durian

See also: Durian and durián

English

Durian fruits

Alternative forms

• durion
• darion, dorian, durean, duryoen (obsolete)

Etymology

From Malay durian, ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi (“thorn”). Doublet of iwi, from Māori.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈdʊə.ɹɪən/, /ˈdʒʊə.ɹɪən/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈdʊə.ɹi.ən/, /ˈdʊə.ɹiˌɑn/
• (Singapore) IPA^(key): /ˈd(j)u.ɹi.æn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

durian (countable and uncountable, plural durians)

1. Any of several trees, genus Durio, of Southeast Asia.
3. The spiky edible fruit of this tree, known for its strong taste and very strong, unpleasant odor.
   • 1692, Robert Boyle, General Heads for the Natural History of a Country Great or Small, London: John Taylor and S. Hedford, “Enquiries for Suratte, &c.,” p. 96,^[1]

     Whether the Betele hath such a contrariety to the Durion, that a few Leaves of that, put to a whole Shopful of Durions, will make them all rot suddenly; and whether those that have surfeited on Durions, and thereby over-heated themselves, do, by laying a Leaf or two of Betele upon their Breasts or Stomachs, immediately cure the Inflammations, and Recover.

   • 1869, Alfred Russel Wallace, The Malay Archipelago, volume I, London: Macmillan and Co., page 116:

     The Mangosteen, Lansat, Rambutan, Jack, Jambou, and Blimbing, are all abundant; but most abundant and most esteemed is the Durian, a fruit about which very little is known in England, but which both by natives and Europeans in the Malay Archipelago is reckoned superior to all others.

   • 1869 November, “The Land of the Malay: A Record of Travel in the Oriental Tropics”, in [Thomas] Mayne Reid, editor, Onward: A Magazine for the Young Manhood of America, New York, N.Y.: Onward Publishing Office, →OCLC, page 494:

     The dessert I thoroughly enjoyed, for the various fruits of Singapore are delicious. One of them, the "durion," exhales a most noxious perfume, but is pleasant to the palate.

   • 1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 115:

     Old women crouched over bags of Siamese rice, skeps of red and green peppers, purple egg-plants, bristly rambutans, pineapples, durians.

4. (uncountable) A deep, rich yellow colour, like that of durian flesh (also called durian yellow).

   durian:  

Descendants

• → Arabic: دُرْيَان (duryān)
• → Bengali: দুরিয়ান (duriẏan), ডুরিয়ান (ḍuriẏan)
• → Central Bikol: durian
• → Bulgarian: дуриан (durian)
• → Catalan: durian
• → Czech: durian
• → Danish: durian
• → Esperanto: durio
• → Finnish: durio
• → French: durian
• → Galician: durián
• → Georgian: დურიო (durio)
• → German: Durian
• → Hebrew: דוריאן (duri'an)
• → Italian: durian
• → Japanese: ドリアン (dorian)
• → Komi-Permyak: дуриан (durian)
• → Komi-Zyrian: дуриан (durian)
• → Korean: 두리안 (durian)
• → Lak: дуриан (durian)
• → Latvian: duriāns
• → Lithuanian: durijus
• → Norwegian Bokmål: durian
• → Persian: دوریان (duryân)
• → Polish: durian
• → Portuguese: durio, durião
• → Russian: дуриан (durian)
• → Rwanda-Rundi: duriyani
• → Spanish: durián
• → Swedish: durian
• → Turkish: durian
• → Udmurt: дуриан (durian)
• → Ukrainian: дуріан (durian)
• → Western Mari: дуриан (durian)

Translations

tree

• Bikol:

  Central Bikol: durian

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 榴槤 / 榴梿 ((Hong Kong) lau⁴ lin⁴; (Malaysia) lau⁴ lin^4-2)

  Mandarin: 榴連 / 榴连 (liúlián), 榴蓮 / 榴莲 (zh) (liúlián), 榴槤 / 榴梿 (zh) (liúlián)

• Esperanto: duriujo, duriarbo
• Finnish: durio (fi), duriopuu
• Greek: δούριο (doúrio)
• Irish: dúraíoch sibhéideach m
• Jehai: dorɛn
• Polish: durian (pl) m, zybuczkowiec m
• Ukrainian: дуріа́н m (durián)

fruit

• Acehnese: driën
• Afrikaans: doerian
• Arabic: دُرْيَان m (duryān)
• Banyumasan: durèn
• Belarusian: дурыя́н m (duryján)
• Bengali: দুরিয়ান (bn) (duriẏan)
• Bidayuh:

  Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: dihan

• Bikol:

  Central Bikol: durian

• Bulgarian: дуриа́н m (durián)
• Burmese: ဒူးရင်းသီး (my) (du:rang:si:)
• Catalan: durian m
• Cebuano: durian
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 榴槤 / 榴梿 ((Hong Kong) lau⁴ lin⁴; (Malaysia) lau⁴ lin^4-2)

  Mandarin: 榴連 / 榴连 (liúlián), 榴蓮 / 榴莲 (zh) (liúlián), 榴槤 / 榴梿 (zh) (liúlián)

• Czech: durian m
• Danish: durian n
• Dusun:

  Central Dusun: tupolo

• Dutch: doerian (nl) m
• Esperanto: durio
• Estonian: durian (et)
• Finnish: durio (fi)
• French: durian (fr) m
• Galician: durián m
• Georgian: დურიო (durio)
• German: Durian f
• Greek: δούριο m (doúrio)
• Hebrew: דוריאן m (durian)
• Hindi: डुरियन (ḍuriyan)
• Hungarian: durián (hu)
• Icelandic: dáraaldin m
• Indonesian: durian (id)
• Irish: dúraíoch m
• Italian: durian (it) m
• Japanese: ドリアン (ja) (dorian)
• Javanese: durèn (jv)
• Kapampangan: durian
• Khmer: ទុរេន (km) (tŭrén)
• Komi:

  Komi-Permyak: дуриан (durian)

  Komi-Zyrian: дуриан (durian)

• Korean: 두리안 (ko) (durian)
• Lak: дуриан (durian)
• Lao: ທຸລຽນ (thu līan)
• Latvian: duriāns m
• Lithuanian: durijus m
• Macedonian: ду́ријан m (dúrijan)
• Malay:

  Brunei Malay: durian

  Jawi: دوريان (ms)

  Rumi: durian (ms)

• Maltese: durjan
• Marathi: ड्युरियन f (ḍyuriyan)
• Mari:

  Western Mari: дуриан (durian)

• Melanau:

  Central Melanau: dian

• Murut:

  Tagal Murut: pokilahan, ratu

• Nepali: डुरियन (ḍuriyan)
• Norwegian: durian m
• Persian: دوریان (duriân), خارگیل (fa) (xârgil)
• Polish: durian (pl) m
• Portuguese: durião (pt) m, durio m
• Russian: дуриа́н (ru) m (durián)
• Rwanda-Rundi: duriyani
• Sebop: pak
• Somali: canuuni
• Spanish: durián (es) m, durian (es) m, durión m
• Sundanese: kadu (su), duren
• Swahili: duriani
• Swedish: durian (sv) c
• Tagalog: durian, duryan
• Tamil: முள்நாறி (muḷnāṟi), துரியான் (turiyāṉ)
• Thai: ทุเรียน (th) (tú-riian)
• Turkish: durian
• Udmurt: дуриан (durian)
• Ukrainian: дуріа́н m (durián)
• Uyghur: دۇريان (duryan)
• Vietnamese: sầu riêng (vi), tu rên
• Waray-Waray: durian
• Yiddish: דוריאַן f (duryan)

Anagrams

• uranid

Brunei Malay

Etymology

From duri (“thorn”) +‎ -an, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /durian/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: du‧ri‧an

Noun

durian

1. durian (fruit)

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [du.ɾiˈan]

Noun

durian m (plural durians)

1. durian

Cebuano

Noun

durian

1. nonstandard spelling of duryan

Central Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *duʀi (“thorn”).

