granum

English

Etymology 1

From the late 19th c., from Latin grānum (“grain, seed or small kernel”). Doublet of corn, grain, gram, and grao.

Noun

granum (plural grana)

1. (biology) A stack-like structure in plant chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis.

Etymology 2

Noun

granum (plural granums)

1. (obsolete, regional) One's grandmother.
   • 1663 (indicated as 1664), [Samuel Butler], “Canto III”, in Hudibras. The Second Part. […], London: […] T[homas] R[oycroft] for John Martyn, and James Allestry […], →OCLC, page 175:

     Each of 'em has a ſev'ral Gin, / To catch Intelligences in. / Some by the Noſe vvith fumes trapan 'em, / As Dunſtan did the Devil's Grannum.

Alternative forms

• grannum

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *grānom from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈɡraː.num/, [ˈɡräːnʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡra.num/, [ˈɡräːnum]

Noun

grānum n (genitive grānī); second declension

1. grain, seed, small kernel

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	grānum	grāna
Genitive	grānī	grānōrum
Dative	grānō	grānīs
Accusative	grānum	grāna
Ablative	grānō	grānīs
Vocative	grānum	grāna

Derived terms

• grānārium
• grānātim
• grānātum
• grānātus
• grāneus
• *grānica
• grānōsus
• grānulum
• mālogrānātum

 

Related terms

• grānifer

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: grãn
  • Megleno-Romanian: grǫn, grăn
  • Romanian: grâu
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Corsican: granu
  • Dalmatian: grun
  • Italian: grano
  • Sicilian: granu
  • Venetan: gran
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: gran
  • Ladin: gran
  • Romansch: graun
• Gallo-Italian:
  • Piedmontese: gran, gran-a
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: gra
  • Old French: grain
    • Middle French: grain
      • French: grain
    • → Irish: gráinne
    • → Middle English: greyn, grayn, grayne, grein, greyne, grone
      • English: grain
      • Scots: grain
      • Yola: gryne
  • Occitan: gran
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: granu, grana (from neuter plural)
  • Ladino: גראנו (grano)
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: grão
    • Galician: gran
    • Portuguese: grão, gram (obsolete), graõ (obsolete), grao (obsolete)
      • Macanese: grám
  • Spanish: grano
• → Basque: garau
• → German: Gran (learned)
• → Proto-West Germanic: *grānō (see there for further descendants)

References

• “granum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “granum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• granum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• granum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 722.
• granum in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2962