kultain

Ingrian

Etymology

From kulta (“gold”) +‎ -in. Akin to Finnish kultainen and Karelian kultani.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkultɑi̯ne/, [ˈkuɫtəi̯n]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkultɑi̯n/, [ˈkuɫtɑi̯n]
• Rhymes: -ultɑi̯n
• Hyphenation: kul‧tain

Adjective

kultain

1. golden (made of gold)
   • 1885, “Sprachproben: Der goldene Vogel”, in Volmari Porkka, editor, Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:

     Saaduus kasvoit kultaiset omenat.

     In the garden there grew golden apples.

     (Note: The spelling has been normalised in accordance with the literary Ingrian language.)

Declension

Declension of kultain (type 1/kärpäin, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kultain	kultaiset
genitive	kultaisen	kultaisiin
partitive	kultaista, kultaist	kultaisia
illative	kultaisee	kultaisii
inessive	kultaisees	kultaisiis
elative	kultaisest	kultaisist
allative	kultaiselle	kultaisille
adessive	kultaiseel	kultaisiil
ablative	kultaiselt	kultaisilt
translative	kultaiseks	kultaisiks
essive	kultaisenna, kultaiseen	kultaisinna, kultaisiin
exessive1)	kultaisent	kultaisint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 51

Votic

Alternative forms

• kultõin

Etymology

kultõ +‎ -in

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈkultɑi̯n/, [ˈkuɫtɑi̯n]
• Rhymes: -ultɑi̯n
• Hyphenation: kul‧tain

Adjective

kultain

1. golden

Inflection

Declension of kultain (type XII/sinin, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kultain	kultaizõd
genitive	kultaizõ	kultaizijõ, kultaizi
partitive	kultaissõ	kultaizita, kultaizi
illative	kultaizõ, kultaizõõsõ	kultaizisõ
inessive	kultaizõz	kultaiziz
elative	kultaizõssõ	kultaizissõ
allative	kultaizõlõõ	kultaizilõõ
adessive	kultaizõllõ	kultaizillõ
ablative	kultaizõltõ	kultaiziltõ
translative	kultaizõssi	kultaizissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “kultainõ”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn