galbinus

Latin

Etymology

Unknown, perhaps from galbanum, but the process is morphologically unclear. May be connected to an uncertain bird called galbus or similar, and may be somehow related to the earlier fashion color term mēlinus (“yellow (in women's fashion)”) (from Greek), as they share the relatively rare -inus short ending and the meaning.

Unrelated with Proto-Germanic *gelwaz, which is instead related with Latin helvus.

Not attested in Republican Latin.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɡaɫ.bɪ.nʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɡal.bi.nus]

Adjective

galbinus (feminine galbina, neuter galbinum); first/second-declension adjective

(fashion) canary-colored
effeminate
Synonym: mollis

Usage notes

In fashion, this color was considered to be feminine in the early Roman Empire.
This shade with fewer fashion associations was expressed as lūteus and more poetically as croceus.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	galbinus	galbina	galbinum	galbinī	galbinae	galbina
genitive	galbinī	galbinae	galbinī	galbinōrum	galbinārum	galbinōrum
dative	galbinō	galbinae	galbinō	galbinīs
accusative	galbinum	galbinam	galbinum	galbinōs	galbinās	galbina
ablative	galbinō	galbinā	galbinō	galbinīs
vocative	galbine	galbina	galbinum	galbinī	galbinae	galbina

Derived terms

Descendants

Albanian: gjelbër
Aromanian: galbin
Franco-Provençal: jôno
Old French: jalne, jaune
- French: jaune
- → Emilian: żâl
- → Friulian: zâl
- → Galician: xalde
- → Istriot: zalo
- → Italian: giallo
- → Lombard: jald (giald, zald)
- → Piedmontese: giaun
- → Sicilian: giallu, giarnu
- → Spanish: jalde
- → Venetan: gialo, zało
- Walloon: djaene
Old Lombard: galdo
Romanian: galben, galbin — popular, galbăn — popular
- → Vlax Romani: gàlbeno, galbeno

Colors in Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)
albus, candidus, cānus, marmoreus (poetic), eburneus (poetic), niveus (poetic), argenteus (poetic), lacteus (poetic)	rāvus, pullus, mūrīnus (of livestock)	niger, āter, furvus, fuscus ("swarthy"), piceus (poetic)
ruber, russus, rūbidus (dark), flammeus (poetic); rutilus, pūniceus, spādīx (poetic), sanguineus (poetic)	rūfus, rutilus, rōbus (of oxen), croceus (poetic), aureus (poetic); fulvus (poetic), niger (of eyes), badius (of horses)	lūteus, flāvus ("blond"), lūridus, gilvus (of horses), helvus (of cattle); cēreus (poetic)
viridis, flāvus (poetic)	viridis, herbeus (of eyes), fulvus (poetic)	viridis, glaucus (poetic), caeruleus (poetic, only dark)
	glaucus (poetic), caeruleus, caesius (of eyes)	caeruleus, līvidus, ferrūgineus (poetic), glaucus (poetic)
violāceus	purpureus (underlying shade)	roseus