Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-dinwa
- (intransitive) to be tired
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From -dina + -wa.
Verb
-dinwa
- (intransitive) to be tired, to be made tired
Inflection
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukudinwa
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukudinwa
|
ukungadinwa
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
dinwa
|
-dinwe
|
Plural
|
dinwani
|
-dinweni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyadinwa, ngidinwa
|
engidinwayo, engidinwa
|
ngidinwa
|
angidinwa
|
engingadinwa
|
ngingadinwa
|
2nd singular
|
uyadinwa, udinwa
|
odinwayo, odinwa
|
udinwa
|
awudinwa
|
ongadinwa
|
ungadinwa
|
1st plural
|
siyadinwa, sidinwa
|
esidinwayo, esidinwa
|
sidinwa
|
asidinwa
|
esingadinwa
|
singadinwa
|
2nd plural
|
niyadinwa, nidinwa
|
enidinwayo, enidinwa
|
nidinwa
|
anidinwa
|
eningadinwa
|
ningadinwa
|
Class 1
|
uyadinwa, udinwa
|
odinwayo, odinwa
|
edinwa
|
akadinwa
|
ongadinwa
|
engadinwa
|
Class 2
|
bayadinwa, badinwa
|
abadinwayo, abadinwa
|
bedinwa
|
abadinwa
|
abangadinwa
|
bengadinwa
|
Class 3
|
uyadinwa, udinwa
|
odinwayo, odinwa
|
udinwa
|
awudinwa
|
ongadinwa
|
ungadinwa
|
Class 4
|
iyadinwa, idinwa
|
edinwayo, edinwa
|
idinwa
|
ayidinwa
|
engadinwa
|
ingadinwa
|
Class 5
|
liyadinwa, lidinwa
|
elidinwayo, elidinwa
|
lidinwa
|
alidinwa
|
elingadinwa
|
lingadinwa
|
Class 6
|
ayadinwa, adinwa
|
adinwayo, adinwa
|
edinwa
|
awadinwa
|
angadinwa
|
engadinwa
|
Class 7
|
siyadinwa, sidinwa
|
esidinwayo, esidinwa
|
sidinwa
|
asidinwa
|
esingadinwa
|
singadinwa
|
Class 8
|
ziyadinwa, zidinwa
|
ezidinwayo, ezidinwa
|
zidinwa
|
azidinwa
|
ezingadinwa
|
zingadinwa
|
Class 9
|
iyadinwa, idinwa
|
edinwayo, edinwa
|
idinwa
|
ayidinwa
|
engadinwa
|
ingadinwa
|
Class 10
|
ziyadinwa, zidinwa
|
ezidinwayo, ezidinwa
|
zidinwa
|
azidinwa
|
ezingadinwa
|
zingadinwa
|
Class 11
|
luyadinwa, ludinwa
|
oludinwayo, oludinwa
|
ludinwa
|
aludinwa
|
olungadinwa
|
lungadinwa
|
Class 14
|
buyadinwa, budinwa
|
obudinwayo, obudinwa
|
budinwa
|
abudinwa
|
obungadinwa
|
bungadinwa
|
Class 15
|
kuyadinwa, kudinwa
|
okudinwayo, okudinwa
|
kudinwa
|
akudinwa
|
okungadinwa
|
kungadinwa
|
Class 17
|
kuyadinwa, kudinwa
|
okudinwayo, okudinwa
|
kudinwa
|
akudinwa
|
okungadinwa
|
kungadinwa
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngidiniwe, ngidinwē
|
engidiniwe, engidinwē
|
ngidiniwe, ngidinwē
|
angidinwanga
|
engingadinwanga
|
ngingadinwanga
|
2nd singular
|
udiniwe, udinwē
|
odiniwe, odinwē
|
udiniwe, udinwē
|
awudinwanga
|
ongadinwanga
|
ungadinwanga
|
1st plural
|
sidiniwe, sidinwē
|
esidiniwe, esidinwē
|
sidiniwe, sidinwē
|
asidinwanga
|
esingadinwanga
|
singadinwanga
|
2nd plural
|
nidiniwe, nidinwē
|
enidiniwe, enidinwē
|
nidiniwe, nidinwē
|
anidinwanga
|
eningadinwanga
|
ningadinwanga
|
Class 1
|
udiniwe, udinwē
|
odiniwe, odinwē
|
ediniwe, edinwē
|
akadinwanga
|
ongadinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
Class 2
|
badiniwe, badinwē
|
abadiniwe, abadinwē
|
bediniwe, bedinwē
|
abadinwanga
|
abangadinwanga
|
bengadinwanga
|
Class 3
|
udiniwe, udinwē
|
odiniwe, odinwē
|
udiniwe, udinwē
|
awudinwanga
|
ongadinwanga
|
ungadinwanga
|
Class 4
|
idiniwe, idinwē
|
ediniwe, edinwē
|
idiniwe, idinwē
|
ayidinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
ingadinwanga
|
Class 5
|
lidiniwe, lidinwē
|
elidiniwe, elidinwē
|
lidiniwe, lidinwē
|
alidinwanga
|
elingadinwanga
|
lingadinwanga
|
Class 6
|
adiniwe, adinwē
|
adiniwe, adinwē
|
ediniwe, edinwē
|
awadinwanga
|
angadinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
Class 7
|
sidiniwe, sidinwē
|
esidiniwe, esidinwē
|
sidiniwe, sidinwē
|
asidinwanga
|
esingadinwanga
|
singadinwanga
|
Class 8
|
zidiniwe, zidinwē
|
ezidiniwe, ezidinwē
|
zidiniwe, zidinwē
|
azidinwanga
|
ezingadinwanga
|
zingadinwanga
|
Class 9
|
idiniwe, idinwē
|
ediniwe, edinwē
|
idiniwe, idinwē
|
ayidinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
ingadinwanga
|
Class 10
|
zidiniwe, zidinwē
|
ezidiniwe, ezidinwē
|
zidiniwe, zidinwē
|
azidinwanga
|
ezingadinwanga
|
zingadinwanga
|
Class 11
|
ludiniwe, ludinwē
|
oludiniwe, oludinwē
|
ludiniwe, ludinwē
|
aludinwanga
|
olungadinwanga
|
lungadinwanga
|
Class 14
|
budiniwe, budinwē
|
obudiniwe, obudinwē
|
budiniwe, budinwē
|
abudinwanga
|
obungadinwanga
|
bungadinwanga
|
Class 15
|
kudiniwe, kudinwē
|
okudiniwe, okudinwē
|
kudiniwe, kudinwē
|
akudinwanga
|
okungadinwanga
|
kungadinwanga
|
Class 17
|
kudiniwe, kudinwē
|
okudiniwe, okudinwē
|
kudiniwe, kudinwē
|
akudinwanga
|
okungadinwanga
|
kungadinwanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngādinwa
|
engādinwa
|
ngādinwa
|
angidinwanga
|
engingadinwanga
|
ngingadinwanga
|
2nd singular
|
wādinwa
|
owādinwa
|
wādinwa
|
awudinwanga
|
ongadinwanga
|
ungadinwanga
|
1st plural
|
sādinwa
|
esādinwa
|
sādinwa
|
asidinwanga
|
esingadinwanga
|
singadinwanga
|
2nd plural
|
nādinwa
|
enādinwa
|
nādinwa
|
anidinwanga
|
eningadinwanga
|
ningadinwanga
|
Class 1
|
wādinwa
|
owādinwa
|
ādinwa
|
akadinwanga
|
ongadinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
Class 2
|
bādinwa
|
abādinwa
|
bādinwa
|
abadinwanga
|
abangadinwanga
|
bengadinwanga
|
Class 3
|
wādinwa
|
owādinwa
|
wādinwa
|
awudinwanga
|
ongadinwanga
|
ungadinwanga
|
Class 4
|
yādinwa
|
eyādinwa
|
yādinwa
|
ayidinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
ingadinwanga
|
Class 5
|
lādinwa
|
elādinwa
|
lādinwa
|
alidinwanga
|
elingadinwanga
|
lingadinwanga
|
Class 6
|
ādinwa
|
ādinwa
|
ādinwa
|
awadinwanga
|
angadinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
Class 7
|
sādinwa
|
esādinwa
|
sādinwa
|
asidinwanga
|
esingadinwanga
|
singadinwanga
|
Class 8
|
zādinwa
|
ezādinwa
|
zādinwa
|
azidinwanga
|
ezingadinwanga
|
zingadinwanga
|
Class 9
|
yādinwa
|
eyādinwa
|
yādinwa
|
ayidinwanga
|
engadinwanga
|
ingadinwanga
|
Class 10
|
zādinwa
|
ezādinwa
|
zādinwa
|
azidinwanga
|
ezingadinwanga
|
zingadinwanga
|
Class 11
|
lwādinwa
|
olwādinwa
|
lwādinwa
|
aludinwanga
|
olungadinwanga
|
lungadinwanga
|
Class 14
|
bādinwa
|
obādinwa
|
bādinwa
|
abudinwanga
|
obungadinwanga
|
bungadinwanga
|
Class 15
|
kwādinwa
|
okwādinwa
|
kwādinwa
|
akudinwanga
|
okungadinwanga
|
kungadinwanga
|
Class 17
|
kwādinwa
|
okwādinwa
|
kwādinwa
|
akudinwanga
|
okungadinwanga
|
kungadinwanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingadinwa
|
—
|
ngingadinwa
|
ngingedinwe
|
—
|
ngingedinwe
|
2nd singular
|
ungadinwa
|
—
|
ungadinwa
|
ungedinwe
|
—
|
ungedinwe
|
1st plural
|
singadinwa
|
—
|
singadinwa
|
singedinwe
|
—
|
singedinwe
|
2nd plural
|
ningadinwa
|
—
|
ningadinwa
|
ningedinwe
|
—
|
ningedinwe
|
Class 1
|
angadinwa
|
—
|
engadinwa
|
angedinwe
|
—
|
engedinwe
|
Class 2
|
bangadinwa
|
—
|
bengadinwa
|
bangedinwe
|
—
|
bengedinwe
|
Class 3
|
ungadinwa
|
—
|
ungadinwa
|
ungedinwe
|
—
|
ungedinwe
|
Class 4
|
ingadinwa
|
—
|
ingadinwa
|
ingedinwe
|
—
|
ingedinwe
|
Class 5
|
lingadinwa
|
—
|
lingadinwa
|
lingedinwe
|
—
|
lingedinwe
|
Class 6
|
angadinwa
|
—
|
engadinwa
|
angedinwe
|
—
|
engedinwe
|
Class 7
|
singadinwa
|
—
|
singadinwa
|
singedinwe
|
—
|
singedinwe
|
Class 8
|
zingadinwa
|
—
|
zingadinwa
|
zingedinwe
|
—
|
zingedinwe
|
Class 9
|
ingadinwa
|
—
|
ingadinwa
|
ingedinwe
|
—
|
ingedinwe
|
Class 10
|
zingadinwa
|
—
|
zingadinwa
|
zingedinwe
|
—
|
zingedinwe
|
Class 11
|
lungadinwa
|
—
|
lungadinwa
|
lungedinwe
|
—
|
lungedinwe
|
Class 14
|
bungadinwa
|
—
|
bungadinwa
|
bungedinwe
|
—
|
bungedinwe
|
Class 15
|
kungadinwa
|
—
|
kungadinwa
|
kungedinwe
|
—
|
kungedinwe
|
Class 17
|
kungadinwa
|
—
|
kungadinwa
|
kungedinwe
|
—
|
kungedinwe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizodinwa
|
engizodinwa
|
ngizodinwa
|
angizudinwa
|
engingezudinwa
|
ngingezudinwa
|
2nd singular
|
uzodinwa
|
ozodinwa
|
uzodinwa
|
awuzudinwa
|
ongezudinwa
|
ungezudinwa
|
1st plural
|
sizodinwa
|
esizodinwa
|
sizodinwa
|
asizudinwa
|
esingezudinwa
|
singezudinwa
|
2nd plural
|
nizodinwa
|
enizodinwa
|
nizodinwa
|
anizudinwa
|
eningezudinwa
|
ningezudinwa
|
Class 1
|
uzodinwa
|
ozodinwa
|
ezodinwa
|
akazudinwa
|
ongezudinwa
|
engezudinwa
|
Class 2
|
bazodinwa
|
abazodinwa
|
bezodinwa
|
abazudinwa
|
abangezudinwa
|
bengezudinwa
|
Class 3
|
uzodinwa
|
ozodinwa
|
uzodinwa
|
awuzudinwa
|
ongezudinwa
|
ungezudinwa
|
Class 4
|
izodinwa
|
ezodinwa
|
izodinwa
|
ayizudinwa
|
engezudinwa
|
ingezudinwa
|
Class 5
|
lizodinwa
|
elizodinwa
|
lizodinwa
|
alizudinwa
|
elingezudinwa
|
lingezudinwa
|
Class 6
|
azodinwa
|
azodinwa
|
ezodinwa
|
awazudinwa
|
angezudinwa
|
engezudinwa
|
Class 7
|
sizodinwa
|
esizodinwa
|
sizodinwa
|
asizudinwa
|
esingezudinwa
|
singezudinwa
|
Class 8
|
zizodinwa
|
ezizodinwa
|
zizodinwa
|
azizudinwa
|
ezingezudinwa
|
zingezudinwa
|
Class 9
|
izodinwa
|
ezodinwa
|
izodinwa
|
ayizudinwa
|
engezudinwa
|
ingezudinwa
|
Class 10
|
zizodinwa
|
ezizodinwa
|
zizodinwa
|
azizudinwa
|
ezingezudinwa
|
zingezudinwa
|
Class 11
|
luzodinwa
|
oluzodinwa
|
luzodinwa
|
aluzudinwa
|
olungezudinwa
|
lungezudinwa
|
Class 14
|
buzodinwa
|
obuzodinwa
|
buzodinwa
|
abuzudinwa
|
obungezudinwa
|
bungezudinwa
|
Class 15
|
kuzodinwa
|
okuzodinwa
|
kuzodinwa
|
akuzudinwa
|
okungezudinwa
|
kungezudinwa
|
Class 17
|
kuzodinwa
|
okuzodinwa
|
kuzodinwa
|
akuzudinwa
|
okungezudinwa
|
kungezudinwa
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyodinwa
|
engiyodinwa
|
ngiyodinwa
|
angiyudinwa
|
engingeyudinwa
|
ngingeyudinwa
|
2nd singular
|
uyodinwa
|
oyodinwa
|
uyodinwa
|
awuyudinwa
|
ongeyudinwa
|
ungeyudinwa
|
1st plural
|
siyodinwa
|
esiyodinwa
|
siyodinwa
|
asiyudinwa
|
esingeyudinwa
|
singeyudinwa
|
2nd plural
|
niyodinwa
|
eniyodinwa
|
niyodinwa
|
aniyudinwa
|
eningeyudinwa
|
ningeyudinwa
|
Class 1
|
uyodinwa
|
oyodinwa
|
eyodinwa
|
akayudinwa
|
ongeyudinwa
|
engeyudinwa
|
Class 2
|
bayodinwa
|
abayodinwa
|
beyodinwa
|
abayudinwa
|
abangeyudinwa
|
bengeyudinwa
|
Class 3
|
uyodinwa
|
oyodinwa
|
uyodinwa
|
awuyudinwa
|
ongeyudinwa
|
ungeyudinwa
|
Class 4
|
iyodinwa
|
eyodinwa
|
iyodinwa
|
ayiyudinwa
|
engeyudinwa
|
ingeyudinwa
|
Class 5
|
liyodinwa
|
eliyodinwa
|
liyodinwa
|
aliyudinwa
|
elingeyudinwa
|
lingeyudinwa
|
Class 6
|
ayodinwa
|
ayodinwa
|
eyodinwa
|
awayudinwa
|
angeyudinwa
|
engeyudinwa
|
Class 7
|
siyodinwa
|
esiyodinwa
|
siyodinwa
|
asiyudinwa
|
esingeyudinwa
|
singeyudinwa
|
Class 8
|
ziyodinwa
|
eziyodinwa
|
ziyodinwa
|
aziyudinwa
|
ezingeyudinwa
|
zingeyudinwa
|
Class 9
|
iyodinwa
|
eyodinwa
|
iyodinwa
|
ayiyudinwa
|
engeyudinwa
|
ingeyudinwa
|
Class 10
|
ziyodinwa
|
eziyodinwa
|
ziyodinwa
|
aziyudinwa
|
ezingeyudinwa
|
zingeyudinwa
|
Class 11
|
luyodinwa
|
oluyodinwa
|
luyodinwa
|
aluyudinwa
|
olungeyudinwa
|
lungeyudinwa
|
Class 14
|
buyodinwa
|
obuyodinwa
|
buyodinwa
|
abuyudinwa
|
obungeyudinwa
|
bungeyudinwa
|
Class 15
|
kuyodinwa
|
okuyodinwa
|
kuyodinwa
|
akuyudinwa
|
okungeyudinwa
|
kungeyudinwa
|
Class 17
|
kuyodinwa
|
okuyodinwa
|
kuyodinwa
|
akuyudinwa
|
okungeyudinwa
|
kungeyudinwa
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngidinwe
|
ngingadinwa
|
2nd singular
|
udinwe
|
ungadinwa
|
1st plural
|
sidinwe
|
singadinwa
|
2nd plural
|
nidinwe
|
ningadinwa
|
Class 1
|
adinwe
|
angadinwa
|
Class 2
|
badinwe
|
bangadinwa
|
Class 3
|
udinwe
|
ungadinwa
|
Class 4
|
idinwe
|
ingadinwa
|
Class 5
|
lidinwe
|
lingadinwa
|
Class 6
|
adinwe
|
angadinwa
|
Class 7
|
sidinwe
|
singadinwa
|
Class 8
|
zidinwe
|
zingadinwa
|
Class 9
|
idinwe
|
ingadinwa
|
Class 10
|
zidinwe
|
zingadinwa
|
Class 11
|
ludinwe
|
lungadinwa
|
Class 14
|
budinwe
|
bungadinwa
|
Class 15
|
kudinwe
|
kungadinwa
|
Class 17
|
kudinwe
|
kungadinwa
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngadinwa
|
ngangadinwa, angadinwa, angangadinwa
|
2nd singular
|
wadinwa
|
wangadinwa, awadinwa, awangadinwa
|
1st plural
|
sadinwa
|
sangadinwa, asadinwa, asangadinwa
|
2nd plural
|
nadinwa
|
nangadinwa, anadinwa, anangadinwa
|
Class 1
|
wadinwa
|
wangadinwa, akadinwa, akangadinwa
|
Class 2
|
badinwa
|
bangadinwa, abadinwa, abangadinwa
|
Class 3
|
wadinwa
|
wangadinwa, awadinwa, awangadinwa
|
Class 4
|
yadinwa
|
yangadinwa, ayadinwa, ayangadinwa
|
Class 5
|
ladinwa
|
langadinwa, aladinwa, alangadinwa
|
Class 6
|
adinwa
|
angadinwa, awadinwa, awangadinwa
|
Class 7
|
sadinwa
|
sangadinwa, asadinwa, asangadinwa
|
Class 8
|
zadinwa
|
zangadinwa, azadinwa, azangadinwa
|
Class 9
|
yadinwa
|
yangadinwa, ayadinwa, ayangadinwa
|
Class 10
|
zadinwa
|
zangadinwa, azadinwa, azangadinwa
|
Class 11
|
lwadinwa
|
lwangadinwa, alwadinwa, alwangadinwa
|
Class 14
|
badinwa
|
bangadinwa, abadinwa, abangadinwa
|
Class 15
|
kwadinwa
|
kwangadinwa, akwadinwa, akwangadinwa
|
Class 17
|
kwadinwa
|
kwangadinwa, akwadinwa, akwangadinwa
|
References