mos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mos"

Languages (26)

Afrikaans • Albanian • Aragonese • Asturian • Bikol Central • Bouyei • Catalan • Cornish • Danish • Dutch • Franco-Provençal • Hungarian • Kalasha • Latin • Middle English • Old English • Old High German • Old Irish • Old Occitan • Penobscot • Portuguese • Romanian • Swedish • White Hmong

Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

mos

(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Mooré.

English

Etymology 1

Noun

mos (plural mores)

(rare) singular of mores (“moral norms or customs”)

Etymology 2

Noun

mos

plural of mo (“month; molester”)

Anagrams

OMS, OMs, SMO, SOM, Som., oms, osm, som, som'

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mos/

Etymology 1

From Dutch mos, from Proto-Germanic *musą.

Noun

mos (plural mosse)

moss

Etymology 2

From Dutch most, from Latin mustum.

Noun

mos (uncountable)

must (unfermented or partially fermented grape juice)

Etymology 3

Adverb

mos

as you already know (see usage notes)

Usage notes

When used as an adverb, mos is used when what is being said is already known (or was known, but perhaps now forgotten) by the listener. For example, if Person A asks Person B, "gaan jy vandag inkopies doen?" (are you going to go shopping today?) and Person B replies, "ja, ek doen mos elke Maandag inkopies" (yes, I go shopping every Monday), then this implies that Person A should already know (or did know at some point, and perhaps forgot) that Person B goes shopping every Monday. If the fact that Person B goes shopping on Mondays was new to Person A, then Person B would reply without using "mos". It is thus also used when making a statement that, while possibly obvious to the listener, is intended to provide context for a following statement.

Albanian

Etymology

Union of particles mo (“un-”) and së (“un-”).^[1]

Adverb

mos

don't

Derived terms

Related terms

mo

References

^ Topalli, Kolec (2017), “mos”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in Albanian), Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page 1008

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin nos, with the initial consonant influenced by the first-person singular object pronoun me (“me”).

Pronoun

mos

Benasquese and Low Ribagorçan form of nos (“us”, first-person plural dative and accusative pronoun)

References

“nos”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Asturian

Pronoun

mos

alternative form of nos

Bikol Central

Etymology

Clipping of bamos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmos/ [ˈmos]

Verb

mós (Basahan spelling ᜋᜓᜐ᜔)

(Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon) to go
Synonym: madya

Mos! (Mos na kita!)
Let's go now!

Related terms

mos na

Bouyei

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *ʰmɤːlᴮ (“new”). Cognate with Thai ใหม่ (mài), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩲ᩵, Lao ໃໝ່ (mai), Lü ᦺᦖᧈ (ṁay¹), Tai Dam ꪻꪢ꪿, Shan မႂ်ႇ (màue), Tai Nüa ᥛᥬᥱ (mǎue), Ahom 𑜉𑜧 (maw) or 𑜉𑜨𑜧 (mow), Zhuang moq.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mo˧˥/

Adjective

mos

new

Catalan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin morsus (“a bite”), from mordeō (“bite”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈmɔs]

Noun

mos m (plural mossos)

bite, mouthful
Synonyms: mossegada, mossada
bit (metal placed in a horse's mouth)
Synonym: fre

Derived terms

Related terms

mossegar

Etymology 2

From nos, assimilated to the -m ending in reflexive constructions.

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /mus/ (always unstressed)
(Valencia) IPA^(key): /mos/ (always unstressed)

Pronoun

mos (enclitic, contracted 'ns, proclitic ens)

(dialectal, direct or indirect object) us
Synonym: ens (standard)

Mos visiten. ― They visit us.

Etymology 3

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *mōs, reduced form of Latin meōs.

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /mus/ (always unstressed)
(Valencia) IPA^(key): /mos/ (always unstressed)

Determiner

mos

masculine plural of mon

Alternative forms

mons (dialectal)

Cornish

Etymology 1

Suppletive verb:

Verbal noun from Proto-Brythonic *moned, from Proto-Celtic *monītor, from Proto-Indo-European *menH-. Cognate with Breton mont and Welsh mynd.
Present indicative forms are from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣɨd, from Proto-Celtic *ageti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.
Subjunctive forms (yl-/el-) are from Proto-Celtic *ɸalnati, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂-.
The imperative form ke is unexplained but can be compared to Welsh cer.

Verb

mos (irregular)

to go
to become

Conjugation

Conjugation of *mos*
		singular			plural			impersonal
		first	second	third	first	second	third	impersonal
indicative	present/future	av	edh	a	en	ewgh	ons	er
	preterite	yth	ythys	eth	ethen	ethewgh	ethons	es
	perfect	galsov	galsos	gallas	galson	galsowgh	galsons	-
	imperfect	en	es	e	en	ewgh	ens	es / os
	pluperfect	gylsen	gylses	galsa	gylsen	gylsewgh	gylsens	-

subjunctive	present/future	ylliv	ylli	ello	yllyn	yllowgh	ellons	eller
subjunctive	imperfect	ellen	elles	ella	ellen	ellewgh	ellens	elles

imperative		-	ke / a	es	deun	kewgh / ewgh	ens	-

non-finite forms		present participle		ow mos, ow mones	verbal adjective		gyllys

Derived terms

mos a-berth yn kendon (“run into debt”)
mos a-bervedh (“enter”)
mos a-dro (“get about”)
mos dhe arvow (“take up arms”)
mos dhe goll (“be lost, go missing”)
mos dhe-ves (“go away”)
mos dres (“exceed”)
mos er a bynn (“address”)
mos gans (“escort”)
mos ha bos (“become”)
mos mes a wel (“vanish”)
mos re bell (“exaggerate, go too far”)
mos war benn dewlin (“kneel”)
mos war-barth gans (“escort”)
mos war-barth ha (“accompany someone”)
mos yn fordh (“be on one's way”)
mos yn kost (“go to the expense”)
mos yn sowdhan (“go astray”)
mos yn stag (“get stuck”)
mos yn tonnek (“flock together”)
mos yn-mes (“exit, go out”)
mos yn-mes gans (“date”)
mos yn-rag (“go forward, proceed”)
tokyn-mos ha dos (“return ticket”)

Etymology 2

Noun

mos f (plural mosi)

(Revived Late Cornish) alternative form of mowes (“girl”)

Mutation

Mutation of *mos*
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
mos	vos	unchanged	unchanged	fos	vos

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Danish

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German mos, from Proto-Germanic *mōsą (“mush, porridge”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /moːs/, [moːˀs]

Noun

mos c (singular definite mosen, not used in plural form)

mash, puree

Declension

Declension of *mos*
common gender	singular
common gender	indefinite	definite
nominative	mos	mosen
genitive	moss	mosens

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse mosi, mose, from Proto-Germanic *musą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɔs/, [mɔs]

Noun

mos n (singular definite mosset, plural indefinite mosser)

moss

Inflection

Declension of *mos*
neuter gender	singular		plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	mos	mosset	mosser	mosserne
genitive	mos'	mossets	mossers	mossernes

Derived terms

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /moːs/, [moːˀs]

Verb

mos

imperative of mose

References

“mos” in Den Danske Ordbog
“mos” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:

mos

Wikipedia ^nl

Etymology

From Middle Dutch mos, from Old Dutch *mos, from Proto-West Germanic *mos, from Proto-Germanic *musą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɔs/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: mos
Rhymes: -ɔs

Noun

mos n (plural mossen, diminutive mosje n)

moss (small seedless plant(s) growing on surfaces)
Hypernym: plant
lichen (symbiotic association(s) of algae and fungi)
Synonym: korstmos
(obsolete, rare) swamp, marsh

Derived terms

Anagrams

som

Franco-Provençal

Determiner

mos

masculine plural of mon

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *mośke-.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈmoʃ]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -oʃ

Verb

mos

(transitive) to wash something (to clean with water, including brushing one’s teeth)
Perfectives: megmos, kimos, lemos

Troponyms: csutakol, öblít, sikál, súrol, suvickol

Hypernym: tisztít

kezet, arcot mos ― to wash one’s hands, face

fogat mos ― to brush one’s teeth

Conjugation

Conjugation of *mos*
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	mosok	mosol	mos	mosunk	mostok	mosnak
			def.	mosom	mosod	mossa	mossuk	mossátok	mossák
			2nd obj	moslak
		past	indef.	mostam	mostál	mosott	mostunk	mostatok	mostak
			def.	mostam	mostad	mosta	mostuk	mostátok	mosták
			2nd obj	mostalak
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. mosni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	mosék	mosál	mosa	mosánk	mosátok	mosának
		def.	mosám	mosád	mosá	mosánk	mosátok	mosák
		2nd obj	mosálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. mos vala, mosott vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	mosandok	mosandasz	mosand	mosandunk	mosandotok	mosandanak
		def.	mosandom	mosandod	mosandja	mosandjuk	mosandjátok	mosandják
		2nd obj	mosandalak

conditional		present	indef.	mosnék	mosnál	mosna	mosnánk	mosnátok	mosnának
	def.		mosnám	mosnád	mosná	mosnánk (or mosnók)	mosnátok	mosnák
	2nd obj		mosnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. mosott volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	mossak	moss or mossál	mosson	mossunk	mossatok	mossanak
			def.	mossam	mosd or mossad	mossa	mossuk	mossátok	mossák
			2nd obj	mossalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. mosott légyen

infinitive		mosni		mosnom	mosnod	mosnia	mosnunk	mosnotok	mosniuk
other forms	mosás		mosó	mosott	mosandó	mosva (mosván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

Potential conjugation of *mos*
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	moshatok	moshatsz	moshat	moshatunk	moshattok	moshatnak
			def.	moshatom	moshatod	moshatja	moshatjuk	moshatjátok	moshatják
			2nd obj	moshatlak
		past	indef.	moshattam	moshattál	moshatott	moshattunk	moshattatok	moshattak
			def.	moshattam	moshattad	moshatta	moshattuk	moshattátok	moshatták
			2nd obj	moshattalak
archaic preterite		indef.	moshaték	moshatál	moshata	moshatánk	moshatátok	moshatának
		def.	moshatám	moshatád	moshatá	moshatánk	moshatátok	moshaták
		2nd obj	moshatálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. moshat vala, moshatott vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	moshatandok or mosandhatok	moshatandasz or mosandhatsz	moshatand or mosandhat	moshatandunk or mosandhatunk	moshatandotok or mosandhattok	moshatandanak or mosandhatnak
		def.	moshatandom or mosandhatom	moshatandod or mosandhatod	moshatandja or mosandhatja	moshatandjuk or mosandhatjuk	moshatandjátok or mosandhatjátok	moshatandják or mosandhatják
		2nd obj	moshatandalak or mosandhatlak

conditional		present	indef.	moshatnék	moshatnál	moshatna	moshatnánk	moshatnátok	moshatnának
	def.		moshatnám	moshatnád	moshatná	moshatnánk (or moshatnók)	moshatnátok	moshatnák
	2nd obj		moshatnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. moshatott volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	moshassak	moshass or moshassál	moshasson	moshassunk	moshassatok	moshassanak
			def.	moshassam	moshasd or moshassad	moshassa	moshassuk	moshassátok	moshassák
			2nd obj	moshassalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. moshatott légyen

infinitive		(moshatni)		(moshatnom)	(moshatnod)	(moshatnia)	(moshatnunk)	(moshatnotok)	(moshatniuk)
other forms	mosható			moshatatlan		(moshatva / moshatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Expressions

References

^ Entry #568 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ mos in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Anagrams

som

Kalasha

Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms.

Noun

mos

meat

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *mōs, a root noun interpreted as an s-stem noun, of uncertain origin. Generally believed to derive from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁-, *meh₁- (“to intend or be intent upon, to be of strong will”) (though the more common meaning of “to measure” may be the original, with “to intend” as a semantic extension),^[1] whence Ancient Greek μαίομαι (maíomai, “to strive”) and perhaps Ancient Greek Μοῦσᾰ (Moûsă, “Muse”), and also English mood.

It has also been conjectured that some senses of mōs, such as those having to do with “manner” and “way”, may indicate a possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure”), compare and contrast modus; if that is true, it would seem to suggest an example of combined etymology or conflation. If two such roots *med- and *meh₁- existed, both meaning “to measure”, it is plausible that the latter was derived from the former via early PIE glottalic *d ~ *h₁ alternation, seen for example in the pair *dwi- : *h₁wi- (“in two; apart”) and possibly in other roots such as *wed- : *weh₁- (“to wet; water”); *h₂ed- : *h₂eh₁- (“to dry (by fire)”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈmoːs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈmɔs]

Noun

mōs m (genitive mōris); third declension

manner (of behaving), way (of behaving); behavior, conduct
Synonym: modus
- 163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos:
  Quid istuc, quaeso? qui istic mos est, Clitipho? itane fieri oportet?
  Tell me, what are you up to? What sort of behavior’s this, Clitipho? Is this the proper way to act?
- 27 BCE – 9 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita Libri 28:
  Ceterum asperitas locorum et Celtiberis, quibus in proelio concursare mos est, velocitatem inutilem faciebat...
  But the roughness of the ground made nimbleness of no use to the Celtiberians, whose manner it is to be skirmishers in battle...
- 60 CE – 65 CE, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium Epistula LXXXVI:
  Magna ergo me voluptas subiit contemplantem mores Scipionis ac nostros.
  It was therefore a great pleasure to me to contrast Scipio’s ways with our own.
custom, habit, practice, usage, wont
Synonyms: habitus, usus, solitum, exemplum
- 160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe:
  Vah! quam vellem etiam noctu amicis operam mos esset dari!
  Oh! How I wish it was the custom to offer services to friends at night as well!
- 63 BCE, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Oratio in Catilinam Secunda:
  Interfectum esse L. Catilinam et gravissimo supplicio adfectum iam pridem oportebat, idque a me et mos maiorum et huius imperi severitas et res publica postulabat.
  Lucius Catilina ought to have suffered the supreme penalty and been put to death long ago, a course required of me by the practice of our ancestors, the stern tradition of my office, and by interests of state.
- 41 BCE – 40 BCE, Gaius Sallustius Crispus, De Bello Iugurthino:
  Ceterum mos partium popularium et factionum ac deinde omnium malarum artium paucis ante annis Romae ortus est otio atque abundantia earum rerum quae prima mortales ducunt.
  Furthermore, the usage of political groups and factions, and afterward of all evil practices, originated at Rome a few years before this as the result of peacetime and of an abundance of those things that mortals prize most highly.
- 40 BCE – 35 BCE, Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Historiae Liber IV:
  ...qui quidem mos ut tabes in urbem coiectus...
  ...which habit, in truth, foisted upon the City, like a plague...
- 13 BCE, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Carmina, Liber IV:
  ...nullis polluitur casta domus stupris, mos et lex maculosum edomuit nefas...
  ...the home is pure, unstained by any lewdness, custom and law have gained control over the plague of vice...
- 60 CE – 65 CE, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium Epistula XV:
  Mos antiquis fuit usque ad meam servatus aetatem.
  The old Romans had a custom which survived even into my lifetime.
- 121 CE, Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De vita Caesarum Liber VI: Nero:
  Reversus e Graecia Neapolim, quod in ea primum artem protulerat, albis equis introiit disiecta parte muri, ut mos hieronicarum est...
  Returning from Greece, since it was at Naples that he had made his first appearance, he entered that city with white horses through a part of the wall which had been thrown down, as is the custom with victors in the sacred games...
- 121 CE, Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De vita Caesarum Liber VII: Galba:
  ...ut triumphaturi Caesares inde laureas decerperent; fuitque mos triumphantibus, alias confestim eodem loco pangere; et observatum est sub cuiusque obitum arborem ab ipso institutam elanguisse.
  ...moreover it was the habit of those who triumphed to plant other branches at once in that same place, and it was observed that just before the death of each of them the tree which he had planted withered.
(predominantly plural) character; disposition, inclination, temperament
Synonyms: animus, dispositiō, inclīnātiō, temperamentum
- 163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos:
  Edepol te, mea Antiphila, laudo et fortunatam iudico, id quom studuisti isti formae ut mores consimiles forent...
  In heaven’s name, my dear Antiphila, I congratulate you and I judge you fortunate, in that you have made it your concern to see that your temperament matches your beauty...
- 163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos:
  Vobis cum uno semel ubi aetatem agere decretumst viro, quoius mos maxume consimilis vostrum, hi se ad vos applicant.
  With you, on the other hand, once you have decided to live your life with the one man whose disposition is most compatible with yours, they devote themselves to you.
- 62 BCE – 43 BCE, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 13.17.3:
  Spondebo enim tibi, vel potius spondeo in meque recipio, eos esse M'. Curii mores eamque quum probitatem, tum etiam humanitatem, ut eum et amicitia tua et tam accurata commendatione, si tibi sit cognitus, dignum sis existimaturus.
  I shall pledge my word to you, or rather give you my promise and solemn undertaking, that such is M'. Curius's character, such his integrity and his kindliness combined, that if you make his acquaintance, you will assuredly deem him worthy of both your friendship and of so elaborate a recommendation.
- 116 CE, Gaius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales:
  Multa sine dubio saevaque Augustus de moribus adulescentis questus, ut exilium eius senatus consulto sanciretur, perfecerat; ceterum in nullius umquam suorum necem duravit, neque mortem nepoti pro securitate privigni inlatam credibile erat. Propius vero Tiberium ac Liviam, illum metu, hanc novercalibus odiis, suspecti et invisi iuvenis caedem festinavisse. Nuntianti centurioni, ut mos militiae, factum esse quod imperasset, neque imperasse sese et rationem facti reddendam apud senatum respondit.
  It was beyond question that by his frequent and bitter strictures on the youth’s character Augustus had procured the senatorial decree for his exile: on the other hand, at no time did he harden his heart to the killing of a relative, and it remained incredible that he should have sacrificed the life of a grandchild in order to diminish the anxieties of a stepson. More probably, Tiberius and Livia, actuated in the one case by fear, and in the other by stepmotherly dislike, hurriedly procured the murder of a youth whom they suspected and detested. To the centurion who brought the usual military report, that his instructions had been carried out, the emperor rejoined that he had given no instructions and the deed would have to be accounted for in the senate.
will, self-will, humor, caprice
Synonyms: arbitrium, voluntas
- 190 BCE, Titus Maccius Plautus, Truculentus:
  Tu dedisti iam, hic daturust: istuc habeo, hoc expeto. Uerum utrique mos geratur amborum ex sententia.
  You have already given, he will still give: yours I have, his I’m seeking. But each of you will be gratified according to your wishes.
- 191 BCE, Titus Maccius Plautus, Pseudolus:
  Mos tibi geretur. Sed quid hoc, quaeso?
  I will obey you. But what’s this, please?
(transf.) quality, nature, mode, fashion
- 35 BCE – 34 BCE, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Satira IX:
  Ibam forte Via Sacra, sicut meus est mos nescio quid meditans nugarum, totus in illis...
  I was strolling by chance along the Sacred Way, a musing after my fashion (literally, as is my custom) on some trifle or other, and wholly intent thereon...
(transf.) precept, law, rule
(plural only) morals, principles
- 63 BCE, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Oratio in Catilinam Prima:
  O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?
  Shame on the age and on its principles! The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives?

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	mōs	mōrēs
genitive	mōris	mōrum
dative	mōrī	mōribus
accusative	mōrem	mōrēs
ablative	mōre	mōribus
vocative	mōs	mōrēs

Derived terms

Descendants

Italian: more
Dutch: mores
English: meo more, mores
French: mœurs
Romanian: moare

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “mōs, mōris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 390-1

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English mos (“moss”). Related to mese, from Old English mēos.

Noun

mos

moss

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *mos, from Proto-Germanic *musą, whence also Old High German mos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mos/

Noun

mos n

moss

Descendants

Middle English: mos, mosse
- Scots: mos
- English: moss

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *mōs, from Proto-Germanic *mōsą (“food”).

Akin to Old Saxon mōs (“food”), Old High German muos (German Mus, Gemüse (“food, vegetables”), Old English mete (“food”). More at meat.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /moːs/

Noun

mōs n

food, nourishment, victuals

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	mōs	mōs
accusative	mōs	mōs
genitive	mōses	mōsa
dative	mōse	mōsum

Related terms

mēsan

Descendants

Middle English: mos, mose
- >? English: mush
- >? Scots: moosh

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *mos, from Proto-Germanic *musą, whence also Old English mos.

Noun

mos n

moss

Descendants

Middle High German: mos
- German: Moos
- Hunsrik: Moos
- Luxembourgish: Moos

Old Irish

Alternative forms

mus

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *moxs, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs, whence also Sanskrit मक्षू (makṣū, “fast; early”), Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬱𐬎 (mošu, “soon, quickly”), Latin mox (“soon”). Doublet of moch.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mos/

Adverb

mos (preverbal; followed by the dependent form of the verb)

soon
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 28^c9
  Fo·mentar mo rígtin-se; mos riccub-sa.
  May you take heed of my arrival; I shall arrive soon.

Related terms

mó

Mutation

Mutation of *mos*
radical	lenition	nasalization
mos also mmos in h-prothesis environments	mos pronounced with /β̃-/	mos also mmos

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Occitan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mos/

Adjective

mos

my
- c. 1160, Bernart de Ventadorn, canso:
  Que mos chantars no·m val gaire / Ni mas voutas ni mei so [...].
  For my song little avails me, nor my verses, nor my airs.

Penobscot

Etymology

From Proto-Algonquian *mo·swa (“it strips”), referring to how a moose strips tree bark when feeding: compare Massachusett moos-u (“he strips, cuts smooth”).^[1]^[2]

Noun

mos

moose

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

References

^ Douglas Harper (2001–2025), “moose”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
^ “mos”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

Portuguese

Alternative forms

m'os (pre-standardization spelling)

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): (unstressed) /mus/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): (unstressed) /muʃ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): (unstressed) /mos/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): (unstressed) /muʃ/

Hyphenation: mos

Contraction

mos m pl

contraction of me os: masculine plural of mo

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Mass.

Noun

mos m (uncountable)

a cup

Declension

singular only	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	mos	mosul
genitive-dative	mos	mosului
vocative	mosule

References

mos in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

mos (mat)

Wikipedia ^sv

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /muːs/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse *mós, from Proto-Germanic *mōsą (“mush, porridge”).

Noun

mos n

mash, puree (mass of something mashed)
en grillad med mos
a grilled hot dog with mashed potatoes

göra mos av någon (idiomatic)
utterly defeat someone or the like
(literally, “make mash out of someone”)

Declension

Declension of **mos**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	mos	mos
singular	definite	moset	mosets
plural	indefinite	—	—
plural	definite	—	—

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

mos

indefinite genitive singular of mo

References

Anagrams

som

White Hmong

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mɒ˩/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *mənX/H (“fine (as of flour)”).^[1]

Adjective

mos

fine, small (of writing, embroidery, etc.)
young and tender
(of speech) soft and polite
Lus mos lus tuaj pos. ― Soft words are thorny words.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *məuŋX (“fly (insect)”),^[1] borrowed from Middle Chinese 蠓 (MC muwng|muwngX, “midge”).^[2]

Noun

mos

(in compounds) fly

Derived terms

yoov mos dab (“horse fly”)
yoov mos ntsuab (“green bottle fly”)

Etymology 3

Probably borrowed from Chinese 摩 (mó, “to rub”).^[3]

Verb

mos

to rub, massage
mos nplej ― to rub rice (off the stalk with hands or feet)

mos qhov muag ― to rub the eyes

mos plab ― to massage the abdomen or stomach, to rub the tummy
to lunge
to wrestle
to rape
to squash or squeeze into a pulp, as in preparing certain vegetables

References

Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979), White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[2], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 130.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Ratliff, Martha (2010), Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 276.
^ Ratliff, Martha (2010), Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 160.
^ https://web.archive.org/web/20101031002604/http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/25

[1] Topalli, Kolec (2017), “mos”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in Albanian), Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page 1008

[2] Entry #568 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[3] mos in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

[4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “mōs, mōris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 390-1

[5] Douglas Harper (2001–2025), “moose”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

[6] “mos”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

[Ratliff-7] 1.0 ^1.1 Ratliff, Martha (2010), Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 276.

[8] Ratliff, Martha (2010), Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 160.

[9] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20101031002604/http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/25

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		Singular		Plural
		nominative	oblique	nominative	oblique
first person sg.	m.	mos	mo, mon	mei	mos
first person sg.	f.	ma	ma	mas	mas
second person sg.	m.	tos	to, ton	tei	tos
second person sg.	f.	ta	ta	tas	tas
third person sg.	m.	sos	so, son	sei	sos
third person sg.	f.	sa	sa	sas	sas
first person pl.	m.	nostre, nostres	nostre	nostre	nostre
first person pl.	f.	nostra	nostra	nostras	nostras
second person pl.	m.	vostre, vostres	vostre	vostre	vostre
second person pl.	f.	vostra	vostra	vostras	vostras
third person pl.		lor, lur	lor, lur	lor, lur	lor, lur

Translingual

Symbol

See also

English

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Adverb

Usage notes

Albanian

Etymology

Adverb

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Aragonese

Etymology

Pronoun

References

Asturian

Pronoun

Bikol Central

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Related terms

Bouyei

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Pronoun

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Determiner

Alternative forms

Further reading

Cornish

Etymology 1

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Mutation

Danish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

See also

References

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation