dall

See also: Dall, Dall., and dall'

English

Etymology

Compare French dalle, dallage.

Noun

dall (plural dalls)

1. A tile with an incised surface.
   • 1872, Van Nostrand's Eclectic Engineering Magazine, page 646:

     […] for such machine-made slate "dalls," or tiles, as perhaps we might call them, would soon be valued by the architect and builder for the roofs of many other classes of buildings as well as ecclesiastical ones.

   • 1872, The Engineer:

     […] tiling. Thus arose those admirable roofs known in France as "en dallage," of which one most instructive example to both engineer and architect may be seen in those of the clerestory roofs of Nôtre Dame at Paris. The "dalls" being hand wrought […]

See also

• dalls

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton dall, from Old Breton dall, from Proto-Brythonic *dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos.

Adjective

dall

1. blind

Mutation

Mutation of dall

unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
dall	zall	unchanged	tall	tall

Catalan

Etymology

Deverbal from dallar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈdaʎ]

Noun

dall m (plural dalls)

1. math (what is gathered from mowing)
2. foremath
3. mowing (act of mowing)
4. billhook

Synonyms

• (mowing): dallada
• (billhook): podall

Derived terms

• redall

Further reading

• “dall”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos. Cognate with Breton, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh dall, and Manx doal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dal/

Adjective

dall

1. blind

Derived terms

• dalla, dallhe (“blind”, verb)
• gwari dall (“lottery”)

Verb

dall

1. inflection of dalla:
   1. third-person singular present indicative/future indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Mutation

Mutation of dall

unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
dall	dhall	unchanged	tall	tall	tall

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish dall, from Primitive Irish ᚇᚐᚂᚔ (dali) (compare Scottish Gaelic dall, Manx doal), from Proto-Celtic *dallos (compare Welsh dall); possibly cognate with Gothic 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃 (dwals, “foolish, stupid”).

The verb is from Middle Irish dallaid, from the adjective.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠaul̪ˠ/
• (Galway) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠɑːl̪ˠ/
• (Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠal̪ˠ/

Adjective

dall (genitive singular masculine daill, genitive singular feminine daille, plural dalla, comparative daille)

1. blind; blinded
2. dull, uninformed; in the dark
3. dazed, stupefied

Declension

Declension of dall

Positive	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	strong noun	weak noun
nominative	dall	dhall	dalla; dhalla2
vocative	dhaill		dalla
genitive		daille	dalla	dall
dative	dall; dhall1	dhall; dhaill (archaic)	dalla; dhalla2
Comparative	níos daille
Superlative	is daille

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Noun

dall m (genitive singular daill, nominative plural daill)

1. blind person
2. dull, uninformed, person
3. dimness; gloom, obscurity

Declension

Declension of dall (first declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative dall daill vocative a dhaill a dhalla genitive daill dall dative dall daill forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an dall na daill genitive an daill na ndall dative leis an dall don dall leis na daill

Derived terms

• idir dall is dorchadas (“at dusk”, literally “between the dim and the dark”)

Verb

dall (present analytic dallann, future analytic dallfaidh, verbal noun dalladh, past participle dallta) (transitive)

1. blind
2. bedim; dazzle; daze, stupefy
3. darken; block, obscure (an opening)

Conjugation

conjugation of dall (first conjugation – A)

verbal noun	dalladh
past participle	dallta
tense	singular			plural			relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative
present	dallaim	dallann tú; dallair†	dallann sé, sí	dallaimid	dallann sibh	dallann siad; dallaid†	a dhallann; a dhallas / a ndallann*	dalltar
past	dhall mé; dhallas	dhall tú; dhallais	dhall sé, sí	dhallamar; dhall muid	dhall sibh; dhallabhair	dhall siad; dhalladar	a dhall / ar dhall*	dalladh
past habitual	dhallainn / ndallainn‡‡	dhalltá / ndalltᇇ	dhalladh sé, sí / ndalladh sé, s퇇	dhallaimis; dhalladh muid / ndallaimis‡‡; ndalladh muid‡‡	dhalladh sibh / ndalladh sibh‡‡	dhallaidís; dhalladh siad / ndallaidís‡‡; ndalladh siad‡‡	a dhalladh / a ndalladh*	dhalltaí / ndallta퇇
future	dallfaidh mé; dallfad	dallfaidh tú; dallfair†	dallfaidh sé, sí	dallfaimid; dallfaidh muid	dallfaidh sibh	dallfaidh siad; dallfaid†	a dhallfaidh; a dhallfas / a ndallfaidh*	dallfar
conditional	dhallfainn / ndallfainn‡‡	dhallfá / ndallfᇇ	dhallfadh sé, sí / ndallfadh sé, s퇇	dhallfaimis; dhallfadh muid / ndallfaimis‡‡; ndallfadh muid‡‡	dhallfadh sibh / ndallfadh sibh‡‡	dhallfaidís; dhallfadh siad / ndallfaidís‡‡; ndallfadh siad‡‡	a dhallfadh / a ndallfadh*	dhallfaí / ndallfa퇇
subjunctive
present	go ndalla mé; go ndallad†	go ndalla tú; go ndallair†	go ndalla sé, sí	go ndallaimid; go ndalla muid	go ndalla sibh	go ndalla siad; go ndallaid†	—	go ndalltar
past	dá ndallainn	dá ndalltá	dá ndalladh sé, sí	dá ndallaimis; dá ndalladh muid	dá ndalladh sibh	dá ndallaidís; dá ndalladh siad	—	dá ndalltaí
imperative
–	dallaim	dall	dalladh sé, sí	dallaimis	dallaigí; dallaidh†	dallaidís	—	dalltar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of dall

radical	lenition	eclipsis
dall	dhall	ndall

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “dall”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 304; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “dallaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 304; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “dall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Old Irish

Etymology

From Primitive Irish ᚇᚐᚂᚔ (dali), from Proto-Celtic *dallos (compare Welsh dall); possibly cognate with Gothic 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃 (dwals, “foolish, stupid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd̪al̪/

Adjective

dall

1. blind
2. (nominalized, masculine or feminine) blind person

Declension

o/ā-stem

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	dall	dall	dall
vocative	daill* dall**
accusative	dall	daill
genitive	daill	daille	daill
dative	dall	daill	dall
plural	masculine	feminine/neuter
nominative	daill	dalla
vocative	dallu dalla†
accusative	dallu dalla†
genitive	dall
dative	dallaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: dall
• Manx: doal
• Scottish Gaelic: dall
• ⇒ Middle Irish: dallaid

Mutation

Mutation of dall

radical	lenition	nasalization
dall	dall pronounced with /ð-/	ndall

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish dall, from Primitive Irish ᚇᚐᚂᚔ (dali) (compare Irish dall, Manx doal), from Proto-Celtic *dallos (compare Welsh dall); possibly cognate with Gothic 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃 (dwals, “foolish, stupid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪aul̪ˠ/
• (Islay, Mid Argyll) IPA^(key): [t̪al̪ˠː]

Adjective

dall (comparative doille)

1. blind
2. ignorant
3. obscure
4. dark
5. misled
6. puzzled

Derived terms

• dall air faclan (“dyslexic”)
• spot dall (“blind spot”)

Related terms

• doille (“blindness”)

Verb

dall (past dhall, future dallaidh, verbal noun dalladh, past participle dallta)

1. blind, make blind
2. mislead
3. deceive
4. puzzle

Mutation

Mutation of dall

radical	lenition
dall	dhall

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911), “dall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh dall, from Proto-Brythonic *dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos. Cognate with Breton, Irish, and Scottish Gaelic dall.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /daɬ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /da(ː)ɬ/
• Rhymes: -aɬ

Adjective

dall (feminine singular dall, plural deillion, not comparable)

1. blind

Derived terms

• dallgeibio (“to blunder”)
• ffrwyn ddall (“blinkers”)
• lliwddall (“color blind”)
• madfall, pwl-dall (“blindworm, slow-worm”)

Noun

dall m (plural deillion or deilliad, feminine dalles)

1. blind person

Mutation

Mutated forms of dall

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
dall	ddall	nall	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Griffiths, Bruce; Glyn Jones, Dafydd (1995), “blind”, in Geiriadur yr Academi: The Welsh Academy English–Welsh Dictionary‎^[2], Cardiff: University of Wales Press, →ISBN
• D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “dall”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dall”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies