fundus

See also: Fundus

English

Human stomach schematic showing location of fundus

Fundi, sulci, and gyri in a section across a human brain

Etymology

PIE word
*bʰudʰmḗn

From Latin fundus (“bottom”). Doublet of fond and fund.

Noun

fundus (plural fundi)

1. (anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:
   1. The top, hollow portion of the uterus.
   2. The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc.
   3. The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach.
   4. The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex.

Derived terms

• fundectomy
• fundic
• fundoplasty
• funduscope
• fundusectomy

Translations

of the eye

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 眼底 (zh) (yǎndǐ)

Esperanto

Verb

fundus

1. conditional of fundi

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *funðos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s, from *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Compare the similar treatment in Ancient Greek πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”). Cognates include Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), and Old English botm (English bottom).

PIE word
*bʰudʰmḗn

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈfʊn.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈfun̪.d̪us]

Noun

fundus m (genitive fundī); second declension

1. bottom
2. farm, piece of land, estate, demesne
3. ground
4. foundation
5. an authority

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	fundus	fundī
genitive	fundī	fundōrum
dative	fundō	fundīs
accusative	fundum	fundōs
ablative	fundō	fundīs
vocative	funde	fundī

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “bottom”): vertex

Derived terms

• adfundō
• *affundō
• funditus
• fundō
• fundulus
• profundus

Related terms

• fundāmen
• fundāmentum
• fundātiō
• fundātor
• fundātus

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund
  • Romanian: fund
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: fondo
  • Sicilian: funnu
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: font, fonz
  • Ladin: fond
  • Ligurian: fondo
  • Lombard: fond, hond
  • Piedmontese: fons
  • Venetan: fondo
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: fons
  • Old French:
    • French: fond (see there for further descendants)
    • → English: fund
  • Occitan: fons
    • → Basque: funts
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: fondu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo
    • Fala: fundu
    • Galician: fundo, fondo
    • Portuguese: fundo
  • Old Spanish: fondo
    • Spanish: fondo, hondo
      • → Cebuano: pundo
      • → Basque: hondo
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: fund, fun, funn — Gheg
  • → German: Fundus
  • → Polish: fundusz (learned)
    • → Kashubian: fùndusz
  • → Spanish: fundo

References

• “fundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "fundus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• fundus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “fundus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin