kruk

See also: Kruk

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch kruk, from Middle Dutch crucke.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /krœk/

Noun

kruk (plural krukke)

1. crutch

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		крук
Arabic		کروک

Kruk

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian крук (kruk).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkruk/ [ˈkrʊk̚]
• Rhymes: -uk
• Hyphenation: kruk

Noun

kruk (definite accusative kruyu, plural kruklar)

1. (surgery) crutch

Declension

Declension of kruk

	singular	plural
nominative	kruk	kruklar
definite accusative	kruku	krukları
dative	kruka	kruklara
locative	krukda	kruklarda
ablative	krukdan	kruklardan
definite genitive	krukun	krukların

Possessive forms of kruk

	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	krukum	kruklarım
sənin (“your”)	krukun	krukların
onun (“his/her/its”)	kruku	krukları
bizim (“our”)	krukumuz	kruklarımız
sizin (“your”)	krukunuz	kruklarınız
onların (“their”)	kruku or krukları	krukları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	krukumu	kruklarımı
sənin (“your”)	krukunu	kruklarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	krukunu	kruklarını
bizim (“our”)	krukumuzu	kruklarımızı
sizin (“your”)	krukunuzu	kruklarınızı
onların (“their”)	krukunu or kruklarını	kruklarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	krukuma	kruklarıma
sənin (“your”)	krukuna	kruklarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	krukuna	kruklarına
bizim (“our”)	krukumuza	kruklarımıza
sizin (“your”)	krukunuza	kruklarınıza
onların (“their”)	krukuna or kruklarına	kruklarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	krukumda	kruklarımda
sənin (“your”)	krukunda	kruklarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	krukunda	kruklarında
bizim (“our”)	krukumuzda	kruklarımızda
sizin (“your”)	krukunuzda	kruklarınızda
onların (“their”)	krukunda or kruklarında	kruklarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	krukumdan	kruklarımdan
sənin (“your”)	krukundan	kruklarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	krukundan	kruklarından
bizim (“our”)	krukumuzdan	kruklarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	krukunuzdan	kruklarınızdan
onların (“their”)	krukundan or kruklarından	kruklarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	krukumun	kruklarımın
sənin (“your”)	krukunun	kruklarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	krukunun	kruklarının
bizim (“our”)	krukumuzun	kruklarımızın
sizin (“your”)	krukunuzun	kruklarınızın
onların (“their”)	krukunun or kruklarının	kruklarının

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /krʏk/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kruk
• Rhymes: -ʏk

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch crucke, from Old Dutch *krukka, from Frankish *krukkju, from Proto-Germanic *krukjō.

Noun

kruk f (plural krukken, diminutive krukje n)

1. stool (piece of furniture without back or armrests)
2. crutch (device to assist in motion)
3. handle

Derived terms

• baarkruk
• barkruk
• deurkruk
• krukas
• krukken
• krukzolder
• melkkruk
• pianokruk

Descendants

• Afrikaans: kruk
• → Indonesian: kruk (“crutch”)
• → Papiamentu: krùk, kruk (dated)
• → West Frisian: kruk

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

kruk

1. inflection of krukken:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

Anagrams

• kurk

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch kruk.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈkruk/ [ˈkrʊk̚]
• Rhymes: -uk
• Syllabification: kruk

Noun

kruk (plural kruk-kruk)

1. (surgery) crutch

Further reading

• “kruk”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Kashubian

Etymology

Borrowed from Low Prussian Krucke.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkruk/
• Rhymes: -uk
• Syllabification: kruk

Noun

kruk m inan

1. pitcher, jug
2. hot water bottle

Declension

Declension of kruk

	singular	plural
nominative	kruk	kruczi
genitive	kruka	kruków
dative	krukòwi	krukóm
accusative	kruka	kruczi
instrumental	krukã	krukama
locative	krukù	krukach
vocative	krukù	kruczi

Further reading

• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “dzban”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[1]
• “kruk”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkruk/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uk
• Syllabification: kruk
• Homophone: Kruk

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *krukъ.

Noun

kruk m animal (diminutive kruczek)

1. raven, especially the common raven (Corvus corax)

Declension

Declension of kruk

	singular	plural
nominative	kruk	kruki
genitive	kruka	kruków
dative	krukowi	krukom
accusative	kruka	kruki
instrumental	krukiem	krukami
locative	kruku	krukach
vocative	kruku	kruki

Derived terms

adjectives

• kruczy
• krukowaty

nouns

• biały kruk
• krucz
• kruczek
• kruczę

proverbs

• kruk krukowi oka nie wykole
• rozdziobią nas kruki i wrony

Related terms

verbs

• kruczeć impf
• krukać impf

Noun

kruk m pers

1. (Warsaw) unemployed person

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ukrainian крюк (krjuk), from Old East Slavic крюкъ (krjukŭ), from Old Norse krókr, from Proto-Germanic *krōkaz.

Noun

kruk m inan

1. (regional) fire iron, poker

   Synonym: pogrzebacz

Declension

Declension of kruk

	singular	plural
nominative	kruk	kruki
genitive	kruku	kruków
dative	krukowi	krukom
accusative	kruk	kruki
instrumental	krukiem	krukami
locative	kruku	krukach
vocative	kruku	kruki

Related terms

noun

• kruczek

Further reading

• kruk in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• kruk in Polish dictionaries at PWN

West Frisian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch kruk, from Middle Dutch crucke.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /krøk/

Noun

kruk c (plural krukken)

1. crutch