doéirig

Old Irish

FWOTD – 5 November 2024

Etymology

From dí- (“from”) +‎ at·reig (“to rise”) (without the infixed pronoun). Although this verb did not survive as such into modern Irish, the modern language does use the same component parts in the expression éirigh de (literally “to rise from”) to mean “abandon”.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d̪oˈheː.ɾʲəɣʲ/
- (Blasse) [d̪oˈheː.ɾʲɪɣʲ]
- (Griffith) [d̪oˈheː.ɾʲɨɣʲ]

Verb

do·éirig (prototonic ·dérig, verbal noun déirge)

to abandon, forsake

Conjugation

Complex, class B I present, t preterite, unreduplicated s future, s subjunctive
		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd	singular	plural
present indicative	deut.						du·ǽrget	du·ǽragar
present indicative	prot.			·dérig	·dérgemar

imperfect indicative	deut.
imperfect indicative	prot.

preterite	deut.
preterite	prot.

perfect	deut.			du·réracht		do·rérachtid, do·rréractid
perfect	prot.						·deraérachtatar

future	deut.	du·ǽrus
future	prot.			·dér		·dérsid, ·déirsid

conditional	deut.	du·ǽrsinn
conditional	prot.			·déirsed

present subjunctive	deut.
present subjunctive	prot.

past subjunctive	deut.
past subjunctive	prot.

imperative

verbal noun		déirge, dǽrge
past participle		dérachtae
verbal of necessity		dérachtai

Note: the future and the present subjunctive have the same form, as do the conditional and the past subjunctive. The forms are listed here as being future/conditional, but in context they could also be present/past subjunctive.

Quotations

c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18^c6
Is machthad limm a threte do·rérachtid máam fírinne et soscéli; .i. i⟨s⟩ súaignid nírubtar gaítha for comairli. Is dían do·rréractid maám ind ṡoscéli.
I marvel how quickly you pl have abandoned the yoke of righteousness and [the] gospel; i.e. it is clear that your counsels have not been wise. It is swiftly that you have abandoned the yoke of the gospel.
(literally, “it is a wonder to me its quickness that…”)

Mutation

Mutation of *do·éirig*
radical	lenition	nasalization
do·éirig (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	do·éirig	do·n-éirig

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.