denarius

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dēnārius. Doublet of dinar.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /dɪˈnɑːɹɪəs/

Noun

denarius (plural denarii or denariuses)

1. (Ancient Rome) A small silver coin issued both during the Roman Republic and during the Roman Empire, equal to 10 asses or 4 sesterces.
   • 1966, James Workman, The Mad Emperor, Melbourne, Sydney: Scripts, page 146:

     "Sorry, I thought you were Aurel. He owes me a denarius. Have you seen him?"

Usage notes

• The usual plural is denarii, but denariuses is also well attested.

Translations

silver coin

• Bactrian: διναρο (dinaro)
• Catalan: denari (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 迪納厄斯, 迪纳厄斯 (dínàèsī)

• Kannada: ದೀನಾರ (dīnāra)
• Khwarezmian: dynʾr
• Finnish: denaari (fi)
• French: denier (fr) m
• German: Denar (de) m
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: δηνάριον n (dēnárion)

• Japanese: デナリウス (denariusu), デナリ (denari), デナリオン (denarion)
• Latin: dēnārius (la) m
• Middle Persian: dynʾl‎ (dēnār)
• Parthian: 𐭃𐭉𐭍𐭓‎ (dēnār)
• Polish: denar (pl) m
• Portuguese: denário m
• Russian: дина́рий (ru) m (dinárij), дена́рий (ru) m (denárij), дина́р (ru) m (dinár)
• Swahili: dinari (sw) 9 or 10

Anagrams

• Eridanus, unraised

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Latin

Etymology

From dēnī (“ten each”) +‎ -ārius.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /deːˈnaː.ri.us/, [d̪eːˈnaː.ɾi.ʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /deˈna.ri.us/, [d̪ɛˈnaː.ri.us]

Adjective

dēnārius (feminine dēnāria, neuter dēnārium); first/second-declension adjective

1. Containing or consisting of ten things
2. denary

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	dēnārius	dēnāria	dēnārium		dēnāriī	dēnāriae	dēnāria
Genitive	dēnāriī	dēnāriae	dēnāriī		dēnāriōrum	dēnāriārum	dēnāriōrum
Dative	dēnāriō		dēnāriō		dēnāriīs
Accusative	dēnārium	dēnāriam	dēnārium		dēnāriōs	dēnāriās	dēnāria
Ablative	dēnāriō	dēnāriā	dēnāriō		dēnāriīs
Vocative	dēnārie	dēnāria	dēnārium		dēnāriī	dēnāriae	dēnāria

Noun

dēnārius m (genitive dēnāriī or dēnārī); second declension

1. denarius (due to a single coin's value of 10 asses each)

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	dēnārius	dēnāriī
Genitive	dēnāriī dēnārī1	dēnāriōrum
Dative	dēnāriō	dēnāriīs
Accusative	dēnārium	dēnāriōs
Ablative	dēnāriō	dēnāriīs
Vocative	dēnārie	dēnāriī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Related terms

• 𐆖 (the symbol for the denarius)

Descendants

• Arabic: دِينار‎ (dīnār) (borrowing through Syriac and Ancient Greek)
• Ancient Greek: δηνάριον (dēnárion) (borrowing, Koine and later)
• Aragonese: denario (borrowing), dinero
• Asturian: denariu (borrowing), dineru
• Catalan: denari (borrowing), diner
• Corsican: dinaru
• English: denier (through Old French), denar (through a South Slavic language), denary (borrowing through Middle English), dinar (through Arabic), denarius (direct borrowing)
• Esperanto: denaro (borrowing)
• French: dénaire (borrowing), denier
• Friulian: denâr

• Galician: denario (borrowing), diñeiro
• German: Denar (borrowing)
• Italian: denario (borrowing), denaro, danaro, danaio
• Mirandese: denheiro
• Old French: denier
• Old Portuguese: dĩeiro
• Polish: denar (borrowing)
• Portuguese: denário (borrowing), dinheiro

• Romanian: denar (borrowing), dinar (through Greek and South Slavic)
• Romansch: denar, daner
• Slovene: denar (borrowing)
• Sicilian: dinaru
• Spanish: denario (borrowing), dinero
• Venetian: danaro

References

• denarius in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• denarius in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• denarius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• denarius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • corn had gone up to 50 denarii the bushel: ad denarios L in singulos modios annona pervenerat
    
• denarius in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• denarius in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin