or

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "or"
Languages (24)
Translingual • English
Aromanian • Basque • Catalan • French • Ido • Italian • Japanese • Middle English • Middle French • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old French • Old Frisian • Romanian • Romansch • Scots • Scottish Gaelic • Swedish • Tocharian A • Tocharian B • Yola
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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or

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Odia.

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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From Middle English or; partially contracted from other, auther, from Old English āþor, āwþer, āhwæþer ("some, any, either"; > either); and partially from Middle English oththe, from Old English oþþe, from Proto-Germanic *efþau (“or”).

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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or

  1. Connects at least two alternative words, phrases, clauses, sentences, etc., each of which could make a passage true.
    You may either stay or come.
    He might get cancer, or be hit by a bus, or God knows what.
  2. (logic) An operator denoting the disjunction of two propositions or truth values. There are two forms, the inclusive or and the exclusive or.
  3. Counts the elements before and after as two possibilities.
  4. Otherwise (a consequence of the condition that the previous is false).
    It's raining! Come inside or you'll catch a cold!
  5. Connects two equivalent names.
    The country Myanmar, or Burma
Usage notes
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  • (connecting alternative terms): When not implied by the meaning of the conjoins, it is generally ambiguous whether “or” is intended in an exclusive or inclusive sense. In speech, various means may be used to convey exclusivity, such as stress on the word “or” or a rising intonation before it.[1] In a formal or technical register, and/or may be used to specify inclusivity.
Translations
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See also
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Etymology 2

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From Etymology 1 (sense 2 above).

Noun

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

or (plural ors)

  1. (logic, electronics) Alternative form of OR

See also

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Etymology 3

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From late Middle English or (“gold”), borrowed from Middle French or (“yellow”), from Old French or, from Latin aurum (“gold”). Doublet of aurum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

or (countable and uncountable, plural ors)

  1. (heraldry) The gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms.
    • 1909, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry:
      The metals are gold and silver, these being termed "or" and "argent".
    • 1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:
      In engraving, "Or" is expressed by dots.
    or:  
Synonyms
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  • (gold or yellow tincture): o., Or
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  • Au (chemical symbol for gold)
Translations
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Adjective

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or (not comparable)

  1. (heraldry) Of gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms.
Synonyms
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Translations
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Etymology 4

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From Late Old English ār, from Old Norse ár. Compare ere.

Adverb

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or

  1. (obsolete) Early (on).
  2. (obsolete) Earlier, previously.

Preposition

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or

  1. (now archaic or dialect) Before; ere. Followed by "ever" or "ere".
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ecclesiastes 12:6-7:
      Or euer the siluer corde be loosed, or the golden bowle be broken, or the pitcher be broken at the fountaine, or the wheele broken at the cisterne. Then shall the dust returne to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall returne vnto God who gaue it.
    • 1834, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner:
      I looked to heaven, and tried to pray;
      But or ever a prayer had gusht,
      A wicked whisper came, and made
      My heart as dry as dust.
    • 1906, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], Time and the Gods‎[2], London: William Heineman, →OCLC, page 3:
      And Time went forth into the worlds to obey the commands of the gods, yet he cast furtive glances at his masters, and the gods distrusted Time because he had known the worlds or ever the gods became.

References

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  1. ^ Huddleston, Rodney (1988) English Grammar: An Outline, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 198–99

Anagrams

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Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin ōrō. Compare Daco-Romanian ura, urez.

Verb

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or first-singular present indicative (past participle uratã)

  1. to pray

Synonyms

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Basque

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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1103; variant of hor, from Proto-Basque *hoŕ. Mostly replaced by zakur.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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or anim

  1. dog

Declension

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Declension of or (animate, ending in tap -r)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive or ora orak
ergative orek orak orek
dative ori orari orei
genitive oren oraren oren
comitative orekin orarekin orekin
causative orengatik orarengatik orengatik
benefactive orentzat orarentzat orentzat
instrumental orez oraz orez
inessive orengan orarengan orengan
locative — — —
allative orengana orarengana orengana
terminative orenganaino orarenganaino orenganaino
directive orenganantz orarenganantz orenganantz
destinative orenganako orarenganako orenganako
ablative orengandik orarengandik orengandik
partitive orik — —
prolative ortzat — —

Synonyms

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Further reading

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  • “or”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
  • “or”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Catalan

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Chemical element
Au
Previous: platí (Pt)
Next: mercuri (Hg)

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin aurum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”), from *h₂ews- (“to dawn, become light, become red”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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or m (plural ors)

  1. gold
  2. (heraldry) or

Derived terms

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French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle French or, from Old French or, from Latin aurum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”), from *h₂ews- (“to dawn, become light, become red”).

Noun

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or m (plural ors)

  1. gold
  2. (heraldry) or (yellow in heraldry)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Haitian Creole: lò
See also
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Etymology 2

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From Old French ore, from Vulgar Latin hā horā, alteration of hāc horā (“(in) this hour”, ablative). Compare Spanish ahora, Portuguese agora.

Adverb

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or

  1. (obsolete) now, presently

Conjunction

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or

  1. yet, however, now, that said, as it happens (introduces the second term in a syllogism)

Usage notes

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This is often used to introduce contrasting information (like English however). However, the information need not be contrasting, but can simply be supplemental information that leads to a subsequent conclusion (similar to English as it happens).

Further reading

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Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowing from French or, Italian ora and Spanish ahora.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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or

  1. now, but (in argument)

Usage notes

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Or expresses not only a sequence of two propositions, but induces a new argument, a further premise, explanation, motive. When the premise (motive) follows the conclusion, nam is used instead.

Italian

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Adverb

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or (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of ora (“now”), used almost exclusively in the forms or ora (“just now”) and or sono (“ago”).

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Japanese

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Particle

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or(オア) • (oa) 

  1. Alternative form of オア (“or”)

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old English ōr, from Proto-West Germanic *ōʀ, from Proto-Germanic *ōsaz, form Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (“mouth”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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or

  1. (Early Middle English, hapax) beginning, start

Etymology 2

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Determiner

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or

  1. (chiefly Early Middle English and West Midland) Alternative form of here (“their”)

Etymology 3

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Noun

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or

  1. Alternative form of ore (“honour”)

Etymology 4

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Noun

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or

  1. Alternative form of ore (“ore”)

Etymology 5

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Determiner

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or

  1. Alternative form of your

Middle French

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Alternative forms

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  • aur (alternate Latinized spelling)

Etymology

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From Old French or.

Noun

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or m (uncountable)

  1. gold (metal)
  2. gold (color)

Descendants

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  • French: or
    • Haitian Creole: lò
  • → English: or

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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From Old Norse ǫlr, órir.

Noun

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or f or m (definite singular ora or oren, indefinite plural orer, definite plural orene)

  1. an alder (tree of genus Alnus)

Synonyms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse ǫlr, órir. Akin to English alder.

Noun

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or f (definite singular ora, indefinite plural orer, definite plural orene)

or m (definite singular oren, indefinite plural orar, definite plural orane)

  1. an alder (tree of genus Alnus)

Etymology 2

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From Old Norse ór.

Alternative forms

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Preposition

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or

  1. out of
  2. from
    • 1956, Olav H. Hauge, Gjer ein annan mann ei beine:
      Han kom or fjellet, skulde heim, […] .
      He came from the mountain, was heading home […] .

References

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *ōzô, *ōsaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (“mouth”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ōr n

  1. origin, beginning

Descendants

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  • Middle English: or (early, hapax)

References

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Old French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Latin aurum.

Noun

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or oblique singular, m (oblique plural ors, nominative singular ors, nominative plural or)

  1. gold (metal)
  2. gold (color)
  3. (by extension) blond(e) color
Descendants
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  • Middle French: or, aur (alternate Latinized spelling)
    • French: or
      • Haitian Creole: lò
    • → English: or
  • Walloon: ôr

Etymology 2

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See ore.

Adverb

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or

  1. Alternative form of ore

Old Frisian

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ōr

  1. Old West Frisian form of ōther

References

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  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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(ele/ei) or (modal auxiliary, third-person plural form of vrea, used with infinitives to form presumptive tenses)

  1. (they) might
    fiindcă or avea ceva pe care noi nu-l avem, va trebui să așteptăm puțin
    being that they might have something that we don't, we will need to wait a bit

Verb

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or (modal auxiliary, ? form of avea, used with ? to form ? tenses)

  1. (informal, sometimes proscribed) Variation of o in the third person plural.
    Or să vină într-un minut.
    They will come in a minute.

Adverb

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or

  1. Alternative form of ori

Romansch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin aurum.

Noun

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or m

  1. (Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) gold

Scots

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Etymology

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A variant of ere, obsolete in modern English.

Conjunction

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or

  1. before or until (only in certain senses)
    It'll nae be lang or A gang ma holiday.- It'll not be long until/ before I go on holiday

Usage notes

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Not archaic, but rare amongst young people.

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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Possibly from Old Irish amar (“song, singing”). See òran.

Noun

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or m (genitive singular ora, plural ora or orthachan or orrachan or orthannan)

  1. hymn, incantation, petition, prayer

Synonyms

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Verb

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or (past dh’or, future oridh, verbal noun oradh, past participle orte)

  1. chant, sing
    Tha Màiri ag oradh. ― Mary is singing.

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology

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Related to orna (“moldy, spoiled by mites”), Danish oret, of obscure ultimate origin. Compare oren (“impure, dirty, unclean, rotten”).[1]

Noun

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or n

  1. any mite in the superfamily Acaroidea, order Astigmata

Usage notes

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Popular as a crossword entry.

Declension

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Declension of or
nominative genitive
singular indefinite or ors
definite oret orets
plural indefinite or ors
definite oren orens

See also

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References

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  1. ^ “or”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy]‎[1] (in Swedish), 1937

Anagrams

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Tocharian A

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *dóru, with unexplained loss of initial */d/. Compare Tocharian B or.

Noun

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or n

  1. wood

Tocharian B

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *dóru, with unexplained loss of initial */d/. Compare Tocharian A or.

Noun

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or n

  1. wood
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Yola

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Conjunction

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or

  1. Alternative form of ar
    • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 78:
      Wich ad wough bethther kwingokee or baagchoosee vursth?
      Whether had we better churn or bake first?
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:
      Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,
      Nay, now or never! we cry'd to Tommy,
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:
      Up caame ee ball, an a dap or a kewe
      Up came the ball, and a tap or a shove
    • 1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:
      Hea pryet ich mought na ha chicke or hen,
      He prayed I might not have chicken nor hen,

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867
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