haben
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German haben, from Old High German habēn (akin to Old Saxon hebbian, Old Norse hafa (Swedish hava/ha), Old Frisian habba, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban), Old English habban), from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to grasp”). Cognates include Bavarian håbn, Yiddish האָבן (hobn), Dutch hebben, English have, Danish have.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈhaːbən/, [ˈhäːbən], [ˈhäːbn̩], [ˈhäːbm̩] (standard)
- IPA(key): /ham/ (common; particularly in the present tense, occasionally also in the infinitive)
- IPA(key): [ɦɑːʔm̩] (less common; colloquially used in southern Germany)
Audio: (file) Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file) Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file) - Hyphenation: ha‧ben
- Rhymes: -aːbn̩
Verb
[edit]haben (irregular, third-person singular present hat, past tense hatte, past participle gehabt, past subjunctive hätte, auxiliary haben)
- (auxiliary) forms the perfect aspect (have) [with past participle]
- Das habe ich nicht gesagt. ― I haven't said that.
- (transitive) to have; to own (to possess, have ownership of; to possess a certain characteristic)
- Ich habe ein Auto. ― I own a car.
- Sie hat braune Haare. ― She has got brown hair.
- (transitive) to have; to hold (to contain within itself/oneself)
- Glaub und hab keine Angst.
- Believe and don't be afraid
- (literally, “...and have no fear.”)
- (transitive) to have, get (to obtain, acquire)
- (transitive) to get (to receive)
- (transitive) to have (to be scheduled to attend)
- Morgen Nachmittag habe ich eine Vorlesung. ― I've got a lecture tomorrow afternoon.
- (transitive) to have (to be afflicted with, suffer from)
- Er hat Krebs. ― He has cancer.
- (transitive, of units of measure) to contain, be composed of, equal
- Ein Meter hat 100 Zentimeter.
- There are 100 centimetres in one metre.
- (literally, “One metre has 100 centimetres.”)
- (impersonal, regional, with es) there be, there is, there are
- Es hat zwei Bücher.
- There are two books.
- (reflexive, colloquial, with so) to make a fuss
- Hab dich nicht so!
- Don't make such a fuss!
- (colloquial) to be occupied with, to like, to be into [with es and mit (+ dative) ‘something/someone’]
- Ich hab's nich so mit Hunden.
- I'm not a great fan of dogs.
- (literally, “I don't have it that much with dogs.”)
- (regional, colloquial) to talk [with es, along with von (+ dative) or über (+ accusative) ‘about someone/something’]
- Wir hatten's grad von dir und deiner Freundin.
- We've just been talking about you and your girlfriend.
- (literally, “We just had it about you and your girlfriend.”)
- to have to, must [with zu (+ infinitive) ‘do something’] (especially regarding expectations by authority, at the threat of severe disapproval or consequences)
- Er hat sich zu benehmen.
- He has to behave himself.
Conjugation
[edit]| infinitive | haben | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | habend | ||||
| past participle | gehabt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich habe | wir haben | i | ich habe | wir haben |
| du hast | ihr habt | du habest | ihr habet | ||
| er hat | sie haben | er habe | sie haben | ||
| preterite | ich hatte | wir hatten | ii | ich hätte | wir hätten |
| du hattest | ihr hattet | du hättest | ihr hättet | ||
| er hatte | sie hatten | er hätte | sie hätten | ||
| imperative | hab (du) habe (du) |
habt (ihr) | |||
Colloquially, hab (also written hab') is often used as the first person singular of the present indicative, instead of habe.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “haben” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “haben” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “haben” in Duden online
- “haben” in OpenThesaurus.de
Middle English
[edit]Verb
[edit]haben
- alternative form of haven (“to have”)
Old High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, whence also Old Saxon hebbian, Old English habban, Old Norse hafa, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to grasp”), whence also Latin capiō.
Verb
[edit]habēn
- to have
Conjugation
[edit]| infinitive | habēn | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | habēm, habēn | habēta |
| 2nd person singular | habēs, habēst | habētōs, habētōst |
| 3rd person singular | habēt | habēta |
| 1st person plural | habēm, habēmēs | habētum, habētumēs |
| 2nd person plural | habēt | habētut |
| 3rd person plural | habēnt | habētun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | habe | habēti |
| 2nd person singular | habēs, habēst | habētīs, habētīst |
| 3rd person singular | habe | habēti |
| 1st person plural | habēm, habēmēs | habētīm, habētīmēs |
| 2nd person plural | habēt | habētīt |
| 3rd person plural | habēn | habētīn |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | habe | |
| plural | habēt | |
| participle | present | past |
| habēnti | gihabēt | |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Middle High German: hān, haben
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:German/aːbn̩
- Rhymes:German/aːbn̩/2 syllables
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German irregular verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German auxiliary verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- German transitive verbs
- German impersonal verbs
- Regional German
- German reflexive verbs
- German colloquialisms
- Middle English alternative forms
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old High German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Old High German class 3 weak verbs