cac

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cac"

Translingual

Symbol

cac

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Chuj.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Chuj terms

Albanian

Etymology

Version of eci (“to walk, step, go”). Used by adults when speaking to toddlers while teaching them how to walk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sat͡s/

Verb

cac (aorist caca, participle cacur)

1. (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) to walk slowly
2. (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) to learn (how) to walk

   Synonym: përkëmb

Conjugation

Standard Albanian conjugation of cac (active voice)

• Show compound tenses:  

		participle		cacur
		gerund		duke cacur
		infinitive		për të cacur
singular			plural
1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.	1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.
indicative	present	cac	cac	cac	cacim	cacni	cacin
	imperfect	cacja	cacje	cacte	cacnim	cacnit	cacnin
	aorist	caca	cace	caci	cacëm	cacët	cacën
perfect	kam cacur	ke cacur	ka cacur	kemi cacur	keni cacur	kanë cacur
past perfect	kisha cacur	kishe cacur	kishte cacur	kishim cacur	kishit cacur	kishin cacur
aorist II	pata cacur	pate cacur	pati cacur	patëm cacur	patët cacur	patën cacur
future1	do të cac	do të cacësh	do të cacë	do të cacim	do të cacni	do të cacin
future perfect2	do të kem cacur	do të kesh cacur	do të ketë cacur	do të kemi cacur	do të keni cacur	do të kenë cacur
subjunctive	present	të cac	të cacësh	të cacë	të cacim	të cacni	të cacin
imperfect	të cacja	të cacje	të cacte	të cacnim	të cacnit	të cacnin
perfect	të kem cacur	të kesh cacur	të ketë cacur	të kemi cacur	të keni cacur	të kenë cacur
past perfect	të kisha cacur	të kishe cacur	të kishte cacur	të kishim cacur	të kishit cacur	të kishin cacur
conditional1, 2	imperfect	do të cacja	do të cacje	do të cacte	do të cacnim	do të cacnit	do të cacnin
	past perfect	do të kisha cacur	do të kishe cacur	do të kishte cacur	do të kishim cacur	do të kishit cacur	do të kishin cacur
optative	present	cacsha	cacsh	cactë	cacshim	cacshi	cacshin
perfect	paça cacur	paç cacur	pastë cacur	paçim cacur	paçit cacur	paçin cacur
admirative	present	cackam	cacke	cacka	cackemi	cackeni	cackan
	imperfect	cackësha	cackëshe	cackësh	cackëshim	cackëshit	cackëshin
perfect	paskam cacur	paske cacur	paska cacur	paskemi cacur	paskeni cacur	paskan cacur
past perfect	paskësha cacur	paskëshe cacur	paskësh cacur	paskëshim cacur	paskëshit cacur	paskëshin cacur
imperative	present	—	cac	—	—	cacni	—
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Derived terms

• cacë f
• cacas
• cacit

Related terms

• eci

Further reading

• “cac”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[1], 1980

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• cacu

Etymology

From Latin cacō. Compare Romanian căca, cac.

Verb

cac (participle cãcatã or cãcate)

1. (vulgar, reflexive) to shit

Related terms

• cãcari / cãcare
• cãcat

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kak/, /kɑk/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish and Old Irish cacc (“dung, excrement”), from Proto-Celtic *kakkā.

Noun

cac m (genitive singular caca, nominative plural cacanna)

1. faeces, excrement
2. (vulgar, offensive) shit
3. (mining) raw ore
4. verbal noun of cac

Declension

Declension of cac (third declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative cac cacanna vocative a chac a chacanna genitive caca cacanna dative cac cacanna forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an cac na cacanna genitive an chaca na gcacanna dative leis an gcac don chac leis na cacanna

Derived terms

• cac iarainn m (“bog iron ore”)

Related terms

• cacamas m (“refuse”)

Descendants

• → Yola: hock

Interjection

cac!

1. (vulgar) shit!, crap!

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish caccaid (“to excrete”, verb), from cacc (“dung, excrement”).

Verb

cac (present analytic cacann, future analytic cacfaidh, verbal noun cac, past participle cactha)

1. to excrete, defecate
2. (vulgar) to shit

Conjugation

conjugation of cac (first conjugation – A)

verbal noun	cac
past participle	cactha
tense	singular			plural			relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative
present	cacaim	cacann tú; cacair†	cacann sé, sí	cacaimid	cacann sibh	cacann siad; cacaid†	a chacann; a chacas / a gcacann*	cactar
past	chac mé; chacas	chac tú; chacais	chac sé, sí	chacamar; chac muid	chac sibh; chacabhair	chac siad; chacadar	a chac / ar chac*	cacadh
past habitual	chacainn / gcacainn‡‡	chactá / gcactᇇ	chacadh sé, sí / gcacadh sé, s퇇	chacaimis; chacadh muid / gcacaimis‡‡; gcacadh muid‡‡	chacadh sibh / gcacadh sibh‡‡	chacaidís; chacadh siad / gcacaidís‡‡; gcacadh siad‡‡	a chacadh / a gcacadh*	chactaí / gcacta퇇
future	cacfaidh mé; cacfad	cacfaidh tú; cacfair†	cacfaidh sé, sí	cacfaimid; cacfaidh muid	cacfaidh sibh	cacfaidh siad; cacfaid†	a chacfaidh; a chacfas / a gcacfaidh*	cacfar
conditional	chacfainn / gcacfainn‡‡	chacfá / gcacfᇇ	chacfadh sé, sí / gcacfadh sé, s퇇	chacfaimis; chacfadh muid / gcacfaimis‡‡; gcacfadh muid‡‡	chacfadh sibh / gcacfadh sibh‡‡	chacfaidís; chacfadh siad / gcacfaidís‡‡; gcacfadh siad‡‡	a chacfadh / a gcacfadh*	chacfaí / gcacfa퇇
subjunctive
present	go gcaca mé; go gcacad†	go gcaca tú; go gcacair†	go gcaca sé, sí	go gcacaimid; go gcaca muid	go gcaca sibh	go gcaca siad; go gcacaid†	—	go gcactar
past	dá gcacainn	dá gcactá	dá gcacadh sé, sí	dá gcacaimis; dá gcacadh muid	dá gcacadh sibh	dá gcacaidís; dá gcacadh siad	—	dá gcactaí
imperative
–	cacaim	cac	cacadh sé, sí	cacaimis	cacaigí; cacaidh†	cacaidís	—	cactar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of cac

radical	lenition	eclipsis
cac	chac	gcac

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “cac”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

K'iche'

Etymology

Likely cognate to Yucatec Maya k’áak’

Noun

cac

1. (Classical K'iche') fire

Old English

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps derived from *cacian (“to defecate”), from Latin cacō (“I shit”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑk/

Noun

cac m (nominative plural cacas)

1. dung, excrement

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	cac	cacas
accusative	cac	cacas
genitive	caces	caca
dative	cace	cacum

Derived terms

• cachūs (“shithouse, latrine”)

Related terms

• *cacian

Descendants

• English: cack

Further reading

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “CAC”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old Irish

Noun

cac (gender unknown)

1. alternative spelling of cacc

Mutation

Mutation of cac

radical	lenition	nasalization
cac	chac	cac pronounced with /ɡ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Romanian

Verb

cac

1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of căca

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰaxk/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish and Old Irish cacc (“dung, excrement”), from Proto-Celtic *kakkā.

Noun

cac m (genitive singular caca, no plural)

1. excrement
2. (vulgar) shit

Derived terms

• poll-caca (“cesspool”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish caccaid (“excretes”, verb), from cacc (“dung, excrement”). See Etymology 1 above.

Verb

cac (past chac, future cacaidh, verbal noun cac or cacadh, past participle cacte)

1. (slang) to excrete, defecate
2. (slang, vulgar) to shit

Mutation

Mutation of cac

radical	lenition
cac	chac

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911), “cac”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cacc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caccaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language