fundus

See also: Fundus

English

Human stomach schematic showing location of fundus

Fundi, sulci, and gyri in a section across a human brain

Etymology

PIE word
*bʰudʰmḗn

From Latin fundus (“bottom”). Doublet of fond and fund.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfʌn.dəs/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

fundus (plural fundi)

1. (anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:
   1. The top, hollow portion of the uterus.
   2. The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc.
   3. The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach.
   4. The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex.

Derived terms

• fundectomy
• fundic
• fundoplasty
• funduscope
• fundusectomy

Translations

of the eye

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 眼底 (zh) (yǎndǐ)

• Polish: dno (pl) n

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfundus/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -undus
• Syllabification: fun‧dus

Verb

fundus

1. conditional of fundi

Indonesian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fundus.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈfundus/ [ˈfun.dʊs]
• Rhymes: -undus
• Syllabification: fun‧dus

Noun

fundus (plural fundus-fundus)

1. (anatomy) fundus (the large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening)
   1. the top, hollow portion of the uterus.
   2. the back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc.
   3. the uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach.
   4. the deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex.

Derived terms

• fundus uteri
• fundus uterus

Further reading

• “fundus”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
• Mien Achmad Rifai; Nawangsari Sugiri; Sumitro Sunitiyono (1990), Kamus Biologi: Fisiologi [Dictionary of Biology: Physiology] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, page 34

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-?

Proto-Indo-European *-mḗn

Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰnós

Proto-Indo-European *bʰundʰós

Proto-Italic *fundos

Latin fundus

From Proto-Italic *fundos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s, thematized from *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Compare the similar treatment in Ancient Greek πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”). Cognates include Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), and Old English botm (modern bottom).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈfʊn.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈfun.dus]

Noun

fundus m (genitive fundī); second declension

1. bottom

   Antonym: vertex

2. farm, piece of land, estate, demesne
3. ground
4. foundation
5. an authority

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	fundus	fundī
genitive	fundī	fundōrum
dative	fundō	fundīs
accusative	fundum	fundōs
ablative	fundō	fundīs
vocative	funde	fundī

Derived terms

• adfundō
• *affundō
• funditus
• fundō
• fundulus
• profundus

Related terms

• fundāmen
• fundāmentum
• fundātiō
• fundātor
• fundātus

Descendants

• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund
  • Romanian: fund
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Italian: fondo
    • → Maltese: fond
  • Sicilian: funnu
  • Venetan: fondo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: font, fonz
  • Ladin: fond
  • Romansh: fons
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Ligurian: fondo
  • Lombard: fond, hond
  • Piedmontese: fons
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: funz, fons, font
    • French: fond, fonds (latinized) (see there for further descendants)
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: fons
  • Occitan: fons
    • → Basque: funts
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: fondu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo
    • Fala: fundu
    • Galician: fundo, fondo
    • Portuguese: fundo
  • Old Spanish: fondo
    • Spanish: fondo, hondo
      • → Basque: hondo
      • → Cebuano: pundo
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu

Borrowings:

• → Albanian: fund, fun, funn — Gheg
• → English: fund, fundus
• → Esperanto: fundo
• → German: Fundus
• → Ido: fundo
• → Interlingua: fundo
• → Polish: fundusz (see there for further descendants)
• → Spanish: fundo

Further reading

• “fundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "fundus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “fundus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “fundus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Polish

Pronunciation

• (Masovia):
  • (Podlachia) IPA^(key): [ˈfun.dus]

Noun

fundus f

1. (Podlachia, Tykocin, used by petty nobility) alternative form of fundusz (“foundation of a building”)

Further reading

• Jan Karłowicz (1901), “fundusz”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 2: F do K, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 34