hemlock

English

Conium maculatum, one of the umbellifers called hemlock

Tsuga heterophylla, one of the conifers called hemlock

Etymology

From Middle English hemlok, hemeluc, from Old English hymlīc, hymlīce (“hemlock, bryony, convolvulus”, literally “hops-like”), from hymele (“hop-vine”), from Proto-Germanic *humalaz, *humalōn, of unknown origin. Perhaps from Scythian, from *háwmah (“ephedra; juice”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwmas from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to press out, extract”).

cognates

• (from Proto-Germanic *humalaz, *humalōn) Old Norse humall, Middle Low German homele
• (from Sarmato-Scythian *haumala) Ossetian хумӕллӕг (xumællæg, “hops”)
• (from Sarmato-Scythian *hauma) Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬀‎ (haoma), Baluchi [script needed] (hum), Persian هوم‎ (hōm))
• (from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma) Sanskrit सोम (soma))

More at suck.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɛmˌlɒk/

• Audio (US)

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• Audio (CAN)

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Noun

hemlock (countable and uncountable, plural hemlocks)

1. Any of the poisonous umbelliferous plants, of the genera
   1. Conium, either Conium maculatum or Conium chaerophylloides.
   2. Cicuta, water hemlock plant.
2. The poison obtained from these Conium and Cicuta plants.
4. Any of several coniferous trees, of the genus Tsuga, that grow in North America; the wood of such trees.

Synonyms

• (Conium): beaver poison, devil's porridge, herb bennet, musquash root, poison hemlock, poison parsley, spotted corobane, spotted hemlock Conium maculatum; Conium chaerophylloides; Conium conium maculatum

Derived terms

• eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
• Canadian hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
• Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana)
• Taiwan hemlock, Chinese hemlock (Tsuga chinensis)
• northern Japanese hemlock (Tsuga diversifolia)
• Himalayan hemlock (Tsuga dumosa)
• Forrest's hemlock (Tsuga forrestii)
• western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla)
• southern Japanese hemlock (Tsuga sieboldii)
• mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana)
• poison hemlock (Conium maculatum)
• hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae)
• hemlock water parsnip (Sium suave)

Translations

tree

• Catalan: tsuga f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 鐵杉 (zh), 铁杉 (zh) (tiěshān)

• Czech: jedlovec m
• Danish: hemlock, skarntydegran
• Dutch: hemlockspar
• Esperanto: cugo
• Estonian: tsuuga
• Finnish: hemlokki (fi)
• French: pruche (fr) f

• German: Hemlocktanne f, Schierlingstanne f
• Japanese: ツガ (tsuga), 栂 (ja) (つが, tsuga)
• Norwegian: hemlokk
• Polish: choina (pl)
• Portuguese: tsuga m
• Russian: тсу́га (ru) f (tsúga)
• Spanish: falso abeto m
• Swedish: hemlockgran
• Ukrainian: тсу́га f (tsúha)

poisonous plant of genus Conium

• Albanian: kukutë f, magunë
• Amharic: please add this translation if you can
• Arabic: شَوْكَرَان‎ m (šawkarān)
• Armenian:

  Modern Armenian: please add this translation if you can

  Old Armenian: խինդ (xind)

• Aromanian: cucutã f
• Bashkir: please add this translation if you can
• Basque: please add this translation if you can
• Belarusian: балігало́ў m (balihalóŭ), о́мег m (ómjeh), аме́жнік m (amjéžnik)
• Bulgarian: бучини́ш m (bučiníš), мангу́на (mangúna)
• Catalan: cicuta (ca) f
• Cornish: kegis (collective), kegisen (singulative)
• Czech: bolehlav (cs) m
• Danish: skarntyde c
• Dutch: scheerling (nl)
• Finnish: katko (fi), myrkkykatko (fi)
• French: ciguë (fr) f
• Galician: canafrecha f
• Georgian: please add this translation if you can
• German: Schierling (de) m, (Conium maculatum) Gefleckter Schierling m / Fleckenschierling m
• Greek: κώνειο (el) n (kóneio), κιρκούτα f (kirkoúta)

  Ancient: κώνειον n (kṓneion)

  Byzantine: μαγγοῦνα f (mangoûna), μαγκοῦνα f (mankoûna), μαγγοῦτα (mangoûta), μαγκοῦτα (mankoûta)

• Hebrew: רֹאשׁ‎ (he) m (rōš)
• Hindi: please add this translation if you can

• Hungarian: bürök (hu)
• Italian: cicuta (it) f
• Japanese: ドクニンジン (dokuninjin)
• Kazakh: убалдырған (wbaldırğan)
• Kyrgyz: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: cicūta f
• Persian: شوکران‎ (fa) (šawkarân)
• Polish: szczwół m
• Portuguese: cicuta (pt) f
• Romanian: cucută (ro)
• Russian: болиголо́в (ru) m (boligolóv), оме́г (ru) m (omég)
• Scottish Gaelic: iteodha f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ку̀кута f

  Latin: kùkuta (sh) f

• Slovene: míšjak m
• Spanish: cicuta f
• Tigrinya: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish:

  Ottoman Turkish: بالدران‎ (baldıran)

  Modern Turkish: baldıran (tr)

• Ukrainian: болиголо́в (uk) m (bolyholóv), оме́г m (oméh), оме́жник m (oméžnyk)
• Turkmen: please add this translation if you can
• Uzbek: please add this translation if you can
• Volapük: (Conium) konid, (Conium maculatum) stenöfakonid, konidavenen (poison)

poisonous plant of genus Cicuta — see cowbane