dan

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dan"

Languages (57)

Translingual • English

---

Afrikaans • Antillean Creole • Azerbaijani • Bambara • Biem • Blin • Bonggo • Catalan • Cimbrian • Cornish • Czech • Dongxiang • Dutch • Emilian • Fanamaket • French • Galician • Haitian Creole • Iban • Indonesian • Italian • Japanese • Jassic • Kis • Ladin • Lavatbura-Lamusong • Malay • Maltese • Mandarin • Manikion • Mauritian Creole • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Nigerian Pidgin • North Frisian • Northern Kurdish • Northern Sami • Norwegian Nynorsk • Plautdietsch • Polabian • Saterland Frisian • Serbo-Croatian • Slavomolisano • Slovene • Spanish • Sursurunga • Swedish • Tarpia • Volapük • Warembori • Welsh • Western Maninkakan • Wogeo • Yola • Yoruba

---

Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of Danish dansk or English Danish.

Symbol

dan

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Danish.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Danish terms

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English dan, daun, dam (“lord”), from Anglo-Norman daun, daunz and Old French dan, dam, from Latin dominus. Doublet of don.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dæn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æn

Noun

dan

1. (obsolete) A title of honour or respect similar to "master" or "Sir", used of historical and legendary figures of the past.
   • 1578, w:George Gascoigne, “A Moonshine Banquet”, in A Hundred Sundry Flowers:

     Dan Phoebus, he with many a low'ring look / Had her beheld in yore in angry wise.

   • 1596, w:Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     Old Dan Geoffrey, in whose gentle spright / The pure well-head of Poesy did dwell.

   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     This senior-junior, giant-dwarf, dan Cupid.

   • 1748, James Thomson, The Castle of Indolence: […], London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     The patriarchal age, / What time Dan Abraham left the Chaldee land.

   • 1777, James Perry, The Electrical Eel; or, Gymnotus Electricus:

     He did—and in a moment press'd / The place—in Paradise the best, / As by Dan Moses said.

   • 1842, w:Alfred, Lord Tennyson, w:A Dream of Fair Women:

     Dan Chaucer, the first warbler, whose sweet breath / Preluded those melodious bursts, that fill / The spacious times of great Elizabeth / With sounds that echo still.

   • 1846, Terence McMahon Hughes, The Biliad:

     Dan Neptune says that "ere a twelvemonth pass, / The Senate shall to Ireland go to grass."

   • 1962, w:A. D. Hope, The Ballad of Dan Homer:

     Oh, me' name is Dan Homer, I'm blind, as the Jews, / And I travels around with my head full av news.

Alternative forms

• Dan

Etymology 2

Uncertain.

Noun

dan (plural dans)

1. (mining) A small truck or sledge used in coal mines.

See also

• corf

Etymology 3

From Japanese 段 (dan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dæn/, /dɑn/
• Rhymes: -æn, -ɑːn

Noun

dan (plural dans)

1. A rank of black belt in martial arts.

   Hyponym: shodan

2. Someone who has achieved a level of black belt.

   Hyponym: shodan

Etymology 4

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 担 (dàn) and Chinese 石 (dàn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɑn/, /dæn/

Noun

dan (plural dans or dan)

1. (units of measurement) Synonym of picul: a traditional unit of weight and mass, chiefly used as a dry measure of grains.
2. (units of measurement) A traditional unit of equivalent volume, now officially equal to 100 liters.

Etymology 5

Uncertain.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dæn/

Noun

dan (plural dans)

1. A dan buoy.
   • 1913, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Parliamentary Papers: 1909-1982, page 165:

     Carrying away of 25 great-lines, 3 dans, buoys, &c., of steam liner 'Star of the East' […]

   • 1917, United States. Office of Naval Intelligence, O.N.I. Publications, page 17:

     Dumping dans. Dan buoys laid to mark a dumping ground. They are fitted with a topmark in the shape of a St. Andrews cross formed by battens 2 feet in length. Live dan. Dan buoy for which a […]

Etymology 6

Preposition

dan

1. Pronunciation spelling of than.
   • 2004, Intelligent Systems, translated by Nintendo of America, w:Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, Nintendo, GameCube, level/area: Rogueport:

     It's easy. It's nothin'. It's less dan nothin'.

See also

Other terms with "dan" of unrelated etymology

• dan bau
• dan dan noodles
• dan day
• dan nguyet
• dan nhi
• dan tranh
• dan ty ba

Anagrams

• -and, ADN, AND, DNA, NAD, NDA, and, and-, dna, nad

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch dan.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

dan

1. then

Conjunction

dan

1. than

Antillean Creole

Etymology

From French dent.

