harka

See also: härkä, Härkä, and hark'a

English

Etymology

From Arabic حركة.

Noun

harka (plural harkas)

1. (historical) In Maghrebi history, a military campaign, often a punitive expedition against insurgents.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhar̥ka/
• Rhymes: -ar̥ka

Etymology 1

From Old Norse harka, harðka, from harðr (“hard”) ( > Icelandic harður) + -ka.

Noun

harka f (genitive singular hörku, nominative plural hörkur)

1. hardness
2. hardness, austerity, severity
3. hardiness, toughness

Declension

Declension of harka (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	harka	harkan	hörkur	hörkurnar
accusative	hörku	hörkuna	hörkur	hörkurnar
dative	hörku	hörkunni	hörkum	hörkunum
genitive	hörku	hörkunnar	harkna, harka	harknanna, harkanna

Derived terms

• beita hörku
• hleypa í sig hörku
• sýna af sér hörku
• sýna hörku

Etymology 2

Verb

harka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative harkaði, supine harkað)

1. to toughen [with accusative]

Usage notes

• Mainly used in set phrases.

Conjugation

harka – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að harka
supine sagnbót		harkað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		harkandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	harka	harkaði		harki	harkaði
	þú	harkar	harkaðir		harkir	harkaðir
	hann, hún, það	harkar	harkaði		harki	harkaði
plural	við	hörkum	hörkuðum		hörkum	hörkuðum
	þið	harkið	hörkuðuð		harkið	hörkuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	harka	hörkuðu		harki	hörkuðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	harka (þú), harkaðu
plural	þið	harkið (þið), harkiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Derived terms

• harka af sér (“to bear up, endure”)
• harka saman (synonymous, skrapa saman)
• harka sig upp

See also

• láta ekki á sig bíta

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• harðka

Etymology

From harðr (“hard”) + -ka.

Noun

harka f

1. hardness
2. hardiness, toughness

Descendants

• Icelandic: harka f

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “harka”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Oromo

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Konso harkaa.

Noun

harka

1. hand

Quechua

Noun

harka

1. alternative spelling of hark'a

Declension

Declension of harka

	singular	plural
nominative	harka	harkakuna
accusative	harkata	harkakunata
dative	harkaman	harkakunaman
genitive	harkap	harkakunap
locative	harkapi	harkakunapi
terminative	harkakama	harkakunakama
ablative	harkamanta	harkakunamanta
instrumental	harkawan	harkakunawan
comitative	harkantin	harkakunantin
abessive	harkannaq	harkakunannaq
comparative	harkahina	harkakunahina
causative	harkarayku	harkakunarayku
benefactive	harkapaq	harkakunapaq
associative	harkapura	harkakunapura
distributive	harkanka	harkakunanka
exclusive	harkalla	harkakunalla

Possessive forms of harka

ñuqap - first-person singular ñuqap (my) singular plural nominative harkay harkaykuna accusative harkayta harkaykunata dative harkayman harkaykunaman genitive harkaypa harkaykunap locative harkaypi harkaykunapi terminative harkaykama harkaykunakama ablative harkaymanta harkaykunamanta instrumental harkaywan harkaykunawan comitative harkaynintin harkaykunantin abessive harkayninnaq harkaykunannaq comparative harkayhina harkaykunahina causative harkayrayku harkaykunarayku benefactive harkaypaq harkaykunapaq associative harkaypura harkaykunapura distributive harkayninka harkaykunanka exclusive harkaylla harkaykunalla qampa - second-person singular qampa (your) singular plural nominative harkayki harkaykikuna accusative harkaykita harkaykikunata dative harkaykiman harkaykikunaman genitive harkaykipa harkaykikunap locative harkaykipi harkaykikunapi terminative harkaykikama harkaykikunakama ablative harkaykimanta harkaykikunamanta instrumental harkaykiwan harkaykikunawan comitative harkaykintin harkaykikunantin abessive harkaykinnaq harkaykikunannaq comparative harkaykihina harkaykikunahina causative harkaykirayku harkaykikunarayku benefactive harkaykipaq harkaykikunapaq associative harkaykipura harkaykikunapura distributive harkaykinka harkaykikunanka exclusive harkaykilla harkaykikunalla paypa - third-person singular paypa (his/her/its) singular plural nominative harkan harkankuna accusative harkanta harkankunata dative harkanman harkankunaman genitive harkanpa harkankunap locative harkanpi harkankunapi terminative harkankama harkankunakama ablative harkanmanta harkankunamanta instrumental harkanwan harkankunawan comitative harkanintin harkankunantin abessive harkanninnaq harkankunannaq comparative harkanhina harkankunahina causative harkanrayku harkankunarayku benefactive harkanpaq harkankunapaq associative harkanpura harkankunapura distributive harkaninka harkankunanka exclusive harkanlla harkankunalla ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural nominative harkanchik harkanchikkuna accusative harkanchikta harkanchikkunata dative harkanchikman harkanchikkunaman genitive harkanchikpa harkanchikkunap locative harkanchikpi harkanchikkunapi terminative harkanchikkama harkanchikkunakama ablative harkanchikmanta harkanchikkunamanta instrumental harkanchikwan harkanchikkunawan comitative harkanchiknintin harkanchikkunantin abessive harkanchikninnaq harkanchikkunannaq comparative harkanchikhina harkanchikkunahina causative harkanchikrayku harkanchikkunarayku benefactive harkanchikpaq harkanchikkunapaq associative harkanchikpura harkanchikkunapura distributive harkanchikninka harkanchikkunanka exclusive harkanchiklla harkanchikkunalla ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural nominative harkayku harkaykukuna accusative harkaykuta harkaykukunata dative harkaykuman harkaykukunaman genitive harkaykupa harkaykukunap locative harkaykupi harkaykukunapi terminative harkaykukama harkaykukunakama ablative harkaykumanta harkaykukunamanta instrumental harkaykuwan harkaykukunawan comitative harkaykuntin harkaykukunantin abessive harkaykunnaq harkaykukunannaq comparative harkaykuhina harkaykukunahina causative harkaykurayku harkaykukunarayku benefactive harkaykupaq harkaykukunapaq associative harkaykupura harkaykukunapura distributive harkaykunka harkaykukunanka exclusive harkaykulla harkaykukunalla qamkunap - second-person plural qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural nominative harkaykichik harkaykichikkuna accusative harkaykichikta harkaykichikkunata dative harkaykichikman harkaykichikkunaman genitive harkaykichikpa harkaykichikkunap locative harkaykichikpi harkaykichikkunapi terminative harkaykichikkama harkaykichikkunakama ablative harkaykichikmanta harkaykichikkunamanta instrumental harkaykichikwan harkaykichikkunawan comitative harkaykichiknintin harkaykichikkunantin abessive harkaykichikninnaq harkaykichikkunannaq comparative harkaykichikhina harkaykichikkunahina causative harkaykichikrayku harkaykichikkunarayku benefactive harkaykichikpaq harkaykichikkunapaq associative harkaykichikpura harkaykichikkunapura distributive harkaykichikninka harkaykichikkunanka exclusive harkaykichiklla harkaykichikkunalla paykunap - third-person plural paykunap (their) singular plural nominative harkanku harkankukuna accusative harkankuta harkankukunata dative harkankuman harkankukunaman genitive harkankupa harkankukunap locative harkankupi harkankukunapi terminative harkankukama harkankukunakama ablative harkankumanta harkankukunamanta instrumental harkankuwan harkankukunawan comitative harkankuntin harkankukunantin abessive harkankunnaq harkankukunannaq comparative harkankuhina harkankukunahina causative harkankurayku harkankukunarayku benefactive harkankupaq harkankukunapaq associative harkankupura harkankukunapura distributive harkankunka harkankukunanka exclusive harkankulla harkankukunalla