Noun

durian

1. durian (fruit)

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdurɪjan]
• Hyphenation: du‧rian

Noun

durian m inan

1. durian (tree)
2. durian (fruit)

Declension

Declension of durian (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	durian	duriany
genitive	durianu	durianů
dative	durianu	durianům
accusative	durian	duriany
vocative	duriane	duriany
locative	durianu	durianech
instrumental	durianem	duriany

Further reading

• “durian”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “durian”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Danish

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian n

1. durian

French

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dy.ʁjɑ̃/, /du.ʁjɑ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Noun

durian m (plural durians)

1. durian

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• duren (colloquial)

Etymology

Reconstructed as duri (“thorn, spike”) +‎ -an, inherited from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /duˈrian/ [duˈri.an]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: du‧ri‧an

Noun

durian (plural durian-durian)

1. durian
   • 1967, Harsono Hardjohutomo, “Bahan makanan [Food ingredients]”, in Mustikarasa [Jewels of flavors], Jakarta: Kementerian Pertanian, page 31:

     Ada orang jang gemar memakan durian, ada pula jang tidak. Ini disebabkan karena baunja istimewa.

     There are people who loves eating durian, but there are also those who are not. This is because of its distinctive odor.

Derived terms

• durian belanda
• durian kuning
• durian pulu
• durian tinggang

Further reading

• “durian”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian m

1. durian

Anagrams

• Undari, diurna, indura, raduni

Kapampangan

Etymology

From Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian

1. durian

Malay

Etymology

Affixation of duri +‎ -an, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• (Baku, schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈdurjan/ [ˈdu.rjan]

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -urjan
• Hyphenation: du‧rian

Noun

durian (Jawi spelling دورين or دوريان, plural durian-durian or durian²)

1. durian (fruit)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: durian (inherited)
• → Burmese: ဒူးရင်းသီး (du:rang:si:)
• → Cebuano: duryan
• → Chinese: 榴槤 / 榴梿 (liúlián)
• → Dutch: doerian
• → English: durian (see there for further descendants)
• → Kapampangan: durian
• → Lao: ທຸລຽນ (thu līan)
• → Old Javanese: duryan
  • Javanese: durèn / ꦢꦸꦫꦺꦤ꧀
• → Swahili: duriani
• → Tamil: துரியான் (turiyāṉ)
• → Tagalog: durian, duryan
• → Thai: ทุเรียน (tú-riian)
• → Vietnamese: sầu riêng

Further reading

• "durian" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian m

1. durian (fruit)

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdu.rjan/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -urjan
• Syllabification: du‧rian

Noun

durian m inan

1. durian (tree)

   Synonym: zybuczkowiec

2. durian (fruit)

Declension

Declension of durian

	singular	plural
nominative	durian	duriany
genitive	durianu	durianów
dative	durianowi	durianom
accusative	durian	duriany
instrumental	durianem	durianami
locative	durianie	durianach
vocative	durianie	duriany

Further reading

• durian in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈduɾjan/ [ˈd̪u.ɾjãn]
• Rhymes: -uɾjan
• Syllabification: du‧rian

Noun

durian m (plural durians)

1. alternative form of durián (“durian”)

Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

• FundéuRAE on X: "@Iris_Capilla El «Diccionario de la naturaleza» de Espasa recoge «durian», sin tilde, pero no vemos inconveniente en escribir «durián» o «durión», que también tienen uso." / X

Swedish

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian c

1. durian

Declension

Declension of durian

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	durian	durians
	definite	durianen	durianens
plural	indefinite	durianer	durianers
	definite	durianerna	durianernas

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /duɾˈjan/ [d̪ʊɾˈjan̪]
• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: dur‧ian

Noun

durián (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔)

1. alternative spelling of duryan

Turkish

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian

1. durian

West Makian

Etymology

From Malay durian.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪u.ˈri.an̪/

Noun

durian

1. durian fruit
2. the durian tree

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[2], Pacific linguistics