cysgodi

Welsh

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Welsh kysgoti. By surface analysis, cysgod (“shade”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /kəsˈɡɔdɪ/, [kʰəsˈkɔdɪ]
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /kəsˈɡoːdi/, /kəsˈɡɔdi/, [kʰəsˈkoːdi], [kʰəsˈkɔdɪ]

Verb

cysgodi (first-person singular present cysgodaf)

1. to shelter, to take cover

   Synonyms: ymochel, llochesu

2. to shelter, to shade, to overshadow

   Synonyms: tywyllu, cymylu, gorchuddio

Conjugation

Conjugation of cysgodi (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	cysgodaf	cysgodi	cysgod, cysgoda	cysgodwn	cysgodwch	cysgodant	cysgodir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	cysgodwn	cysgodit	cysgodai	cysgodem	cysgodech	cysgodent	cysgodid
preterite	cysgodais	cysgodaist	cysgododd	cysgodasom	cysgodasoch	cysgodasant	cysgodwyd
pluperfect	cysgodaswn	cysgodasit	cysgodasai	cysgodasem	cysgodasech	cysgodasent	cysgodasid, cysgodesid
present subjunctive	cysgodwyf	cysgodych	cysgodo	cysgodom	cysgodoch	cysgodont	cysgoder
imperative	—	cysgod, cysgoda	cysgoded	cysgodwn	cysgodwch	cysgodent	cysgoder
verbal noun	cysgodi
verbal adjectives	cysgodedig cysgodadwy

Conjugation of cysgodi (colloquial)

inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	cysgoda i, cysgodaf i	cysgodi di	cysgodith o/e/hi, cysgodiff e/hi	cysgodwn ni	cysgodwch chi	cysgodan nhw
conditional	cysgodwn i, cysgodswn i	cysgodet ti, cysgodset ti	cysgodai fo/fe/hi, cysgodsai fo/fe/hi	cysgoden ni, cysgodsen ni	cysgodech chi, cysgodsech chi	cysgoden nhw, cysgodsen nhw
preterite	cysgodais i, cysgodes i	cysgodaist ti, cysgodest ti	cysgododd o/e/hi	cysgodon ni	cysgodoch chi	cysgodon nhw
imperative	—	cysgoda	—	—	cysgodwch	—

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of cysgodi

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cysgodi	gysgodi	nghysgodi	chysgodi

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “cysgodi”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “cysgodi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies