išdum

Akkadian

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʔišd- (backside, lower leg, base, foundation). Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎛𐎌𐎄 (ỉšd). Compare also Arabic وِسَادَة (wisāda, “pillow”) and Biblical Hebrew יְסוֹד (yəsóḏ).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈiʃ.dum/

Noun

išdum m (construct state išid, dual išdān, plural išdātum f) (from Old Akkadian on)

1. base, foundation, bottom

   𒄿𒅆𒀉 𒀭𒂊 [išid šamê] ― i-ši-id AN-e ― horizon

2. (of persons) discipline

   𒁁𒂖 𒅖𒁲𒅔 [bēl išdīn] ― be-el iš-di-in ― disciplined person

3. lower extremities
4. administration, organization of a government

Alternative forms

• išdu (non-mimated)
• ešdum, ešdu
• ušdum, ušdu
• ištum (Old Babylonian)
• ildu, irdu (Middle Babylonian, Neo-Babylonian)
• issu (Neo-Assyrian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒁼 (SUḪUŠ) 𒁺 (DU) (Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian) 𒌫 (UR₂) 𒂉 (DUR₂)	𒅖𒁺𒌝 (iš-du-um) 𒅖𒁺 (iš-du)

Related terms

• bēl išdīn

 

References

• “išdu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “išdu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag