primus

See also: Primus and prímus

English

Etymology

From Latin primus (“the first”); related to prior, the comparative form. Partially cognate to foremost, from Proto-Indo-European.

Noun

primus (plural primuses)

1. One of the bishops of the Scottish Episcopal Church, who presides at the meetings of the bishops, and has certain privileges but no metropolitan authority.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Internat. Cyc to this entry?)

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for primus in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)

Anagrams

• purism

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Latin

Latin numbers ^(edit)

	10
	I 1	2  →
Cardinal: ūnus     Ordinal: prīmus     Adverbial: semel     Multiplier: simplex, simplus     Distributive: singulī

Etymology

Earlier prīsmos < *prīsemos < Proto-Italic *priisemos, a superlative form of the obsolete preposition *pri/*prei, related to prae (“before”) (see -issimus for the superlative). Compare prior (“earlier, in front”), the corresponding comparative.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpriː.mus/, [ˈpriː.mʊs]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpri.mus/, [ˈpriː.mus]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Adjective

prīmus (feminine prīma, neuter prīmum, adverb prīmō); first/second-declension adjective

1. first

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	prīmus	prīma	prīmum		prīmī	prīmae	prīma
Genitive	prīmī	prīmae	prīmī		prīmōrum	prīmārum	prīmōrum
Dative	prīmō		prīmō		prīmīs
Accusative	prīmum	prīmam	prīmum		prīmōs	prīmās	prīma
Ablative	prīmō	prīmā	prīmō		prīmīs
Vocative	prīme	prīma	prīmum		prīmī	prīmae	prīma

Derived terms

• prīmārius
• prīmō
• prīmōgenitus
• prīmum movēns
• prīmum mōbile
• prīmum nōn nocēre
• prīma māteria
• prīnceps

Descendants

• Dalmatian: prein
• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: prim
• Istriot: preîmo
• Italian: primo
  • → English: primo
• Neapolitan:

  Tarantino: prime

• Old French: prim, prime
  • French: prime
  • → Middle English: prime
    • English: prime
    • Scots: prime
• Old Leonese: [Term?]
  • Asturian: primu
• Old Occitan: [Term?]
  • Catalan: prim
  • Occitan: prim
• Old Portuguese: primo
  • Portuguese: primo
• Old Spanish: primo
  • Spanish: primo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: prin
  • Ladin: prim, prum
  • Romansch: emprim, emprem, amprem, prüm
• Sardinian: primmu, primu
• Sicilian: primu
• Venetian: primo
• → English: primus
• → Old Irish: prím, prím-
  • Irish: príomh-
  • Manx: preeu-
  • Scottish Gaelic: prìomh-
• → Brythonic: *priβ̃
  • Welsh: prif

See also

• prima materia on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Primum Mobile on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• primum movens on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• primum non nocere on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• primus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• primus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• primus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• primus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have a superficial knowledge, a smattering of literature, of the sciences: primis (ut dicitur) or primoribus labris gustare or attingere litteras
    
  • to receive the first elements of a liberal education: primis litterarum elementis imbui
    
  • the actor who plays the leading part: actor primarum (secundarum, tertiarum) partium
    
  • to give the palm, the first place (for wisdom) to some one: primas (e.g. sapientiae) alicui deferre, tribuere, concedere
    
  • (ambiguous) at the first opportunity: primo quoque tempore
    
  • (ambiguous) at the beginning of spring: ineunte, primo vere
    
  • (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be considered the foremost orator: primum or principem inter oratores locum obtinere
    
  • (ambiguous) to occupy the first, second position in the state: principem (primum), secundum locum dignitatis obtinere
    
  • (ambiguous) the vanguard: agmen primum
    
• primus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• primus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• primus in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 488