chipua

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-cepula. Cognate with Giryama -tsehula.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-chipua (infinitive kuchipua)

1. to sprout

Conjugation

Conjugation of -chipua
Positive present -nachipua Subjunctive -chipue Negative -chipui Imperative singular chipua
Infinitives
Positive kuchipua Negative kutochipua
Imperatives
Singular chipua Plural chipueni
Tensed forms
Habitual huchipua Positive past positive subject concord + -lichipua Negative past negative subject concord + -kuchipua
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachipua) Singular Plural 1st person ninachipua/nachipua tunachipua 2nd person unachipua mnachipua 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anachipua wanachipua other classes positive subject concord + -nachipua
Negative present (negative subject concord + -chipui) Singular Plural 1st person sichipui hatuchipui 2nd person huchipui hamchipui 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hachipui hawachipui other classes negative subject concord + -chipui
Positive future positive subject concord + -tachipua Negative future negative subject concord + -tachipua
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chipue) Singular Plural 1st person nichipue tuchipue 2nd person uchipue mchipue 3rd person m-wa(I/II) achipue wachipue other classes positive subject concord + -chipue
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sichipue Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngechipua Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singechipua Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalichipua Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalichipua
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achipua) Singular Plural 1st person nachipua twachipua 2nd person wachipua mwachipua 3rd person m-wa(I/II) achipua wachipua m-mi(III/IV) wachipua yachipua ji-ma(V/VI) lachipua yachipua ki-vi(VII/VIII) chachipua vyachipua n(IX/X) yachipua zachipua u(XI) wachipua see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwachipua pa(XVI) pachipua mu(XVIII) mwachipua
Perfect positive subject concord + -mechipua "Already" positive subject concord + -meshachipua "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jachipua "If/When" positive subject concord + -kichipua "If not" positive subject concord + -sipochipua Consecutive kachipua / positive subject concord + -kachipua Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kachipue
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nichipua -tuchipua 2nd person -kuchipua -wachipua/-kuchipueni/-wachipueni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mchipua -wachipua m-mi(III/IV) -uchipua -ichipua ji-ma(V/VI) -lichipua -yachipua ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kichipua -vichipua n(IX/X) -ichipua -zichipua u(XI) -uchipua see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuchipua pa(XVI) -pachipua mu(XVIII) -muchipua Reflexive -jichipua
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chipua- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -chipuaye -chipuao m-mi(III/IV) -chipuao -chipuayo ji-ma(V/VI) -chipualo -chipuayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chipuacho -chipuavyo n(IX/X) -chipuayo -chipuazo u(XI) -chipuao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -chipuako pa(XVI) -chipuapo mu(XVIII) -chipuamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chipua) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yechipua -ochipua m-mi(III/IV) -ochipua -yochipua ji-ma(V/VI) -lochipua -yochipua ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chochipua -vyochipua n(IX/X) -yochipua -zochipua u(XI) -ochipua see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kochipua pa(XVI) -pochipua mu(XVIII) -mochipua
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -chipulia
  • Causative: -chipuza
  • Stative: -chipuka

• Nominal derivations:
  • uchipuaji (“sprouting”)