpruɡːɡa/

Noun

brugga

1. wharf, quay

Inflection

Even a-stem, gg-kk gradation
Nominative	brugga
Genitive	brukka
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	brugga	brukkat
Accusative	brukka	brukkaid
Genitive	brukka	brukkaid
Illative	bruggii	brukkaide
Locative	brukkas	brukkain
Comitative	brukkain	brukkaiguin
Essive	bruggan
Possessive forms Singular Dual Plural 1st person bruggan bruggame bruggamet 2nd person bruggat bruggade bruggadet 3rd person bruggas bruggaska bruggaset

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bruggju.

Noun

brugga f

1. bridge

Inflection

Declension of brugga (feminine ō/ōn-stem noun)

case	singular	plural
nominative	brugga	brugga, bruggon
accusative	brugga, bruggon	brugga, bruggon
genitive	bruggon	bruggono
dative	bruggon	bruggon

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: brugge
  • Dutch: brug, Brugge
    • Afrikaans: brug
    • → Papiamentu: brùg
  • Limburgish: brögk

Further reading

• “brugga”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

Alternative forms

• brucca

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bruggju.

Noun

brugga f

1. bridge

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Middle High German: brucke, brücke, brügge, brugge
  • Alemannic German: Brugg
  • Bavarian: Bruck, Brugg
  • Central Franconian: Bröck, Breck (Moselle Franconian)
    • Hunsrik: Brick
    • Luxembourgish: Bréck
  • East Central German: Brick
  • German: Brücke
  • Rhine Franconian:
    • Pennsylvania German: Brick
  • Vilamovian: bryk
  • Yiddish: בריק (brik)

References

• Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “brugga”, in Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎^[2] (in German), 6th edition

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *brewwaną.

Verb

brugga

1. to brew

Descendants

• Icelandic: brugga
• Norwegian Nynorsk: brugga