Noun

dan

1. (anatomy) tooth

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Proto-Common Turkic *taŋ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dɑn]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

dan (definite accusative danı, plural danlar)

1. dawn
   • 1924, w:Jafar Jabbarly, Ey dan ulduzu:

     Qaranlıq gecədə səni gözləyib,
     Durmaqdan yоruldum, ey dan ulduzu!
     Uzaq üfüqlərə göz gəzdirməkdən
     Az qala kоr оldum, ey dan ulduzu!

     I am weiry from staying awake, oh dawn star,
     As I've waited for you during dark nights!
     I nearly lost my sight, oh dawn star,
     From letting my eyes walk along distant horizons!

Declension

Declension of dan

	singular	plural
nominative	dan	danlar
definite accusative	danı	danları
dative	dana	danlara
locative	danda	danlarda
ablative	dandan	danlardan
definite genitive	danın	danların

Possessive forms of dan

	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	danım	danlarım
sənin (“your”)	danın	danların
onun (“his/her/its”)	danı	danları
bizim (“our”)	danımız	danlarımız
sizin (“your”)	danınız	danlarınız
onların (“their”)	danı or danları	danları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	danımı	danlarımı
sənin (“your”)	danını	danlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	danını	danlarını
bizim (“our”)	danımızı	danlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	danınızı	danlarınızı
onların (“their”)	danını or danlarını	danlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	danıma	danlarıma
sənin (“your”)	danına	danlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	danına	danlarına
bizim (“our”)	danımıza	danlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	danınıza	danlarınıza
onların (“their”)	danına or danlarına	danlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	danımda	danlarımda
sənin (“your”)	danında	danlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	danında	danlarında
bizim (“our”)	danımızda	danlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	danınızda	danlarınızda
onların (“their”)	danında or danlarında	danlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	danımdan	danlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	danından	danlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	danından	danlarından
bizim (“our”)	danımızdan	danlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	danınızdan	danlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	danından or danlarından	danlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	danımın	danlarımın
sənin (“your”)	danının	danlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	danının	danlarının
bizim (“our”)	danımızın	danlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	danınızın	danlarınızın
onların (“their”)	danının or danlarının	danlarının

Related terms

• danna (“tomorrow”)

Further reading

• “dan” in Obastan.com.

Bambara

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dã˦]

Verb

dan

1. to count
2. to sow

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dã˨]

Verb

dan

1. to pass beyond

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Biem

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Heinrich Aufenanger, The great inheritance in Northeast New Guinea: a collection of anthropological data (1975)
• Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Blin

Other scripts

Latin		dan
Ge'ez		ዳን (dan)

Noun

dan (plural shan)

1. brother

References

• Reinisch, L. (1987). Die Blin-Sprache. (In German), page 106

Bonggo

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Cornelis L. Voorhoeve, Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist (1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), page 128

Catalan

Verb

dan

1. third-person plural present indicative of dar

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German dan, from Old High German dan, from Proto-West Germanic *þan (“then, at that time”). Cognate with German dann, English than. Doublet of dénne.

Conjunction

dan

1. (Sette Comuni) than

   Synonyms: bèdar, ken, kédar

   Ich limme libor diiza dan dòi. ― I'd rather take this than that.

   Dis is pessor dan des. ― This is better than that.

References

• “dan” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974), Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Cornish

Noun

dan

1. soft mutation of tan

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdan]
• Rhymes: -an

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese だん (dan).

Noun

dan m anim

1. (martial arts) dan, master and teacher of judo, karate or other Japanese martial arts

Declension

Declension of dan (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	dan	dani, danové
genitive	dana	danů
dative	danovi, danu	danům
accusative	dana	dany
vocative	dane	dani, danové
locative	danovi, danu	danech
instrumental	danem	dany

Noun

dan m inan

1. (martial arts) dan, master degree in judo and karate

Declension

Declension of dan (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	dan	dany
genitive	danu	danů
dative	danu	danům
accusative	dan	dany
vocative	dane	dany
locative	danu	danech
instrumental	danem	dany

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin Dania (“Denmark”).

