grouper

English

a giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɹuːpə(ɹ)/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːpə(ɹ)

Etymology 1

From Portuguese garoupa (“grouper”). Compare garrupa.

Noun

grouper (plural groupers or grouper)

1. Any of various large food and game fishes of the subfamily Epinephelinae, especially the genera Epinephelus and Mycteroperca, which inhabit warm seas.

Alternative forms

• groper (Australia, New Zeland)
• grooper (archaic)

Derived terms

• areolate grouper (Epinephelus areolatus)
• argus grouper (Cephalopholis argus)
• black grouper (Hyporthodus mystacinus; Mycteroperca bonaci)
• blackfin grouper
• blacktip grouper (Epinephelus fasciatus)
• blotch grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)
• bluespotted grouper (Cephalopholis argus))
• broomtail grouper (Mycteroperca xenarcha))
• calico grouper (Epinephelus drummondhayi)
• comb grouper (Mycteroperca rubra; Mycteroperca acutirostris)
• convict grouper (Hyporthodus mystacinus)
• dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus)
• goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara)
• grouper trooper
• Gulf grouper (Mycteroperca jordani)
• honeycomb grouper (Epinephelus merra)
• humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis, syn. Epinephelus altivelis)
• kelp grouper (Epinephelus bruneus)
• lucky grouper
• lyretail grouper (Variola louti)
• marbled grouper (Dermatolepis inermis)
• masked grouper (Gracila albomarginata, syn. Epinephelus albomarginatus)
• misty grouper (Hyporthodus mystacinus)
• moustache grouper (Hyporthodus mystacinus)
• Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus)
• panther grouper (Epinephelus altivelis, syn. Cromileptes altivelis)
• red grouper (Epinephelus morio)
• redmouth grouper (Aethaloperca rogaa)
• rown-marbled grouper
• sickelfish grouper (Dermatolepis inermis)
• slender grouper (Epinephelus leucogrammicus, syn. Anyperodon leucogrammicus)
• snowy grouper (Hyporthodus niveatus; Hyporthodus niphobles)
• square grouper
• star-studded grouper (Hyporthodus niphobles)
• ten-spine grouper (Hyporthodus exsul)
• tiger grouper (Mycteroperca tigris)
• Warsaw grouper (Hyporthodus nigritus)
• white grouper (Mycteroperca cidi)
• yellowedge grouper (Hyporthodus flavolimbatus)
• yellowfin grouper (Mycteroperca venenosa)
• yellowmouth grouper (Mycteroperca interstitialis)

Descendants

• → Russian: гру́пер (grúper)

Translations

fish

• Asturian: meru (ast)
• Bulgarian: групър m (grupăr)
• Catalan: mero (ca) m, anfós (ca) m, nero (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 石斑 (sek⁶ baan¹)

  Mandarin: 石斑魚 / 石斑鱼 (zh) (shíbānyú)

• Czech: kanic m
• Finnish: meriahven (fi)
• French: mérou (fr) m
• Galician: mero de altura m
• German: Zackenbarsch (de) m
• Greek: ροφός (el) m (rofós)
• Hebrew: דַּקָּר (he) m
• Hungarian: fűrészessügér
• Irish: garúpach m
• Italian: cernia (it) f
• Japanese: ハタ (ja) (hata), 羽太 (はた, hata)
• Latin: acernia f
• Malay: kerapu
• Malayalam: കലവ (kalava)
• Navajo: dáádílí
• Portuguese: garoupa (pt) f
• Russian: гру́пер (ru) m (grúper), ка́менный о́кунь m (kámennyj ókunʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian: kijerna f
• Sicilian: cirenga f
• Spanish: mero (es) m, cherna f
• Tagalog: lubo
• Turkish: orfoz (tr)
• Ulithian: hali
• Vietnamese: cá mú
• Welsh: grwper m
• Wolof: coof

References

• Epinephelinae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Epinephelinae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Category:Epinephelinae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *grewbʰ-der.

Proto-Germanic *kruppazder.

Frankish *kruppbor.

Vulgar Latin *cruppus

Italian gruppobor.

French groupebor.

▲

Italian gruppobor.

English group

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-so-

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-

Proto-Indo-European *-yós

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós

Proto-Italic *-āsijos

Proto-Italic *-āsios

Latin -āriusnom.

Latin -āriusbor.

Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz

Proto-West Germanic *-ārī

Old English -ere

Middle English -ere

English -er

English grouper

From group + -er.

Noun

grouper (plural groupers)

1. One who groups things.
2. (dated) A groupie.
   • 1968, Tom Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →OCLC, page 8:

     There was also a little roundfaced brunette named Marilyn who told me she used to be a teenie grouper hanging out with a rock'n'roll group called The Wild Flowers but now she was mainly with Bobby Petersen.

Anagrams

• grupero, regroup

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʁu.pe/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Verb

grouper

1. to group (to put together to form a group)

Conjugation

Conjugation of grouper (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	grouper
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	groupant /ɡʁu.pɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		groupé /ɡʁu.pe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	groupe /ɡʁup/	groupes /ɡʁup/	groupe /ɡʁup/	groupons /ɡʁu.pɔ̃/	groupez /ɡʁu.pe/	groupent /ɡʁup/
	imperfect	groupais /ɡʁu.pɛ/	groupais /ɡʁu.pɛ/	groupait /ɡʁu.pɛ/	groupions /ɡʁu.pjɔ̃/	groupiez /ɡʁu.pje/	groupaient /ɡʁu.pɛ/
	past historic2	groupai /ɡʁu.pe/	groupas /ɡʁu.pa/	groupa /ɡʁu.pa/	groupâmes /ɡʁu.pam/	groupâtes /ɡʁu.pat/	groupèrent /ɡʁu.pɛʁ/
	future	grouperai /ɡʁu.pʁe/	grouperas /ɡʁu.pʁa/	groupera /ɡʁu.pʁa/	grouperons /ɡʁu.pʁɔ̃/	grouperez /ɡʁu.pʁe/	grouperont /ɡʁu.pʁɔ̃/
	conditional	grouperais /ɡʁu.pʁɛ/	grouperais /ɡʁu.pʁɛ/	grouperait /ɡʁu.pʁɛ/	grouperions /ɡʁu.pə.ʁjɔ̃/	grouperiez /ɡʁu.pə.ʁje/	grouperaient /ɡʁu.pʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	groupe /ɡʁup/	groupes /ɡʁup/	groupe /ɡʁup/	groupions /ɡʁu.pjɔ̃/	groupiez /ɡʁu.pje/	groupent /ɡʁup/
	imperfect2	groupasse /ɡʁu.pas/	groupasses /ɡʁu.pas/	groupât /ɡʁu.pa/	groupassions /ɡʁu.pa.sjɔ̃/	groupassiez /ɡʁu.pa.sje/	groupassent /ɡʁu.pas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	groupe /ɡʁup/	—	groupons /ɡʁu.pɔ̃/	groupez /ɡʁu.pe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• regrouper
• dégrouper
• groupement

Further reading

• “grouper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012