jogar

Hungarian

Etymology

jog (“right, law”) + -ar which was misinterpreted as a suffix (compare szivar, ivar). Created by József Bajza during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈjoɡɒr]
• Hyphenation: jo‧gar
• Rhymes: -ɒr

Noun

jogar (plural jogarok)

1. sceptre (scepter)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	jogar	jogarok
accusative	jogart	jogarokat
dative	jogarnak	jogaroknak
instrumental	jogarral	jogarokkal
causal-final	jogarért	jogarokért
translative	jogarrá	jogarokká
terminative	jogarig	jogarokig
essive-formal	jogarként	jogarokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	jogarban	jogarokban
superessive	jogaron	jogarokon
adessive	jogarnál	jogaroknál
illative	jogarba	jogarokba
sublative	jogarra	jogarokra
allative	jogarhoz	jogarokhoz
elative	jogarból	jogarokból
delative	jogarról	jogarokról
ablative	jogartól	jogaroktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	jogaré	jogaroké
non-attributive possessive - plural	jogaréi	jogarokéi

Possessive forms of jogar
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	jogarom	jogaraim
2nd person sing.	jogarod	jogaraid
3rd person sing.	jogara	jogarai
1st person plural	jogarunk	jogaraink
2nd person plural	jogarotok	jogaraitok
3rd person plural	jogaruk	jogaraik

Further reading

• jogar in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Occitan

Alternative forms

• jugar

Etymology

From Old Occitan, from Vulgar Latin *jocāre, *iocāre, from Latin iocārī, present active infinitive of iocor (“joke, jest; play”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

jogar

1. to play

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• jogador
• jogaire

Related terms

• jòc

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Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *jocāre, *iocāre, from Latin iocārī, present active infinitive of iocor (“joke, jest; play”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒoˈɡaɾ/

Verb

jogar

1. to play
   • 13th century C.E., Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , E codex, cantiga 294 (facsimile):

     Como hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſ[ant]a mari[a] por q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtava a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.

     How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.

Descendants

• Galician: xogar
• Portuguese: jogar

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Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese jogar, from Vulgar Latin *jocāre, *iocāre, from Latin iocārī, present active infinitive of iocor (“joke, jest; play”).

Cognate of Spanish jugar.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): (Brazil) /ʒoˈɡa(ʁ)/, [ʒoˈɡa(h)]

• IPA^(key): (Brazil) /ʒoˈɡa(ʁ)/, [ʒoˈɡa(h)]
  • IPA^(key): (São Paulo) /ʒoˈɡa(ɾ)/, [ʒoˈɡa(ɾ)]
  • IPA^(key): (Rio) /ʒoˈɡa(ʁ)/, [ʒoˈɡa(χ)]

• IPA^(key): (Portugal) /ʒuˈɡaɾ/, [ʒuˈɣaɾ]

• (South Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʒo.ˈɡa(ɻ)/, /ʒo.ˈɡa(ɾ)/
• Homophone: jugar (Portugal)
• Hyphenation: jo‧gar

Verb

jogar (first-person singular present indicative jogo, past participle jogado)

2. (transitive or intransitive) to play (to participate in a sport or game)

   Quando que o meu time joga? ― When is my team playing?

   Jogamos RPG todos os dias. ― We play RPG every day.

4. (transitive or ditransitive, with the indirect object taking em) to throw; to hurl (to shove an object away)

   Joguei uma pedra à janela. ― I threw a rock at the window.

6. (ditransitive, with the indirect object taking a or para or an indirect objective pronoun) to hand something over by throwing it

   Me jogue as chaves. ― Throw me the keys.

   Tentaram jogar comida aos prisioneiros. ― They tried to throw the prisoners food.

   Synonyms: arremessar, arrojar, atirar, lançar

8. (transitive or intransitive) to gamble (to play risky games, especially casino games)

   Jogar é um vício comum. ― Gambling is a common addiction.

   Synonym: apostar

10. (transitive with em) to bet on (to place a bet on)

    Ela jogou no cavalo errado e perdeu todo seu dinheiro. ― She bet on the wrong horse and lost all of her money.

    Synonym: apostar

12. (by extension, transitive with em) to bet on (to place one’s hopes or efforts on)

    Joguei no amor e acabei levando uma facada nas costas. ― I placed a bet on love and ended up being stabbed in the back.

14. (intransitive) to agitate or oscillate

    A água jogava. ― The water was agitated.

16. (transitive with com) to match; to go with (to form a good combination with)

    Esse comentário não joga bem com a sua reputação de imparcial. ― This comment doesn’t go well with your reputation of impartiality.

    Synonyms: condizer, ir

18. (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with em or dentro de) to immerse oneself in (to become completely involved with)

Conjugation

  Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb jogar

Notes:[edit] This is a regular verb of the -ar group. The last letter g is changed to gu depending on the following vowel, resulting in these three possible sequences: -ga-, -gue- and -go-. Verbs with this conjugation include: apagar, cegar, esmagar, largar, navegar, resmungar, sugar.
	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	jogar
Personal	jogar	jogares	jogar	jogarmos	jogardes	jogarem
Gerund
	jogando
Past participle
Masculine	jogado			jogados
Feminine	jogada			jogadas
Indicative
Present	jogo	jogas	joga	jogamos	jogais	jogam
Imperfect	jogava	jogavas	jogava	jogávamos	jogáveis	jogavam
Preterite	joguei	jogaste	jogou	jogamos jogámos	jogastes	jogaram
Pluperfect	jogara	jogaras	jogara	jogáramos	jogáreis	jogaram
Future	jogarei	jogarás	jogará	jogaremos	jogareis	jogarão
Conditional
	jogaria	jogarias	jogaria	jogaríamos	jogaríeis	jogariam
Subjunctive
Present	jogue	jogues	jogue	joguemos	jogueis	joguem
Imperfect	jogasse	jogasses	jogasse	jogássemos	jogásseis	jogassem
Future	jogar	jogares	jogar	jogarmos	jogardes	jogarem
Imperative
Affirmative	-	joga	jogue	joguemos	jogai	joguem
Negative (não)	-	jogues	jogue	joguemos	jogueis	joguem

Derived terms

• jogabilidade
• jogada
• jogado
• jogador
• jogar fora
• jogável

 

Related terms

• jogo

References

• “jogar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
• “jogar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2021.