huma

See also: húmá, humà, humă, and hǔmā

Bakumpai

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq.

Noun

huma

1. house

Central Bikol

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: hu‧ma
• IPA^(key): /huˈmaʔ/ [huˈmaʔ]

Noun

humâ

1. threat; menace

   Synonyms: kastor, patakot

Derived terms

• humaon
• kahumaan
• maghuma

French

Etymology 1

Verb

huma

1. third-person singular past historic of humer

Etymology 2

Clipping of humanité.

Noun

huma f (plural humas)

1. humanity

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• uma

Etymology

Inherited from Malay huma, from Proto-Malayic *huma(ʔ) (“farmland”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma (“farm”), from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”). Doublet of uma. False cognate of Latin humus.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈhuma/ [ˈhu.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: hu‧ma

Noun

huma (plural huma-huma)

1. unirrigated, dry or hill rice field
2. newly cleared land
3. (dialectal, in general) rice field

   Synonym: sawah

Affixations

• berhuma (“having such land; to farm or work on such land”)
• perhuma (“to change or make into such land”)
• perhumaan

Compounds

• huma akuan (“private or personal land”)

References

• Adelaar, K. A. (1992), Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎^[1], Canberra: The Australian National University
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qumah”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

• “huma”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Latin

Verb

humā

1. second-person singular present active imperative of humō

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *huma(ʔ) (“farmland”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma, from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”). False cognate of Latin humus.

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (huma).

Pronunciation

• (Literary Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈhuma/ [ˈhu.ma]

• (Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈhumə/ [ˈhu.mə]
• Rhymes: -uma

Noun

huma (Jawi spelling هوما, plural huma-huma)

1. dry or hill rice field
2. newly cleared land

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• perhumaan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)
• berhuma [stative / habitual] (beR-)
• memperhumai [causative agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (mempeR- + -i)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• padi huma

Descendants

• Indonesian: huma

References

• Adelaar, K. A. (1992), Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎^[2], Canberra: The Australian National University
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qumah”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

• “huma”, in Kamus Dewan [The Institute Dictionary] (in Malay), Fourth edition, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005, →ISBN
• "huma" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "huma" at PRPM first version)

Maltese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Semitic *šum

Arabic هُمْ (hum)

Maltese huma

Inherited from Arabic هُمْ (hum). Compare Moroccan Arabic هوما (hūma), Egyptian Arabic هما (humma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈuː.ma/
• Rhymes: -uːma

Pronoun

huma

1. they (third-person plural subject pronoun)

Inflection

Inflected forms of huma

positive	huma
negative	mhumiex
possessive pronoun	tagħhom
basic suffix	-hom
direct object suffix	-hom
indirect object suffix	-lhom

Ngaju

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

Noun

huma

1. house

Northern Sami

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈhuma/

Verb

huma

1. inflection of hupmat:
   1. present indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular imperative
   3. imperative connegative

Papiamentu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-mós

Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós

Proto-Italic *θūmos

Proto-Italic *fūmos

Latin fūmus

Old Spanish fumo

Spanish humoder.

Papiamentu huma

Derived from Spanish humo.

Noun

huma

1. smoke

Portuguese

Article

huma

1. obsolete spelling of uma

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhuma]

Noun

huma f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of humă

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈuma/ [ˈu.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: hu‧ma

Etymology 1

Noun

huma f (plural humas)

1. (Chile) tamale

   Synonyms: humita, tamal

Etymology 2

Verb

huma

1. inflection of humar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Sundanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma (“farmland”), from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”).

Noun

huma (Sundanese spelling ᮠᮥᮙ)

1. unirrigated rice field

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qumah”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /huˈma/ [hʊˈma]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: hu‧ma

Noun

humá (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜋ)

1. response to a surprising or unexpected comment from someone

Derived terms

• di-makahuma
• humuma
• paghuma

See also

• salita
• sagot

Anagrams

• muha

Tswana

Verb

huma

1. to become rich

Uneapa

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *quma (“clearing, swidden”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma, from Proto-Austronesian *qumah.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣuma/

Noun

huma

1. garden

Further reading

• Johnston, R.L. 1982. "Proto-Kimbe and the New Guinea Oceanic hypothesis". In Halim, A., Carrington, L. and Wurm, S.A. editors. Papers from the Third International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Vol. 1: Currents in Oceanic, 59-95.