cinis

See also: -cinis

Latin

Alternative forms

• ciner m or f, (uncommon) cinus n
• cines, cenis (Late Latin)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Italic *kenis, from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“dust, ashes”).

Cognate with Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “dust, ash”), Sanskrit कण (kaṇa, “particle, small grain of dust or rice”), and Tocharian B kentse.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkɪ.nɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃiː.nis]

Noun

cinis m or f (genitive cineris); third declension

1. cold ashes
2. (figuratively) ruins of a burned city

Usage notes

The word cinis is used for cold, heavy ashes, while favilla is used for glowing, light ashes (cinders).

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	cinis	cinerēs
genitive	cineris	cinerum
dative	cinerī	cineribus
accusative	cinerem	cinerēs
ablative	cinere	cineribus
vocative	cinis	cinerēs

Related terms

• cinefactus
• cinerāceus
• cinerārius
• cinerēscō
• cinereus
• cinericius
• cinerōsus
• ciniflō
• concinerātus
• dēcinerātus
• dēcinerēscō
• incinerō
• succinerīcius

Descendants

From cinis, cinerem:

• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Corsican: cenere, cenera, cennera, cendera
  • Italian: cenere

    Tuscan and Central Italian: cenere, cendere

  • Neapolitan: cennere, cendre, cegnere
  • Sicilian: cìnniri

    Calabrese: cìnnara, cìnnari

  • Venetan: sènare, séndra (western dialects)
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Ladin: cender, zendre
  • Romansh: tschendra
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Emilian: zànnder, sendra, sanar
  • Ligurian: çénie, çènia, çènre, çène
  • Lombard: sendra, sener, sender
  • Piedmontese: sënner, sënre, sëner, sëndre
  • Romagnol: sendre, sendra
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: cindra, cindre
  • Old French: cendre
    • Bourguignon: çarre
    • French: cendre
    • Lorrain: cent
    • Norman: chendre (Jersey, Guernsey)
    • Picard: chaine
    • Walloon: cinde
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: cenra, cendra, cendre
  • Old Occitan: cenre, cendre
    • Occitan: cendre, cendra (most dialects)

      Gascon: céner, cena, cièr

      Languedocien: cenre

      Vivaro-Alpine: cindra

    • → Old Spanish: cendra

From *cinisiam or *cinusiam:

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: chigina, chisina
• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: cinushi, cinushe, tsinushã
  • Istro-Romanian: țerușe
  • Megleno-Romanian: ciănușă, cinușă, tșănușă
  • Romanian: cenușă
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Corsican: cianugia
  • Dalmatian: canaisa
  • Italian: cinigia, cinice (Marche)
  • Neapolitan: cenisa, cinesa (Abruzzo)
  • Sicilian: cinisi
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: cinise
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: sënisia, sinisia
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitan: cenisa

    Limousin: cenís

    Vivaro-Alpine: chanís

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: cenisa
  • Asturian: ceniza
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: cĩisa
    • Galician: cinza, cinsa
    • Portuguese: cinza
      • Kabuverdianu: sinza
      • Guinea-Bissau Creole: sinsa
  • Old Spanish: ceniza, ceniça
    • Ladino: seniza / סיניזה
    • Spanish: ceniza

See also

• favīlla

Further reading

• “cinis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cinis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "cinis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “cinis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Volapük

Noun

cinis

1. accusative plural of cin