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envolver

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Portuguese

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Etymology

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From Latin involvere (“to involve”), from in (“in, at, on”) + volvō (“to roll”), from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to turn, wind, round”).

Pronunciation

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  • (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful) /ẽ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(h)], /ĩ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful) /ẽ.vowˈve(ɾ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)], /ĩ.vowˈve(ɾ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful) /ẽ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(χ)], /ĩ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(χ)]
    • (Caipira) IPA(key): (careful) /ẽ.vowˈve(ɻ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)], /ĩ.vowˈve(ɻ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)]
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.volˈveɾ/ [ẽ.voɫˈveɾ], /ẽ.vɔlˈveɾ/ [ẽ.vɔɫˈveɾ]
    • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.bolˈbeɾ/ [ẽ.boɫˈβeɾ], /ẽ.bɔlˈbeɾ/ [ẽ.bɔɫˈβeɾ]
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.volˈve.ɾi/ [ẽ.voɫˈve.ɾi], /ẽ.vɔlˈve.ɾi/ [ẽ.vɔɫˈve.ɾi]

  • Hyphenation: en‧vol‧ver

Verb

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envolver (first-person singular present envolvo, first-person singular preterite envolvi, past participle envolvido, short past participle envolto)

  1. to involve (envelop completely)
    Synonyms: cobrir, embrulhar
    Antonym: descobrir
  2. to encompass (include within the scope)
    Synonyms: abranger, englobar

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of envolver (irregular short past participle) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal envolver
Personal envolver envolveres envolver envolvermos envolverdes envolverem
Gerund
envolvendo
Short past participle
Masculine envolto1 envoltos1
Feminine envolta1 envoltas1
Long past participle
Masculine envolvido2 envolvidos2
Feminine envolvida2 envolvidas2
Indicative
Present envolvo envolves envolve envolvemos envolveis envolvem
Imperfect envolvia envolvias envolvia envolvíamos envolvíeis envolviam
Preterite envolvi envolveste envolveu envolvemos envolvestes envolveram
Pluperfect envolvera envolveras envolvera envolvêramos envolvêreis envolveram
Future envolverei envolverás envolverá envolveremos envolvereis envolverão
Conditional envolveria envolverias envolveria envolveríamos envolveríeis envolveriam
Subjunctive
Present envolva envolvas envolva envolvamos envolvais envolvam
Imperfect envolvesse envolvesses envolvesse envolvêssemos envolvêsseis envolvessem
Future envolver envolveres envolver envolvermos envolverdes envolverem
Imperative
Affirmative envolve envolva envolvamos envolvei envolvam
Negative (não) não envolvas não envolva não envolvamos não envolvais não envolvam

1Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
2Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.

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Further reading

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Italic *en
Proto-Italic *en-
Latin in-
Proto-Indo-European *welH-der.
Proto-Italic *wolwō
Latin volvō
Latin involvere
Spanish envolver

    Inherited from Latin involvere.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /embolˈbeɾ/ [ẽm.bolˈβ̞eɾ]
    • Rhymes: -eɾ
    • Syllabification: en‧vol‧ver

    Verb

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    envolver (first-person singular present envuelvo, first-person singular preterite envolví, past participle envuelto)

    1. to wrap; to shroud
    2. to involve

    Conjugation

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        Conjugation of envolver (irregular; o-ue alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
    infinitive envolver
    gerund envolviendo
    past participle masculine feminine
    singular envuelto envuelta
    plural envueltos envueltas
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    indicative yo tú
    vos     		él/ella/ello
    usted     		nosotros
    nosotras     		vosotros
    vosotras     		ellos/ellas
    ustedes
    present envuelvo envuelvestú
    envolvésvos     		envuelve envolvemos envolvéis envuelven
    imperfect envolvía envolvías envolvía envolvíamos envolvíais envolvían
    preterite envolví envolviste envolvió envolvimos envolvisteis envolvieron
    future envolveré envolverás envolverá envolveremos envolveréis envolverán
    conditional envolvería envolverías envolvería envolveríamos envolveríais envolverían
    subjunctive yo tú
    vos     		él/ella/ello
    usted     		nosotros
    nosotras     		vosotros
    vosotras     		ellos/ellas
    ustedes
    present envuelva envuelvastú
    envolvásvos2     		envuelva envolvamos envolváis envuelvan
    imperfect
    (ra)     		envolviera envolvieras envolviera envolviéramos envolvierais envolvieran
    imperfect
    (se)     		envolviese envolvieses envolviese envolviésemos envolvieseis envolviesen
    future1 envolviere envolvieres envolviere envolviéremos envolviereis envolvieren
    imperative — tú
    vos     		usted nosotros
    nosotras     		vosotros
    vosotras     		ustedes
    affirmative envuelvetú
    envolvévos     		envuelva envolvamos envolved envuelvan
    negative no envuelvas no envuelva no envolvamos no envolváis no envuelvan

    1Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
    2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

        Selected combined forms of envolver (irregular; o-ue alternation)

    These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    with infinitive envolver dative envolverme envolverte envolverle, envolverse envolvernos envolveros envolverles, envolverse
    accusative envolverme envolverte envolverlo, envolverla, envolverse envolvernos envolveros envolverlos, envolverlas, envolverse
    with gerund envolviendo dative envolviéndome envolviéndote envolviéndole, envolviéndose envolviéndonos envolviéndoos envolviéndoles, envolviéndose
    accusative envolviéndome envolviéndote envolviéndolo, envolviéndola, envolviéndose envolviéndonos envolviéndoos envolviéndolos, envolviéndolas, envolviéndose
    with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative envuelve dative envuélveme envuélvete envuélvele envuélvenos not used envuélveles
    accusative envuélveme envuélvete envuélvelo, envuélvela envuélvenos not used envuélvelos, envuélvelas
    with informal second-person singular voseo imperative envolvé dative envolveme envolvete envolvele envolvenos not used envolveles
    accusative envolveme envolvete envolvelo, envolvela envolvenos not used envolvelos, envolvelas
    with formal second-person singular imperative envuelva dative envuélvame not used envuélvale, envuélvase envuélvanos not used envuélvales
    accusative envuélvame not used envuélvalo, envuélvala, envuélvase envuélvanos not used envuélvalos, envuélvalas
    with first-person plural imperative envolvamos dative not used envolvámoste envolvámosle envolvámonos envolvámoos envolvámosles
    accusative not used envolvámoste envolvámoslo, envolvámosla envolvámonos envolvámoos envolvámoslos, envolvámoslas
    with informal second-person plural imperative envolved dative envolvedme not used envolvedle envolvednos envolveos envolvedles
    accusative envolvedme not used envolvedlo, envolvedla envolvednos envolveos envolvedlos, envolvedlas
    with formal second-person plural imperative envuelvan dative envuélvanme not used envuélvanle envuélvannos not used envuélvanles, envuélvanse
    accusative envuélvanme not used envuélvanlo, envuélvanla envuélvannos not used envuélvanlos, envuélvanlas, envuélvanse

    Antonyms

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    Derived terms

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    See also

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    Further reading

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