j

See also: J [U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J], յ [U+0575 ARMENIAN SMALL LETTER YI], Appendix:Variations of "j", and ᒎ [U+148E CANADIAN SYLLABICS COO]

j U+006A, j LATIN SMALL LETTER J ← i [U+0069] Basic Latin k → [U+006B]

Character variations

ʲ U+02B2, ʲ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J ← ʱ [U+02B1] Spacing Modifier Letters ʳ → [U+02B3]

ｊ U+FF4A, ｊ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER J ← ｉ [U+FF49] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｋ → [U+FF4B]

Languages (49)

Translingual • English

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Araki • Azerbaijani • Basque • Central Mazahua • Chipewyan • Dutch • Egyptian • Esperanto • Estonian • Faroese • Finnish • French • Fula • Gothic • Hungarian • Icelandic • Ido • Indonesian • Italian • Kankanaey • Karelian • Kashubian • Latvian • Livonian • Malay • Mam • Middle English • Norwegian • Nupe • Polish • Portuguese • Romani • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Silesian • Skolt Sami • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Tlingit • Turkish • Turkmen • Uzbek • Welsh • Yele • Yoruba • Zulu

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Page categories

Translingual

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation

• Pronunciation of IPA [jːɑː, ɑjjɑː] with the sound [j]:

  (file)

Symbol

j

1. (IPA) a palatal approximant a.k.a. yod.
2. (superscript ⟨ʲ⟩, IPA) palatalization ([j]-coloring) of a consonant; or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [j].
3. (pharmacy, obsolete) one.

   ℥j

   one ounce

4. (physics) imaginary unit

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 
  Normal and italic J
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase J in Fraktur

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter J):  Ĵĵ  Ɉɉ  J̌ǰ  ȷ  ϳ  ʝ  ɟ  ʄ  ᴊ  Ｊｊ  IJij  IJij  LJLjlj  LJLjlj  NJNjnj  NJNjnj

Other representations of J:

NATO phonetic: Juliet Morse code: ·––– Braille: ⠚ ASL Manual: J

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (letter name): enPR: jā, IPA^(key): /dʒeɪ/

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

  • Audio (UK):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -eɪ
  • (archaic or dialectal, Scotland) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒaɪ/
• Rhymes: -aɪ
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /dʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J, plural js or j's)

1. The tenth letter of the English alphabet, called jay and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• In Spanish language loanwords and names, "j" is pronounced as an "h", for example in fajita and Julio.
• The name of this letter is spelled jay, plural jays
• In Scotland, this letter is sometimes spelled jy, to reflect the local pronunciation.

Derived terms

• j-word

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Noun

j (plural js)

1. (slang) A term for a marijuana cigarette ('joint').

   "I went outside to smoke myself a J" — Paul Simon, from the song "Late in the Evening" from the album, "One Trick Pony."

2. (mathematics) An alternative version of i, the positive square root of -1; used in the context of electronics.
3. (mathematics) The second unit vector, after i

Etymology 2

Abbreviation.

Suffix

j

1. (stenoscript) a suffix or final syllable /ʃən/ (-tion, -sion, etc.)

Araki

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

j (uppercase J)

1. A letter of the Araki alphabet.

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʒ/

Letter

j lower case (upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Southern) /xota/, [xo̞.t̪a]
• IPA^(key): (Northern) /jota/, [jo̞.t̪a]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called jota and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Central Mazahua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h/, /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ⱥ ⱥ, A̱ a̱, B b, C c, Cꞌ cꞌ, Cj cj, Cu cu, Cꞌu cꞌu, Cju cju, Ch ch, Chꞌ chꞌ, Chj chj, D d, Dy dy, E e, Ɇ ɇ, E̱ e̱, G g, Gu gu, Hu hu, ꞌHu ꞌhu, I i, I̱ i̱, J j, Jꞌ jꞌ, Jm jm, Jn jn, Jñ jñ, Ju ju, Jy jy, L l, M m, Mꞌ mꞌ, N n, Nꞌ nꞌ, Ñ ñ, Ñꞌ ñꞌ, O o, Ø ø, O̱ o̱, P p, Pj pj, R r, S s, T t, Tꞌ tꞌ, Tj tj, Ts ts, Tsꞌ tsꞌ, Tsj tsj, U u, Ꞹ ꞹ, U̱ u̱, X x, Z z, Zh zh, ꞌ

Chipewyan

Pronunciation

1. IPA^(key): /t͜ʃ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. A letter of the Chipewyan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eː
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jeː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. the tenth letter of the Dutch alphabet

See also

• Previous letter: i
• Next letter: k

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /i/
  • Conventional anglicization: i

Interjection

1. O! (vocative interjection)

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

j	j	j	j	jꜣ
[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]

Descendants

• Old Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi)

Verb

1. (transitive) to say

Usage notes

By historical times, this verb is used almost exclusively as part of the quotative jn in its various forms.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

j	j	j

Noun

 m

1. (rare) statement, report, word (about someone’s good qualities) [Pyramid Texts]
   • c. 2255 BCE – 2246 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Merenre — west wall of the corridor’s north section, line 25–27, spell 609.18–22:

     
     
     
     
     

     jn m j n (j)fd(w) jpw jꜣtjw
     ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m gs jꜣb n(j) pt
     wṯz.sn j.k pn nfr n nḥb-kꜣw
     ḏd.n n.k zꜣt.k jdt
     wṯz nḥb-kꜣw j.k pn nfr n psḏtj

     • Translation by Allen

       A statement will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from the eastern side of the sky, and they will bear this good statement of you, which your daughter the Cow has spoken for you, to Kas-Assigner, and Kas-Assigner will bear this good statement of you to the Dual Ennead.

   • c. 2246 BCE – 2152 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Pepi II — east wall of the corridor’s south section, line 6–8, spell 609.18–22:

     
     
     
     
     

     [jn jj]j n(j) ppy [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ n jfdw jpw jꜣtjw
     ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m] gs jꜣb n(j) pt
     [wṯz].sn jjj n(j) [ppy] nfr-kꜣ-[rꜥ] pn nfr n nḥ[b-kꜣw]
     [… p]py [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ] ḏ[d.n n.k zꜣt].k [jd]t
     wṯz nḥb-kꜣw jj[j n(j)] ppy nfr-kꜣ-rꜥ pn [nfr n psḏtj]

     • Translation by Allen (modified)

       [A state]ment of Pepi [Nefer]ka[re will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from] the eastern side of the sky, and they [will bear] this good statement of [Pepi] Neferka[re … Pe]pi [Nefer]ka[re], which your [daughter the Co]w [has] spo[ken for you], to [Kas-As]signer, and Kas-Assigner will bear this [good] state[ment of] Pepi Neferkare [to the Dual Ennead].

Usage notes

The above quotes constitute all the known attestations of this word.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

jjj	j

Noun

 m

1. some part of a reed, likely panicles or leaves

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

j

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 25, 25.5
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 7
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 199, 319, 455.

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jo/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /j/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjotʲː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called jodd and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and j for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• Audio; “jii, Jaakko, tarjous, jii”:

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

French

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʒi/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Fula

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

Gothic

Romanization

j

1. Romanization of 𐌾

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈj]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈjeː]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called jé and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	j	j-k
accusative	j-t	j-ket
dative	j-nek	j-knek
instrumental	j-vel	j-kkel
causal-final	j-ért	j-kért
translative	j-vé	j-kké
terminative	j-ig	j-kig
essive-formal	j-ként	j-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	j-ben	j-kben
superessive	j-n	j-ken
adessive	j-nél	j-knél
illative	j-be	j-kbe
sublative	j-re	j-kre
allative	j-hez	j-khez
elative	j-ből	j-kből
delative	j-ről	j-kről
ablative	j-től	j-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	j-é	j-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	j-éi	j-kéi

Possessive forms of j
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	j-m	j-im
2nd person sing.	j-d	j-id
3rd person sing.	j-je	j-i
1st person plural	j-nk	j-ink
2nd person plural	j-tek	j-itek
3rd person plural	j-jük	j-ik

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• j in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /jɔðː/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

Ido

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʒe/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒe/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Italian

Letter

j f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case J)

1. the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

Usage notes

• The letter J is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. See under J.

Kankanaey

Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog j. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English j.

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ˈdjej/ [ˈd͡ʒei̯]
  • Rhymes: -ej
• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/ [d͡ʒ]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called dyey and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

References

• Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎^[2] (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

Karelian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Karelian alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v, Y y, Ä ä, Ö ö, ʼ

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and j for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, àã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [j]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

J

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called jē and written in the Latin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Malay

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Mam

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χ/

Letter

j (uppercase J)

1. A letter of the Mam alphabet.

Middle English

Pronoun

j

1. Alternative form of I (“I”)

Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jeː/, /jodː/, [jeː], [jɔdː]
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [j], [jː]

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. Antepenultimate letter of the Norwegian alphabet, coming after i and before k.

Nupe

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) banki; A a (Á á, À à), B b, C c, D d, Dz dz, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì), J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Ts ts, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and j for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɔt/

Letter

j (upper case J, lower case)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ˈʒɔ.tɐ/

• Audio (Brazil):

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Romani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. (International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

References

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “J, j”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 14

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or jî and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă,  â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Πî, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• J (uppercase)

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (Cyrillic spelling ј)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Serbo-Croatian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) slȍvo; A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, Dž dž, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Lj lj, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Silesian

Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and j for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, àã, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ŏ ŏ, Ō ō, Ô ô, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʝ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (phoneme) /x/
• IPA^(key): (letter name) /ˈxota/ [ˈxo.t̪a]

  • Audio (Spain):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ota

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o (Ó ó), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name

• IPA^(key): /jiː/

Phoneme

• IPA^(key): /j/, /ɧ/
  • Homophone: g (in some positions)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called ji and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bokstav; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish j. Each pronunciation has a different source:

• Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English j.
• Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish j.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈdjej/ [ˈd͡ʒeɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • Rhymes: -ej
  • IPA^(key): /ˈhota/ [ˈhoː.t̪ɐ] (letter name, Abecedario)
    • Rhymes: -ota
  • IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/ [d͡ʒ] (phoneme)
  • IPA^(key): /h/ [h] (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords)
  • IPA^(key): /s/ [s] (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J, Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜌ᜔)

1. The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called dyey and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• This letter is mostly used only in slang, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.
• Some purists of Tagalog replace j in words with dy.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜆ)

1. (historical) The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called jota and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Some Spanish words originally with Spanish j tend to be replaced with h in Tagalog.

Further reading

• “j”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tlingit

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʃ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• Canada: (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à,  â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Πî, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
• US: (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․

Turkish

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ʒeː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a ( â), B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i (Πî), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u (Û û), Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

Turkmen

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The eleventh letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

Uzbek

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Y y, Z z, Oʻ oʻ, Gʻ gʻ, Sh sh, Ch ch, Ng ng

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒeː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called èl and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by i and followed by l.

Mutation

• Dd cannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à,  â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Πî, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “j”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yele

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ʲ/ (nj is pronounced [nd͡ʑ])

Letter

j

1. A letter of the Yele alphabet. Only occurs in the digraph ⟨nj⟩.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, â, b, Ch ch, D d, e, é, ê, Gh gh, i, î, j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, o, ó, P p, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y, ꞉

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒí/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The eleventh letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called jí and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
• (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y

Zulu

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z