Noun

dan m inan

1. (geology) Danian, stage of Paleogene

Declension

Declension of dan (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	dan	dany
genitive	danu	danů
dative	danu	danům
accusative	dan	dany
vocative	dane	dany
locative	danu	danech
instrumental	danem	dany

Anagrams

• And
• dna
• DNA
• nad

Dongxiang

Etymology

Compare Bonan dam, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *dām. Compare Turkish dam (“roof”), Uyghur تام (tam, “wall”), Salar tam, tām (“wall”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑŋ/

Noun

dan

1. wall

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɑn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: dan
• Rhymes: -ɑn

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch dan, from Old Dutch than, from Proto-West Germanic *þan, from Proto-Germanic *þan.

Adverb

dan

1. then, at that time (in the future)

   Morgen wordt het beter weer, maar dan moet ik weer naar mijn werk.

   Tomorrow the weather will be better, but then I must go to work again.

2. then, after that

   Eerst moet je je tanden poetsen, dan mag je naar bed.

   First you need to brush your teeth, then you may go to bed.

3. then, in that case

   Als het niet had geregend of gesneeuwd had, dan moet de auto toch veilig zijn.

   If it had not rained or snowed, then the car must still be safe.

Usage notes

The adverb dan is often used in Dutch after an imperative with a preceding conditional clause:

• Als u de tijd hebt, bezoekt u dan in ieder geval de haven.

  If you have the time, then be sure to visit the harbour.

Synonyms

• (in the past) toen

Related terms

• nochtans

Descendants

• Afrikaans: dan
• Berbice Creole Dutch: dana
• Negerhollands: dan
• Petjo: dan
• Skepi Creole Dutch: than
• → Sranan Tongo: dan
  • → Kari'na: dan

Conjunction

dan

1. than (in comparison)

   Ik ben ouder dan jij.

   I am older than you.

Synonyms

• als (non-standard)

Descendants

• Afrikaans: dan
• Negerhollands: dan

Preposition

dan

1. but, except

   Niets dan liefde.

   Nothing but love.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 段.

Noun

dan c (plural dans, no diminutive)

1. unit of grading proficiency of black belt or greater than black-belt in Japanese martial arts

Anagrams

• DNA

Emilian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdaŋ/

Verb

dan

1. third-person plural present indicative of dèr

Fanamaket

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Frantisek Lichtenberk, Sequentiality-Futurity Links, Oceanic Linguistics 53:1 (2014), pages 61-91

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 段 (dan), from Chinese 段 (duàn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Noun

dan m (plural dans)

1. dan

Further reading

• “dan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Verb

dan

1. third-person plural present indicative of dar

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French dent (“tooth”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dã/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

dan

1. tooth

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *dahan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqan (“branch, bough”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/

Noun

dan

1. branch (part of plant)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*daqan”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /dan/ [dan]
• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: dan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay dan, probably clipping of Old Malay dangan, or Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ)-an.

Conjunction

dan

1. and (used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 段 (dan).

Noun

dan

1. (martial arts) a rank in judo, karate and kenpo

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/
• Hyphenation: dan

Verb

dan

1. apocopic form of danno (“they give”)

Japanese

Romanization

dan

1. Rōmaji transcription of だん

Jassic

Etymology

From Alanic *dan, from Proto-Scythian *dān, Proto-Iranian *dáHnu, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáHnu, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu. Cognate with Ossetian дон (don), Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬥𐬎 (dānu, “river”), Sanskrit दानु (dānu, “drop, dew”).

Noun

dan

1. water

Further reading

• Fridrik Thordarson, Ossetic Grammatical Studies (2009)
• Magyarrá lett keleti népek (Viktor Szombathy, Gyula László; 1988), reproducing the only surviving wordlist

Kis

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Ladin

Preposition

dan

1. in front of, before

Lavatbura-Lamusong

Noun

dan

1. water

Usage notes

Takes various 'article' prefixes, such as la-dan (in the Madak dialect) and e-dan (in other Lamusong dialects).

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
• Bob Lee, Noun Phrases in Madak

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/
• Rhymes: -dan, -an

Conjunction

dan (Jawi spelling دان)

1. and (used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera)

Descendants

• Indonesian: dan

Maltese

Alternative forms

• dana, da

Etymology

From Arabic ذَا (ḏā, “this, that”). The paragogic -n probably spread from the plural, where it originated by analogy with hawn (“here”) and/or with the plural ending -in (compare Algerian Arabic هادون (hādūn) alongside هادو (hādū)). Some earlier scholars instead suspected a connection with Aramaic דנה (dənā, “this, that”), but this was based on the widely obsolete theory of a Punic substratum in Maltese.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /daːn/
• Rhymes: -aːn

Determiner

dan (feminine din, plural dawn)

1. this

Usage notes

• May contract with the following article: dan ir-raġel → dar-raġel (“this man”). The full form is commoner, however, except in expressions like dax-xahar (“this month”).
• The feminine singular contracts to di-, the plural to da- like the masculine: dil-ġimgħa (“this week”), das-snin (“these years”).

Coordinate terms

• dak
• hedan, hedak

Derived terms

• daxkien

Mandarin

Romanization

dan

1. nonstandard spelling of dān
2. nonstandard spelling of dǎn
3. nonstandard spelling of dàn

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Manikion

Pronoun

dan

1. I

See also

Inflection of dan

			simple		reflexive
			stem	iotated
singular	first-person		dan	dani	danin
	second-person		ban	bani	banin
	third-person		en	eni	enin
dual	first-person	exclusive	aman	amani	amanin
		inclusive	nanan	nanani	nananin
	second-person		yan	yani	yanin
	third-person		lan	lani	lanin
plural	first-person	exclusive	emen	emeni	emenin
		inclusive	maman	mamani	mamanin
	second-person		yen	yeni	yenin
	third-person		len	leni	lenin

References

• A Grammar Sketch of Sougb, in Languages of the Eastern Bird's Head (2002)

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From French dans.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɑ̃/

Preposition

dan

1. in
2. within

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch than, from Proto-West Germanic *þan, from Proto-Germanic *þan.

Adverb

dan

1. then, after that
2. then, in that case
3. thus, therefore

Descendants

• Dutch: dan

Conjunction

dan

1. than (in comparisons)
2. other than (with negation)

Descendants

• Dutch: dan

Etymology 2

Contraction

dan

1. contraction of dat ne

Further reading

• “dan (V)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “dan (VI)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “dan (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Alternative forms

• dane, danz, daun, daunz, dawn
• (preceding labials) dam, dame, damp

Etymology

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman daun, daunz and Old French dan, dam, from Latin dominus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dau̯n/, /dan/

Noun

dan (singular only)

1. A respectful term of address for a (male) scholar, noble, or cleric.
2. (literary, rare) A respectful term of address for a classical deity.
3. (rare) A male noble or member of the clergy.

Descendants

• English: dan, Dan (obsolete)

References

• “daun, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Nigerian Pidgin

Etymology

From English than.

Conjunction

dan

1. than

Preposition

dan

1. than
   • 2025 April 23, Orla Guerin, “More dan 150 pipo injure as earthquakes shake buildings for Turkey Istanbul”, in w:BBC News Pidgin‎^[1]:

     For 2023, two giant earthquakes bin destroy southern Turkey, e kill more dan 55,000 pipo.

     In 2023, two giant earthquakes destroyed southern Turkey, each killed more than 55,000 people.

North Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian thīn.

Determiner

dan (feminine and neuter din, plural din) (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring)

1. your, thy (second-person singular possessive determiner)

Pronoun

dan (feminine and neuter din, plural (Föhr-Amrum) dinen or (Mooring) din) (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring)

1. yours, thine (second-person singular possessive pronoun)

See also

Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)

			personal					possessive
			subject case		object case			masculine referent	feminine / neuter referent	plural referent
			full	reduced	full	reduced				attributive	independent
singular	1st		ik	'k	mi			man	min		minen
	2nd		dü	–	di			dan	din		dinen
	3rd	m	hi	'r	ham	'n		san	sin		sinen
		f or n	hat	at, 't		at, 't
plural	1st		wi	'f	üs			üüs			üüsen
								üsens
	2nd		jam	'm	jam			jau			jauen
								jamens
	3rd		jo	's	jo	's		hör			hören
								hörens

• The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
• At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
• Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör.
• Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
• The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)

			personal					possessive
			subject case		object case			masculine referent	feminine / neuter / plural referent
			full	reduced	full	reduced
singular	1st		ik	'k	me			man	min
	2nd		dü	–	de			dan	din
	3rd	m	hi	'r	ham	'n		san	sin
		f	jü	's	har	's		harn	har
		n	hat	et, 't	ham	et, 't		san	sin
plural	1st		we		üs			üüsen	üüs
	2nd		jam	'm	jam			jarnge
	3rd		ja	's	ja, jam	's		jare

The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)

			personal					possessive
			subject case		object case			singular referent	plural referent
			full	reduced	full	reduced			attributive	independent
singular	1st		ik	'k	mi			min		minen
	2nd		dü	–	di			din		dinen
	3rd	m	hi	'r	höm	'n		sin		sinen
		f	jü	's	höör	's		höör		höören
		n	hat	et, 't	höm	et, 't		sin		sinen
dual	1st		wat		unk		unk		unken
	2nd		at		junk		junk		junken
	3rd		jat		jam	's	jaar		jaaren
plural	1st		wü		üüs		üüs		üüsen
	2nd		i		juu		juu		juuen
	3rd		ja	's	jam	's	jaar		jaaren

• The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
• Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
• The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
• Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti, imperfective form of the root *deh₃-.

Verb

dan

1. to give, to grant, to provide with

Conjugation

conjugation of dan

infinitive						dan
gerund						{{{ger}}}
indicative active (positive)
present	1s	ez didim	1p	em didin	past	1s	min [[{{{1s-past}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-past}}}]]
	2s	tu didî	2p	hûn didin		2s	te [[{{{2s-past}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-past}}}]]
	3s	ew dide	3p	ew didin		3s	wê/wî [[{{{3s-past}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-past}}}]]
future	1s	ez ê bidim	1p	em ê bidin	future perfect	1s	ez ê dabim	1p	em ê dabin
	2s	tu yê bidî	2p	hûn ê bidin		2s	tu yê dabî	2p	hûn ê dabin
	3s	ew ê bide	3p	ew ê bidin		3s	ew ê dabe	3p	ew ê dabin
present perfect	1s	min [[{{{1s-perf}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-perf}}}]]	pluperfect	1s	min [[{{{1s-plup}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-plup}}}]]
	2s	te [[{{{2s-perf}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-perf}}}]]		2s	te [[{{{2s-plup}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-plup}}}]]
	3s	wî [[{{{3s-perf}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-perf}}}]]		3s	wî [[{{{3s-plup}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-plup}}}]]
imperative	2s	(tu) de	2p	(hûn) din
indicative active (negative)
present	1s	ez nadim	1p	em nadin	past	1s	min [[{{{1s-past-neg}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-past-neg}}}]]
	2s	tu nadî	2p	hûn nadin		2s	te [[{{{2s-past-neg}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-past-neg}}}]]
	3s	ew nade	3p	ew nadin		3s	wê/wî [[{{{3s-past-neg}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-past-neg}}}]]
future	1s	ez ê nedim	1p	emê nedin	future perfect	1s	ez ê nedabim	1p	emê nedabin
	2s	tu yê nedî	2p	hûnê nedin		2s	tu yê nedabî	2p	hûn ê nedabin
	3s	ew ê nede	3p	ew ê nedin		3s	ew ê nedabe	3p	ew ê nedabin
present perfect	1s	min [[{{{1s-perf-neg}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-perf-neg}}}]]	pluperfect	1s	min [[{{{1s-plup-neg}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-plup-neg}}}]]
	2s	te [[{{{2s-perf-neg}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-perf-neg}}}]]		2s	te [[{{{2s-plup-neg}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-plup-neg}}}]]
	3s	wî [[{{{3s-perf-neg}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-perf-neg}}}]]		3s	wî [[{{{3s-plup-neg}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-plup-neg}}}]]
imperative	2s	(tu) nede	2p	(hûn) nedin
subjunctive active
present	1s	ez [[{{{1s-pres-subj}}}]]	1p	em [[{{{1p-pres-subj}}}]]	pluperfect	1s	min [[{{{1s-plup-subj}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-plup-subj}}}]]
	2s	tu [[{{{2s-pres-subj}}}]]	2p	hûn [[{{{2p-pres-subj}}}]]		2s	te [[{{{2s-plup-subj}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-plup-subj}}}]]
	3s	ew [[{{{3s-pres-subj}}}]]	3p	ew [[{{{3p-pres-subj}}}]]		3s	wî [[{{{3s-plup-subj}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-plup-subj}}}]]
present perfect	1s	min [[{{{1s-perf-subj}}}]]	1p	me [[{{{1p-perf-subj}}}]]
	2s	te [[{{{2s-perf-subj}}}]]	2p	we [[{{{2p-perf-subj}}}]]
	3s	wî [[{{{3s-perf-subj}}}]]	3p	wan [[{{{3p-perf-subj}}}]]
conditional active
conditional I	1s	min ê [[{{{1s-cond1}}}]]	1p	me yê [[{{{1p-cond1}}}]]	conditional II	1s	min ê [[{{{1s-cond2}}}]]	1p	me yê [[{{{1p-cond2}}}]]
	2s	te yê [[{{{2s-cond1}}}]]	2p	we yê [[{{{2p-cond1}}}]]		2s	te yê [[{{{2s-cond2}}}]]	2p	we yê [[{{{2p-cond2}}}]]
	3s	wî/wê yê [[{{{3s-cond1}}}]]	3p	wan ê [[{{{3p-cond1}}}]]		3s	wî/wê yê [[{{{3s-cond2}}}]]	3p	wan ê [[{{{3p-cond2}}}]]
infinitive		hatin dan
indicative passive
present	1s	ez [[{{{1s-pres-pas}}}]]	1p	em [[{{{1p-pres-pas}}}]]	past	1s	ez [[{{{1s-past-pas}}}]]	1p	em [[{{{1p-past-pas}}}]]
	2s	tu [[{{{2s-pres-pas}}}]]	2p	hûn [[{{{2p-pres-pas}}}]]		2s	tu [[{{{2s-past-pas}}}]]	2p	hûn[[{{{2p-past-pas}}}]]
	3s	ew [[{{{3s-pres-pas}}}]]	3p	ew [[{{{3p-pres-pas}}}]]		3s	ew [[{{{3s-past-pas}}}]]	3p	ew [[{{{3p-past-pas}}}]]
future	1s	ez ê [[{{{1s-fut-pas}}}]]	1p	em ê [[{{{1p-fut-pas}}}]]	future perfect	1s	ez ê [[{{{1s-fut-prf-pas}}}]]	1p	em ê [[{{{1p-fut-prf-pas}}}]]
	2s	tu yê [[{{{2s-fut-pas}}}]]	2p	hûn ê [[{{{2p-fut-pas}}}]]		2s	tu yê [[{{{2s-fut-prf-pas}}}]]	2p	hûn ê [[{{{2p-fut-prf-pas}}}]]
	3s	ew ê [[{{{3s-fut-pas}}}]]	3p	ew ê [[{{{3p-fut-pas}}}]]		3s	ew ê [[{{{3s-fut-prf-pas}}}]]	3p	ew ê [[{{{3p-fut-prf-pas}}}]]
present perfect	1s	ez [[{{{1s-perf-pas}}}]]	1p	em [[{{{2p-perf-pas}}}]]	pluperfect	1s	ez [[{{{1s-plup-pas}}}]]	1p	em [[{{{1p-plup-pas}}}]]
	2s	tu [[{{{2s-perf-pas}}}]]	2p	hûn [[{{{2p-perf-pas}}}]]		2s	tu [[{{{2s-plup-pas}}}]]	2p	hûn [[{{{2p-plup-pas}}}]]
	3s	ew [[{{{3s-perf-pas}}}]]	3p	ew [[{{{3p-perf-pas}}}]]		3s	ew [[{{{3s-plup-pas}}}]]	3p	ew [[{{{3p-plup-pas}}}]]

Derived terms

• badan
• berdan
• dadan
• hildan
• vedan

Northern Sami

Determiner

dan

1. accusative/genitive singular of dat

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse danr, from Proto-Germanic *danaz.

Alternative forms

• dane

Noun

dan m (definite singular danen, indefinite plural daner or danar, definite plural danene or danane)

1. Dane (only used in names)

Related terms

• Danmark (“Denmark”)
• dansk (“Danish”)

Male given names:

• Dan
• Dane
• Danvard
• Danvid
• Halvdan
• Jordan
• Sigdan
• Vedan

Female given names:

• Dana
• Danfrid
• Danhild

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German dān, past participle of dôn (“to do”). Akin to English done.

Adjective

dan (neuter dant, definite singular and plural dane, comparative danare, indefinite superlative danast, definite superlative danaste)

1. eager
2. lustful
3. moved, impressed, especially by fear

References

• Eivind Vågslid (1988), Norderlendske fyrenamn (in Norwegian Nynorsk), →ISBN, page 77
• “dan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “dan” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Plautdietsch

Etymology

From Middle Low German dan, from Old Saxon than, from Proto-West Germanic *þan.

Adverb

dan

1. then (sequential), after that

Polabian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dьnь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdan/

Noun

dan m ?

1. day

Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian than, from Proto-West Germanic *þan, from Proto-Germanic *þan. Cognates include West Frisian dan and German dann.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/
• Hyphenation: dan
• Rhymes: -an

Adverb

dan

1. then (in that case)

Conjunction

dan

1. for, since
   • 2000, Marron C. Fort, transl., Dät Näie Tästamänt un do Psoolme in ju aasterlauwerfräiske Uurtoal fon dät Seelterlound, Fräislound, Butjoarlound, Aastfräislound un do Groninger Umelounde [The New Testament and the Psalms in the East Frisian language, native to Saterland, Friesland, Butjadingen, East Frisia and the Ommelanden of Groningen], →ISBN, Dät Evangelium ätter Matthäus 1:21:

     Ju skäl n Súun bere; him skääst du dän Nome Jesus reke; dan hie skäl sien Foulk fon sien Sänden ferleze.

     She will bear a son; you will give him the name Jesus; for he will free his people from their sins.

References

• Marron C. Fort (2015), “dan”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• den (Kajkavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьnь (“day”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dâːn/
• Rhymes: -âːn

Noun

dȃn m inan (Cyrillic spelling да̑н)

1. day

   Dan obuke ― Training Day

Declension

Declension of dan

	singular	plural
nominative	dȃn	dȃni
genitive	dȃna	dánā
dative	dȃnu	dȃnima
accusative	dȃn	dȃne
vocative	dȃne	dȃni
locative	dȃnu	dȃnima
instrumental	dȃnom	dȃnima

Derived terms

• dánju
• dȍbar dȃn
• dan i noć

See also

• dno

Slavomolisano

Etymology

From Serbo-Croatian dan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dâːn/

Noun

dan m

1. day
   • 2010, Rino John Gliosca, Bonifacio en Amérique:

     E na dan, je čija baliže, e je vaza put za sa vrni doma.

     And one day he packed his suitcases and left to return home.

Declension

Declension of dan (inan series-1b masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	dan	dana
genitive	dana	dan, dani
dative	danu	danami, dani
accusative	dan	dana
locative	danu	dana
instrumental	danom, danam	danami, dani

References

• Breu, W., Mader Skender, M. B. & Piccoli, G. 2013. Oral texts in Molise Slavic (Italy): Acquaviva Collecroce. In Adamou, E., Breu, W., Drettas, G. & Scholze, L. (eds.). 2013. EuroSlav2010: Elektronische Datenbank bedrohter slavischer Varietäten in nichtslavophonen Ländern Europas – Base de données électronique de variétés slaves menacées dans des pays européens non slavophones. Konstanz: Universität / Paris: Lacito (Internet Publication).

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *dьnь (“day”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dáːn/

Noun

dȃn m inan

1. day

   Antonym: nọ̑č

Declension

Declension of dan (masculine inanimate, irregular)
nom. sing.	dan
gen. sing.	dneva, dne
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	dan	dneva	dnevi
accusative	dan	dneva	dneve, dni
genitive	dneva, dne	dnevov, dni	dnevov, dni
dative	dnevu	dnevoma, dnema	dnevom, dnem
locative	dnevu	dnevih, dneh	dnevih, dneh
instrumental	dnevom, dnem	dnevoma, dnema	dnevi

Derived terms

• days of the week: dnévi v tédnu (appendix): ponedéljek · tôrek · sréda · četŕtek · pétek · sobóta · nedélja ^[edit]
• dọ́ber dȃn

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dàːn/

Participle

dán

1. past passive participle of dáti

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Hard
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom. sing.	dán	dána	dáno
singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	dán ind dáni def	dána	dáno
genitive	dánega	dáne	dánega
dative	dánemu	dáni	dánemu
accusative	nominativeinan or genitiveanim	dáno	dáno
locative	dánem	dáni	dánem
instrumental	dánim	dáno	dánim
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	dána	dáni	dáni
genitive	dánih	dánih	dánih
dative	dánima	dánima	dánima
accusative	dána	dáni	dáni
locative	dánih	dánih	dánih
instrumental	dánima	dánima	dánima
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	dáni	dáne	dána
genitive	dánih	dánih	dánih
dative	dánim	dánim	dánim
accusative	dáne	dáne	dána
locative	dánih	dánih	dánih
instrumental	dánimi	dánimi	dánimi

Further reading

• “dan”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdan/ [ˈd̪ãn]

• Audio (Latin America):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: dan

Etymology 1

Noun

dan m (plural danes)

1. (martial arts) dan

Etymology 2

Verb

dan

1. third-person plural present indicative of dar

Further reading

• “dan”, in w:Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, w:Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

Sursurunga

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Malcolm Ross, Andrew Pawley, Meredith Osmond (editors), The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic: The physical environment, Pacific Linguistics, 545-2. Australian National University, Canberra, 2003, page 59

Swedish

Alternative forms

• da'n

Etymology 1

Clipping of dagen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɑːn/

Noun

dan

1. (colloquial) contraction of dagen, definite singular of dag

Derived terms

• grabben hela dan

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish dan, from Old Norse danir, from Proto-Germanic *daniz.

Noun

dan c

1. (historical) Dane (inhabitant of ancient Denmark)

Usage notes

Typically plural.

Declension

Declension of dan

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	dan	dans
	definite	danen	danens
plural	indefinite	daner	daners
	definite	danerna	danernas

Etymology 3

The perfect participle of Middle Low German don, in other words: "done".

Adjective

dan (not comparable)

1. (colloquial) constituted in a certain manner

   Han är märklig och dan

   He is strange and stuff (idiomatically, where it is close to a filler)

Declension

Inflection of dan

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	dan	—	—
neuter singular	dant	—	—
plural	dana	—	—
masculine plural2	dane	—	—
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	dane	—	—
all	dana	—	—

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Derived terms

• halvdan
• hurdan
• likadan
• sådan

Related terms

• dana
• don

References

• dan in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• dan in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• dan in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• -nad, and

Tarpia

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Cornelis L. Voorhoeve, Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist (1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), page 128

Volapük

Noun

dan (uncountable dans)

1. thanks

Declension

Declension of dan

	singular
nominative	dan
genitive	dana
dative	dane
accusative	dani
vocative 1	o dan!
predicative 2	danu

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Warembori

Noun

dan

1. water

References

• Mark Donohue, Warembori, Lincom Europa, 1999

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/
• Rhymes: -an

Etymology 1

Soft mutation of tan (“under”).

Preposition

dan (triggers soft mutation on a following noun)

1. under

   Synonym: islaw

2. (literary) soft mutation of tan (“under”)

   Synonym: islaw

Usage notes

In literary Welsh, tan can mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however, dan (originally the soft mutation of tan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereas tan means "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Modern dan or tan are not usually mutated. o dan is an alternative to dan.

Inflection

Personal forms (literary)

	singular	plural
first person	danof	danom
second person	danot	danoch
third person	dano m dani f	danynt

Personal forms (colloquial)

	singular	plural
first person	dano i/fi, dana i	danon ni
second person	danot ti, danat ti	danoch chi
third person	dano fe/fo m dani hi f	danyn nhw

Alternative forms

• o dan

Derived terms

• dan adain (“under the wing of, under the protection of”)
• dan anfantais (“disadvantaged”)
• dan bwysau (“under pressure”)
• dan din (“underhanded, deceitfully”)
• dan do (“indoors”)
• dan ddylanwad (“under influence”)
• dan glo (“under lock and key”)
• dan haul (“under the sun”)
• dan nawdd (“under the auspices of”)
• dan oed (“underage”)
• dan ofal (“under the care of”)
• dan sang (“crowded, packed”)
• dan warant (“under guarantee”)
• dan y don (“under the sea”)
• dan y gyfraith (“under the law”)
• dan y rhod (“under the sun”)
• dan ystyriaeth (“under consideration”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of tan

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
tan	dan	nhan	than

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology 2

Verb

dan

1. (North Wales) first-person plural present colloquial of bod

Synonyms

• ydym, ŷm (literary)
• ŷn (South Wales)

Mutation

Dan does not mutate.

Western Maninkakan

Noun

dan

1. border

Wogeo

Noun

dan

1. (fresh) water

References

• Mats Exter, Phonetik und Phonologie des Wogeo (2003), Arbeitspapier, Neue Folge 46, Colonha, Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Köln, page 65
• Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Yola

Etymology

Cognate with English dan (“dan buoy”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dan/

Noun

dan

1. A marker for pots and nets.

References

• Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990), “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, in lrish University Review‎^[2], volume 20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page 156

Yoruba

Alternative forms

• dẹn (Òǹkò)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dã̄/

Verb

dan

1. (transitive) to counteract or neutralize someone's charm or spell

   àwọn ológùn-ún dan araa wọn ― The men with ritual powers neutralized each other's spells

Derived terms

• ìdan
• ẹ̀dan (“neutralizing charm”)
• adan

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• dẹ́n (Òǹkò)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dã́/

Verb

dán

1. (intransitive, copulative, stative, descriptive) to shine, to be smooth

   àwọ̀ ọ́ dán ― The skin is shining

2. (transitive) to polish or shine something
3. (transitive) to boast

   Synonyms: dánnu, janu

4. (transitive) to scrape or smoothen something; to shave

   Synonym: fá

   ó dán orí rẹ̀ ― He shaved his head

Usage notes

• Sense 3 is primarily used in the form dánnu

Derived terms

• adán
• dánnu
• dánrí-dánrí (“one who shaves his head bald”)
• dídán (“polished/shining”)
• àdúmáadán (“someone dark-skinned and shining”)
• ìdán