devenir
French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old French devenir, from Latin dēvenīre, from dē + veniō.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]devenir m (plural devenirs)
Derived terms
[edit]Verb
[edit]devenir
Conjugation
[edit]This is a verb in a group of -ir verbs. All verbs ending in -venir, such as convenir and revenir, are conjugated this way. Such verbs are the only verbs whose the past historic and subjunctive imperfect endings do not start in one of these thematic vowels (-a-, -i-, -u-).
infinitive | simple | devenir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | être + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | devenant /də.v(ə).nɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | devenu /də.v(ə).ny/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | deviens /də.vjɛ̃/ |
deviens /də.vjɛ̃/ |
devient /də.vjɛ̃/ |
devenons /də.v(ə).nɔ̃/ |
devenez /də.v(ə).ne/ |
deviennent /də.vjɛn/ |
imperfect | devenais /də.v(ə).nɛ/ |
devenais /də.v(ə).nɛ/ |
devenait /də.v(ə).nɛ/ |
devenions /də.və.njɔ̃/ |
deveniez /də.və.nje/ |
devenaient /də.v(ə).nɛ/ | |
past historic2 | devins /də.vɛ̃/ |
devins /də.vɛ̃/ |
devint /də.vɛ̃/ |
devînmes /də.vɛ̃m/ |
devîntes /də.vɛ̃t/ |
devinrent /də.vɛ̃ʁ/ | |
future | deviendrai /də.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ |
deviendras /də.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ |
deviendra /də.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ |
deviendrons /də.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
deviendrez /də.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ |
deviendront /də.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | deviendrais /də.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
deviendrais /də.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
deviendrait /də.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
deviendrions /də.vjɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
deviendriez /də.vjɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
deviendraient /də.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of être + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of être + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of être + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of être + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | devienne /də.vjɛn/ |
deviennes /də.vjɛn/ |
devienne /də.vjɛn/ |
devenions /də.və.njɔ̃/ |
deveniez /də.və.nje/ |
deviennent /də.vjɛn/ |
imperfect2 | devinsse /də.vɛ̃s/ |
devinsses /də.vɛ̃s/ |
devînt /də.vɛ̃/ |
devinssions /də.vɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ |
devinssiez /də.vɛ̃.sje/ |
devinssent /də.vɛ̃s/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | deviens /də.vjɛ̃/ |
— | devenons /də.v(ə).nɔ̃/ |
devenez /də.v(ə).ne/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “devenir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
[edit]Interlingua
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From French.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]devenir
- to become
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | devenir | ||
---|---|---|---|
participle | present | perfect | |
deveniente | devenite | ||
active | simple | perfect | |
present | deveni | ha devenite | |
past | deveniva | habeva devenite | |
future | devenira | habera devenite | |
conditional | devenirea | haberea devenite | |
imperative | deveni | ||
passive | simple | perfect | |
present | es devenite | ha essite devenite | |
past | esseva devenite | habeva essite devenite | |
future | essera devenite | habera essite devenite | |
conditional | esserea devenite | haberea essite devenite | |
imperative | sia devenite |
Old French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First known attestation circa 980 as devenguz (nominative masculine singular past participle form). From Latin devenīre, present active infinitive of deveniō.
Verb
[edit]devenir
- to become, to turn into
- c. 1250, Marie de France, Yonec:
- Chevaliers bels e genz devint.
- He turned into a handsome, noble knight.
Conjugation
[edit]This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem devien distinct from the unstressed stem deven, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | devenir | avoir devenu | |||||
gerund | en devenant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | devenant | ||||||
past participle | devenu | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | devieng, devien | deviens | devient | devenons | devenez | devienent |
imperfect | devenoie, deveneie | devenoies, deveneies | devenoit, deveneit | deveniiens, deveniens | deveniiez, deveniez | devenoient, deveneient | |
preterite | devin | devenis | devint | devenimes | devenistes | devindrent, devinrent | |
future | devendrai | devendras | devendra | devendrons | devendroiz, devendreiz, devendrez | devendront | |
conditional | devendroie, devendreie | devendroies, devendreies | devendroit, devendreit | devendriiens, devendriens | devendriiez, devendriez | devendroient, devendreient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | deviegne | deviegnes | deviegne | deviegniens, deviegnons | deviegniez | deviegnent |
imperfect | devenisse | devenisses | devenist | devenissons, devenissiens | devenissoiz, devenissez, devenissiez | devenissent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | devien | — | devenons | devenez | — |
Descendants
[edit]- French: devenir
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]devenir (first-person singular present devengo, first-person singular preterite devine, past participle devenido)
Conjugation
[edit]Noun
[edit]devenir m (plural devenires)
Further reading
[edit]- “devenir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
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